Alexander Ramsey Falls Asleep

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Alexander Ramsey Falls Asleep MINNESOTA > \> •*v * §}& **'"? .« pJKS*gESF - '"Sis''-1 - . > fi$$&$ «*3! -" ^JiJTH! '• <*' ? » « • <- «.' .,,-"- , J AND FRIDAY; COOLER FRIDAY •y~ ipAr -* FULL OF YEARS ANDfHONORS ! ALEXANDER RAMSEY FALLS ASLEEP The End Came to Him Peacefully Last Evening „ at the Family Residence in '* • St. Paul. Alh'the Great State of Minnesota, With. Which His Name Is Insepar­ ably Connected, Mourns for Him as for a Father—As Governor of the Territory and of the New-State He Left a Lasting Imprint Upon the life of Minnesota—In the United States Senate and the Northwestern Star Oil Plant Explosion the DEAD 0E UNACCOUNTED FOB Presidential Cabinet He Gave His Services to the Nation as a W. H. DAVIS, president, 2201 Hennepin Boulevard. 1 ' Wotfct Minneapolis Disaster Since the C. H. DURRIN, general manager, 1016 Fourteenth avenue 8E. Whole, t\* STANISLAUS W. MITCHELL, cashier, 802 Fourth street SE. Mill Horror in 1878. JACOB DOMM, bookkeeper, 2432 Harriet avenue. MISS CAROLINE A. RECORD, bookkeeper, 126 W Fifteenth street. HAROLD C. COLBORN, clerk, 711 Fifth avenue SE. A CONDENSED BIOGRAPHY MISS ELLA M. ROUNDY, stenographer, 716 University avenue SE. Shortly Before EToon the Huge Oil.Tanks Burst Out in an Irresistible DAVID DACEY, foreman, 204 Fourth avenue SE. PERSONAL. JOHN SPOTANSKE, laborer, 401 Fourth street SE. Born at Harrisburg, Penn., Sept. 8, 1815. Sheet of Fatal Flame—The Plant Destroyed as Though by Vol­ JOSEPH LABRECHE, laborer* 52 Central avenue. Entered Lafayette College, 1833. canic .Visitation—Fierce*Fire Follows and It Is Feared That None Admitted to the bar, 1839. THE INJURED Married, Sept. 10, 1845, to Anna Earl Jenka. .' of the Missing Has Escaped Alive—Survivors Horribly Burned— Arrived In Minnesota. May 27, 1849. Cauae^of. tfee Disaster a Mystery. ~. , ^ WILL LARSON, laborer, 512 River Bank SE; badly burned about face and Three children, of whom two sons died In infancy. t hands, leg bruised. Taken to city hospital. Mrs. Ramsey died, Nov. 29, 1884. CHARLES AARONSON, employe of American Bridge,Jbempany; leg badly Death of Governor Ramsey, April 22, 1903. bruised. $J Survived by one daughter, Mrs. Marlon Furness, St. Paul. JOE McGINTY, 908 Third avenue N,.supposed to have escaped and walked GOVERNOR ALEXANDER RAMSEY. home. IN 1861. The most appalling disaster in Minneapolis Since the great mill explosion in POLITICAL. 1878, occurred shortly before noon to-day, at Sixth avenue SB and the river bank, WALTER E. SCOTT, St Paul, face and hands burned, rib broken. Taken Chief clerk Pennsylvania legislature, 1841. to city hospital. Sioux, in 1851, 40,000,000 acres of land when the plant of the Northwestern Star Oil company blew up. Whig nominee for congress, 1842; served one term. were thrown open to the settler. In the JOSEPH DRONICK, 401 Seventh street SE; burned about face and hands. Chairman Whig state committee, Pennsylvania, 1848. fall of the same year, he visited the Red Of the twenty or more employes in the bhildlng only two are known to have Taken to city hospital. First territorial governor of Minnesota, 1849-1853. River colony and made, at Pembina, -. a escaped injury, while six were taken out frightfully burned. E. J. LINK, 704 Third avenue SE; burned about face and hands. Taken to Mayor of St. Paul, 1855. treaty with the northern Chippewas, for city hospital. .Eleven are unaccounted for and are supposed to be buried beneath the smok­ Republican candidate for governor, 1857. the cession by them of thirty miles on JOSEPH LIVINGSTON, Nicollet Island; burned about face and hands. each side of the Red river. This"'treaty Taken to his home. Elected second governor of state, 1859, and re-elected, 1861. was not ratified by the senate, but in 1863 ing debris. " h',|j "•''•'.v..'.'..'.-.;•- "•'''.'..'"- United States senator, 1863-1875. Governor Ramsey, then senator, made The explosion occurred at an hour when the entire force of employes were at Secretary of war in Hayes' cabinet, 1879-1881. another treaty, ~ accomplishing the in­ THE UNINJURED Member of Edmunds Utah commission, 1882-1886. tended results. work. .