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2011) Message from the Head ALUMNI NEWSLETTER Number 14 (2011) Message from the Head Dear Alumni and Friends EOS celebrated its 15th birthday this past April, a milestone that provides an opportunity to reflect on how far we have come and on the changes currently underway. In 15 years, undergraduate students taught have increased by 170%, undergraduate majors and honours students by 100%, graduate enrolment by 60%, and total research funding by 70%. These numbers reflect the continued success of our disciplinary programs and research teams as well as the introduction of new interdisciplinary research clusters and academic programs. At the undergraduate level, geological engineering, one of UBC’s oldest applied science programs, continues to operate at capacity. Environmental science (page 12) is thriving since moving to EOS with growth on pace to become the largest undergrad program in EOS within the next couple of years. The reintroduction of a defined majors program in geophysics has bolstered enrolment, and similar changes to combined majors in oceanography are on track to revitalize that program as well. The atmospheric science has recently undergone curriculum revision and enrolment remains steady. Curriculum review of the geological sciences program is a continuing priority for the coming year, and enrolment in that program remains strong. Our graduate program continues to attract exceptional student applicants from around the world, with current EOS grads representing 27 countries. A highlight of some of the many awards to EOS postdocs and students is listed on page 25. Our faculty continues to be recognized internationally (see pages 19-24). Notably, EOS faculty delivered two Bowie Lectures at the fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union this past December (page 24). The fall AGU meeting is the largest earth science meeting in the world, and the Bowie lecture series recognizes one person from each of the 13 sections of the AGU. More broadly, EOS successes were recognized in the 2011 QS World University Rankings, where we placed 14th in the world and the top earth science department in Canada. These are truly remarkable accomplishments in 15 short years. This past year two high-level staff retirements ushered in a reorganization of the administrative structure of EOS. Paul de Leon, EOS Administrator, accepted a position in the Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Deb Varley, Head’s Secretary for many years moved to the Faculty of Applied Science. Paul and Deb’s contributions to EOS are many, but I did not truly appreciate how much I relied on them until this year! Many thanks to Deb and Paul for their hard work over the years, and every success in their continued careers at UBC. The reorganization and re-staffing of the EOS admin office, including the creation of a new staff position in Human Resources, is now complete. Welcome to Renee Haggart, Director of Resources and Operations; Christina Girardi, Head’s Secretary; Cary Thomson (formerly Graduate Coordinator), Human Resources Manager; and Michael Hermawan, Graduate Coordinator. Other aspects of EOS have remained relatively constant over the past decade and a half. The physical facilities that house EOS have at best held steady, and the number of faculty members has increased by less than 10% over that period. But that is about to change as well. In August 2012, we will move into the new $75 Million Earth Sciences Building, funded by the mineral exploration industry and the Province of B.C. The building site for the ESB changes daily (viewable through a web cam accessed via www.eos.ubc.ca), and as it takes shape the magnitude of the changes in store for EOS are becoming increasingly apparent. Next year, EOS will be housed for the first time within a single complex consisting of the ESB, EOS Main, and EOS South. The new complex will allow us to re-organize and expand our core operations and to take full advantage of the new research and teaching linkages that have developed across the earth, ocean, and atmospheric sciences. At the faculty level, EOS has struck three hiring committees in recent months. We are advertising to hire a tenure-track Instructor in Geological Engineering, a tenure-track Assistant Professor in Atmospheric Dynamics or Physical Oceanography of Climate and Climate Impacts, and a Canada Research Chair in Geomicrobiology to be shared with the Department of Microbiology and Immunology. These will be the first open faculty searches in EOS in some years and will build research strength and increase capability in delivering the environmental science, atmospheric science and geological engineering programs. By the time we move into the new building, these positions should be filled, and EOS will be in a strong position for continued success and growth. Table of Contents Global Climate Change - Dynamics and Consequences.............................................. 3 Halos, Sun Dogs, and Diamond Dust ............................. 6 Mysterious Mercury Meets Messenger .......................... 8 World’s Largest, Most Complex Marine Virus............. 9 Lessons in Consulting for Science Fiction ................ 10 Environmental Sciences Program................................. 12 Pacific Museum of the Earth............................................ 16 PCIGR ...................................................................................... 17 Oliver Field School Reunion............................................ 18 Reminiscences ..................................................................... 18 AWARDS AND HONOURS IN EOS................................. 24 Highlights of EOS Award Recipients .................................. 19 STUDENT NEWS G.M. Dawson Club................................................................. 23 Enrollments............................................................................ 26 Theses.................................................................................... 26 Alumni Feedback .............................................................. 27 Keep in Touch Form......................................................... 28 Donation Form................................................................... 29 Alumni Newsletter, 2011 2 Earth and Ocean Sciences Fossil fuels vegetation surface ocean marine biota Global Climate Change deep ocean Dynamics and Consequences dissolved organic carbon sediments (L-R): Phil Austin, Associate Professor in the Dept. of Earth & Ocean Sciences • Roger Francois, Canada Research Chair (CRC) in Marine Biogeochemistry and Climate Change Studies, EOS •, Maria (Maite) Maldonado, CRC in Phytoplankton Trace Metal Physiology, EOS • Christopher Harley, Assistant Professor in the Department of Zoology. Observed increases in air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of polar and glacial ice, and rising sea levels clearly indicate that the earth is heating up. UBC scientists are helping to answer critical questions: How fast? What is the tipping point whereby living systems become irreversibly compromised? How can we better quell, predict and prepare for climate change? Scientists across the globe have established that we are at a pivotal point in the history of our planet. Survival of life as we know it is a numbers game. Earth’s population has grown from 1.6 billion in 1900 to over 6.8 billion in 2010. Exponential growth, coupled with industrial and technological development, has resulted in increased burning of fossil fuels. Over the past century, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration has risen to a higher level than at any time within the last 800,000 years. Since 1960, atmospheric CO2 has increased from 315 to 388 parts per million by volume (ppmv). By the year 2100, levels are predicted to rise to 750 ppmv if there is no effort to cut emissions (from Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC 2007). During the 20th century, global air and sea surface temperatures rose by roughly 0.74 degrees Celsius (°C). Scientists estimate that in this century global temperature will rise by 1.8 to 4.0 °C (IPCC 2007), largely as a result of increased CO2 emissions. The last 50 years have likely been the warmest period in the past 13 centuries. The transfer of energy through physical, chemical and biochemical processes among the earth’s atmosphere, oceans, soil and living organisms drives the complex dynamics of climate. When the global energy balance changes, the earth’s climate changes (see text box). UBC scientists are working to map climate change over geological time scales and measure anthropogenic impacts in recent history to better understand the implications for future generations. Human Evolution—A Hiccup in Time Within the framework of global warming, it is difficult to believe we are living in the midst of an ice age. “If you look at the long-term changes of climate, we find ourselves in one of the rare cold periods, where ice remains on the poles,” says Roger Francois, Canada Research Chair in Marine Geochemistry and Climate Change Studies, in EOS. His work in paleoceanography involves understanding how ocean biology and chemistry have controlled atmospheric CO2 and greenhouse gas effects in the past, and how changes in ocean circulation have affected temperature distribution on the earth. Alumni Newsletter, 2011 3 Earth and Ocean Sciences The Carbon Cycle and Radiative Forcing The current ice age began around 1.8 million years ago. Carbon is the fourth most abundant element in the universe and It is marked by periodic shifts in climate from
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