^. '" -•• '.,•;. Some of the extracts from his early Without a*ajoment's warning the7large tank of oU In.the east end''of the build­ JACOB JACOBSON, foreman, 1809 Eleventh avenue S. messages, predicting the future growth of ing exploded with terrific force. The four outside walls of the building were leveled THOMAS CRAIG, engineer, 301 Fourth street SE. the territory seem almost prophetic. ZERAH C. COLBORN, salesman, 711 Fifth avenue SE. Minnesota mourns to-day for Alexander Ramsey. : and an instant later the ruins were swathed in angry, roaring flames. Six men 1 The success of the treaty of 1851' with Full of years and honors, Minnesota's grand old man sank peacefully to his the Sioux at Traverse des Sioux which succeeded in escaping from the building Immediately after the explosion, while the final rest yesterday evening, shortly after 6 o'clock. He had been In feeble health the governor, assisted by Luke Lea: ne­ the heat was so intense that it is doubtful if the dead can be removed from the for several -weeks, but the end was sudden and unxpected, due to heart failure. It gotiated early in his.career, stamped him rest of the employes were buried beneath the ruins. .ruins until a late hour this afternoon. as a man of affairs and if he had ac­ Immediately after the explosion a fire alarm was turned in and was answered came in the home which had been his for thirty years, 265 Exchange street, St. Paul.- THE CAUSE WRAPPED IN 'MYSTERY. ^y Governor Ramsey's death' breaks the link between the present and the history complished nothing else of importance by nearly all the companies in the city. When the firemen arrived the oil was during his incumbency as governor of the The cause of the.explosion is a mystery and probably never will be explained. ' - of Minnesota's first struggles as a commonwealth. Territorial days and Indian territory that act would of itself entitle burning fiercely, whfle huge columns of dense black smoke mounted up unbroken treaties seemed but yesterday when Alexander Ramsey, the central figure of those The office force* was at work as-usual, as were all the rest of the employes, Sev- >, him to the thanks of the millions who how to the height of several hundred feet. : Water was of little use in fighting, the times, still drove about the streets that saw his first activities. The state which till the soil in the great northwest. He eral tanks of oil were being unloaded Into the building, when suddenly there was obeyed him in territorial days, which honored him as its "war governor," and sent and his associates made possible the early flames, as the oil burned freely, arid the fire-department devoted its energies to the a terrific explosion. The walls of the building fell as if by an earthquake. Several f \ him for twelve years to represent it in the senate at Washington, will see that kind­ development of the agricultural resources saving of adjoining fundings. ' V- smaller explosions followed in quick succession, but the first one had so completely % ly, bronzed face no more. Ramsey county, named fifty years ago for the young of this great commonwealth anid the ? ,1^ AID TO THE INJURED. wrecked the building that they did no damage other than to add to the fury of the ? governor, will pay him now the last honors earth can give. building up of the cities and towns which flames which had raged from the first. "*-« followed the incoming of the pioneer set­ Chief Canterbury at once dispatched one of the hose wagons to the city hospi­ Governor Kamsey was 89 years old. An active life, full of hard work and re­ tlers. In his first message to the terri­ Several persons employed in the vicinity of the plant were eye witnesses to * sponsibility, never shook his sturdy constitution, and only the inexorable hand of torial legislature he suggested a petition, tal with Will Larson, Walter Scott And- Joseph Dromick, who were badly burned, the explosion, but noife of-them could explain how it occurred. Frank Carron, £ -" time brought on the weakness and the final end yesterday. asking congress to extend the pre­ and had received some painful btfiises and broken bones. The South Side patrol foreman at one of • the American Bridge company's shops .opposite the oil com- 'j.' The history of Minnesota's early days is almost a biography of Alexander Ram­ emption laws to the unsurveyed lands and pany's plant, was standing at an open window looking directly at the building <f ' sey. He came here in 1849, strong in the prime of his young manhood, appointed to limit the sales of public lands to actual wagon took. |5d*ard Xiink to the.ttospital and James Livingstone to his home on when the explosion occurred. He told the story of the explosion as follows: > Ji, l by Zachary Taylor as first governor of the new territory. He entered into pioneer settlers, both of which requests were fa­ Nicollet Islarot. \ Foseph McGinty -wits also injured, but went home unattended.- /"<•£ :; : life, became the trusted friend of the Indian tribes, and their mediator with the vorably replied to by the national,legis­ v/_-*.$ * . i •• • - .•••,.-. '•••• /^PK ' ,"-^> Vi'V • SVORY.OF AN EYE WITNESS.. .• •J.^pJ$j M4£$MI&r ^ lature and..'the eylL .of non-residence land Thoma4;0<$n Agf ^engineer 'at the 'plant^left a minute before the explosion :oc- 0£ **EyerythijWB wjas qu^et when suddenly there was a; loud noise and t^ walls of I "Great Father." His hold on the people was strong, and when Minnesota became a curred j itftZW^idj'/tfT » block away' when hjp heard.a souhd*yJQf the.
Recommended publications
  • Guide to a Microfilm Edition of the Alexander Ramsey Papers and Records
    -~-----', Guide to a Microfilm Edition of The Alexander Ramsey Papers and Records Helen McCann White Minnesota Historical Society . St. Paul . 1974 -------~-~~~~----~! Copyright. 1974 @by the Minnesota Historical Society Library of Congress Catalog Number:74-10395 International Standard Book Number:O-87351-091-7 This pamphlet and the microfilm edition of the Alexander Ramsey Papers and Records which it describes were made possible by a grant of funds from the National Historical Publications Commission to the Minnesota Historical Society. Introduction THE PAPERS AND OFFICIAL RECORDS of Alexander Ramsey are the sixth collection to be microfilmed by the Minnesota Historical Society under a grant of funds from the National Historical Publications Commission. They document the career of a man who may be charac­ terized as a 19th-century urban pioneer par excellence. Ramsey arrived in May, 1849, at the raw settlement of St. Paul in Minne­ sota Territory to assume his duties as its first territorial gov­ ernor. The 33-year-old Pennsylvanian took to the frontier his family, his education, and his political experience and built a good life there. Before he went to Minnesota, Ramsey had attended college for a time, taught school, studied law, and practiced his profession off and on for ten years. His political skills had been acquired in the Pennsylvania legislature and in the U.S. Congress, where he developed a subtlety and sophistication in politics that he used to lead the development of his adopted city and state. Ram­ sey1s papers and records reveal him as a down-to-earth, no-non­ sense man, serving with dignity throughout his career in the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAIRMEN of SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–Present
    CHAIRMEN OF SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–present INTRODUCTION The following is a list of chairmen of all standing Senate committees, as well as the chairmen of select and joint committees that were precursors to Senate committees. (Other special and select committees of the twentieth century appear in Table 5-4.) Current standing committees are highlighted in yellow. The names of chairmen were taken from the Congressional Directory from 1816–1991. Four standing committees were founded before 1816. They were the Joint Committee on ENROLLED BILLS (established 1789), the joint Committee on the LIBRARY (established 1806), the Committee to AUDIT AND CONTROL THE CONTINGENT EXPENSES OF THE SENATE (established 1807), and the Committee on ENGROSSED BILLS (established 1810). The names of the chairmen of these committees for the years before 1816 were taken from the Annals of Congress. This list also enumerates the dates of establishment and termination of each committee. These dates were taken from Walter Stubbs, Congressional Committees, 1789–1982: A Checklist (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985). There were eleven committees for which the dates of existence listed in Congressional Committees, 1789–1982 did not match the dates the committees were listed in the Congressional Directory. The committees are: ENGROSSED BILLS, ENROLLED BILLS, EXAMINE THE SEVERAL BRANCHES OF THE CIVIL SERVICE, Joint Committee on the LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, LIBRARY, PENSIONS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS, RETRENCHMENT, REVOLUTIONARY CLAIMS, ROADS AND CANALS, and the Select Committee to Revise the RULES of the Senate. For these committees, the dates are listed according to Congressional Committees, 1789– 1982, with a note next to the dates detailing the discrepancy.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Study, Former U.S. Bureau of Mines Property, Twin Cities Research Center
    fo07 I D-.;J.'t Historical Study Former U.S. Bureau of Mines Property Twin Cities Research Center Prepared by: Barbara J. Henning Historian RIVERCREST ASSOCIATES 203 North I:!' Street Petersburg. Illinois 62675 & 59 MonteAno Santa Fe, New Mexico 87505 Prepared for: U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Final Report October 2002 ..-.rJ« RETURN TO: TECHNK:AlIlll'ORUATION CENTeR DENVER SElI'IICe CElllER I ~.TIONAl_ SERVICE TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. Introduction 1 Description of Project Scope of Work I Boundaries 2 Nomenclature 3 Previous Studies 3 White and White 3 O llendorf and Godrrey 3 Hotopp 4 Clouse 4 Research Methods 5 End Notes 6 2. Context Statement 7 Introduction 7 Camp Coldwater Summer Camp 7 Settlers 8 Traders 9 American Fur Company 9 Benjamin F. Baker iO Reserve Bo undaries II Camp Coldwater Residents II Major Plympton In sists 12 St. Louis Hmc1 13 Franklin Stcc(c 15 George W. Lincoln 17 Conflict Near & Far 18 Department of the Dakota 19 Waterworks System 20 Coldwater Park 23 End of Federal Fort Snelling Era 23 Native Americans & Camp Coldwater 24 Introduction 24 Descriptions of the Area 24 Encampments & Visits 25 Summary 26 End Notes 27 - I - 3. Findings & Recommendations 31 Introduction 31 Significance of Coldwater Spring Site 31 Periods of Use 32 Government Usc 33 Military 33 E nterta i nmen t/Rccreat ion 34 Non-Government Use 34 Ex ploration/Settlement 34 Commerce 35 Integri ty Matters 36 Archeological Remnants 36 Recommended Boundary Change 37 End Notes 37 Bibliography 38 Figures & Plates Fi gure I.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Liberty'cargo Ship
    ‘LIBERTY’ CARGO SHIP FEATURE ARTICLE written by James Davies for KEY INFORMATION Country of Origin: United States of America Manufacturers: Alabama Dry Dock Co, Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyards Inc, California Shipbuilding Corp, Delta Shipbuilding Co, J A Jones Construction Co (Brunswick), J A Jones Construction Co (Panama City), Kaiser Co, Marinship Corp, New England Shipbuilding Corp, North Carolina Shipbuilding Co, Oregon Shipbuilding Corp, Permanente Metals Co, St Johns River Shipbuilding Co, Southeastern Shipbuilding Corp, Todd Houston Shipbuilding Corp, Walsh-Kaiser Co. Major Variants: General cargo, tanker, collier, (modifications also boxed aircraft transport, tank transport, hospital ship, troopship). Role: Cargo transport, troop transport, hospital ship, repair ship. Operated by: United States of America, Great Britain, (small quantity also Norway, Belgium, Soviet Union, France, Greece, Netherlands and other nations). First Laid Down: 30th April 1941 Last Completed: 30th October 1945 Units: 2,711 ships laid down, 2,710 entered service. Released by WW2Ships.com USA OTHER SHIPS www.WW2Ships.com FEATURE ARTICLE 'Liberty' Cargo Ship © James Davies Contents CONTENTS ‘Liberty’ Cargo Ship ...............................................................................................................1 Key Information .......................................................................................................................1 Contents.....................................................................................................................................2
    [Show full text]
  • Minnesota Bounties on Dakota Men During the U.S.-Dakota War Colette Routel Mitchell Hamline School of Law, [email protected]
    Mitchell Hamline School of Law Mitchell Hamline Open Access Faculty Scholarship 2013 Minnesota Bounties On Dakota Men During The U.S.-Dakota War Colette Routel Mitchell Hamline School of Law, [email protected] Publication Information 40 William Mitchell Law Review 1 (2013) Repository Citation Routel, Colette, "Minnesota Bounties On Dakota Men During The .SU .-Dakota War" (2013). Faculty Scholarship. Paper 260. http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/facsch/260 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Mitchell Hamline Open Access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Mitchell Hamline Open Access. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Minnesota Bounties On Dakota Men During The .SU .-Dakota War Abstract The .SU .-Dakota War was one of the formative events in Minnesota history, and despite the passage of time, it still stirs up powerful emotions among descendants of the Dakota and white settlers who experienced this tragedy. Hundreds of people lost their lives in just over a month of fighting in 1862. By the time the year was over, thirty-eight Dakota men had been hanged in the largest mass execution in United States history. Not long afterwards, the United States abrogated its treaties with the Dakota, confiscated their reservations along the Minnesota River, and forced most of the Dakota to remove westward. While dozens of books and articles have been written about these events, scholars have largely ignored an important legal development that occurred in Minnesota during the following summer. The inneM sota Adjutant General, at the direction of Minnesota Governors Alexander Ramsey and Henry Swift, issued a series of orders offering rewards for the killing of Dakota men found within the State.
    [Show full text]
  • Pianos in Early Minnesota
    MR. HOLMQUIST, a resident of St. Paul, operates a piano tuning and rebuilding business. He here combines his knowledge of these instruments with a strong interest in Minnesota history. of th Fi®m@@f i Pianos in Early Minnesota DONALD C. HOLMQUIST FORT SNELLING, situated high on a bluff been among his most valued possessions. overlooking the confluence of the Minnesota The English diarist Samuel Pepys noted this and Mississippi rivers, was responsible for in 1666 when he described the flight of peo­ many of Minnesota's cultural "firsts," in­ ple from the London fire and remarked that cluding the area's first known piano. At this one out of every three boats had in it a vir­ outpost of the white man's culture in what ginal (one of the many keyboard precursors was otherwise a vast expanse of wdlderness, of the piano). Similarly, in the 1820s when the wife of Captain Joseph Plympton arrived Mrs. Plympton brought the first piano to as a newlywed in 1824. The source of the Minnesota, we can assume that she did so Mississippi River would be unknown for because it was one of her most cherished another eight years and only the scattered belongings.2 posts of trappers and traders represented In the 1820s the piano was unlike the the economy of what was to become Minne­ instrument we know today. Although it had sota Territory twenty-five years later. None­ been invented in Italy in 1709 by Bartolom- theless, to the newly completed fort, then meo Cristofori, it did not become popular the northwesternmost army post in the for over fifty years.
    [Show full text]
  • H. Doc. 108-222
    OFFICERS OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH OF THE GOVERNMENT [ 1 ] EXPLANATORY NOTE A Cabinet officer is not appointed for a fixed term and does not necessarily go out of office with the President who made the appointment. While it is customary to tender one’s resignation at the time a change of administration takes place, officers remain formally at the head of their department until a successor is appointed. Subordinates acting temporarily as heads of departments are not con- sidered Cabinet officers, and in the earlier period of the Nation’s history not all Cabinet officers were heads of executive departments. The names of all those exercising the duties and bearing the respon- sibilities of the executive departments, together with the period of service, are incorporated in the lists that follow. The dates immediately following the names of executive officers are those upon which commis- sions were issued, unless otherwise specifically noted. Where periods of time are indicated by dates as, for instance, March 4, 1793, to March 3, 1797, both such dates are included as portions of the time period. On occasions when there was a vacancy in the Vice Presidency, the President pro tem- pore is listed as the presiding officer of the Senate. The Twentieth Amendment to the Constitution (effective Oct. 15, 1933) changed the terms of the President and Vice President to end at noon on the 20th day of January and the terms of Senators and Representatives to end at noon on the 3d day of January when the terms of their successors shall begin. [ 2 ] EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789–2005 First Administration of GEORGE WASHINGTON APRIL 30, 1789, TO MARCH 3, 1793 PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES—GEORGE WASHINGTON, of Virginia.
    [Show full text]
  • Abraham Lincoln and the Dakota War in Academic and Popular Literature
    80 Spring 2016 Abraham Lincoln and the Dakota War in Academic and Popular Literature Larry D. Mansch University of Montana The author wishes to acknowledge Dr. Kyle G. Volk, Dr. Anya Jabour, and Jeremy Smith for their guidance and assistance in preparing this article While the Civil War all but consumed Abraham Lincoln’s presidency, it did not account for all United States military action in those years. The 1860s also witnessed the beginning of the Indian Wars on the western frontier. Of these military engagements, Lincoln had the most direct involvement with the Minnesota Dakota War (sometimes called the Great Sioux Uprising or Little Crow’s War). By the summer of 1862, the Santee Sioux of Minnesota (hereinafter “Dakota”) had ceded most of their land to the United States in exchange for a narrow strip of land along the Minnesota River and the promise of annuity payments. But several years of drought and crop failures, corrupt Indian agents who cheated them out of their annuities, and mounting frustration over their vanishing way of life, became too much for many Dakota. On August 17, 1862, a group of teenaged Dakota boys murdered five settlers just outside of Acton, Minnesota. Fearful of white retaliation, the Dakota Council voted for war, and the next morning several bands of Dakota warriors, Madison Historical Review 81 led by Little Crow, attacked white settlement towns, killing, raping, and plundering indiscriminately.1 Lincoln assigned General John Pope, fresh from a startling defeat at the Second Battle of Bull Run, to put down the uprising. Pope saw the assignment as an opportunity to regain his reputation and vowed to “utterly exterminate the Sioux…They are to be treated as maniacs and wild beasts.”2 Assisted by Minnesota Governor Alexander Ramsey and militia Colonel Henry H.
    [Show full text]
  • Politics, Patronage, and Ramsey's Rise to Power, 1861-63
    A portrait of Alexander Ramsey, probably taken in the 1860s POLITICS, PATRONAGE, and Ramsey's Rise to VOWER, 1861-63 JOHN C. HAUGLAND ON APRIL 14, 1861, when news of the fall How did Ramsey, chief executive of a re­ of Fort Sumter reached Washington, Alex­ mote frontier state, come to be so oppor­ ander Ramsey, governor of the three-year- tunely in the nation's capital at the moment old state of Minnesota, hurried "in company hostilities began? The answer has more to with Senator Wilkinson and Thos. J. Gal­ do with partisan politics than with patriot­ braith and tendered to Secy. War 1000 men ism. Ramsey's trip east in April, 1861, was on behalf of Minnesota." He thus became not prompted by concern with military af­ the first governor to offer troops for federal fairs or with the crisis the nation faced in service in the Civil War — a distinction that dark month. It was but one incident in which has been widely hailed in Minnesota, an internecine struggle for control of the and which in the eyes of posterity probably Republican party in Minnesota — a contest constitutes the summit of his long career.^ which extended from January, 1861, to Janu­ ary, 1863. MR. HAUGLAND is assistout profcssor of history The election of Abraham Lincoln to the in Wisconsin State College, Superior. This ar­ ticle is adapted from his dissertation on Ram­ ^ Ramsey Diary, April 14, 1861, Ramsey Papers, sey's political career. owned by the Minnesota Historical Society. 324 MINNESOTA History presidency in November, 1860, was the spark doubt they felt reason to fear his influence that ignited the flame of secession.
    [Show full text]
  • Study Resource Guide Us Dakota War of 1862 Ramsey County
    STUDY RESOURCE GUIDE US DAKOTA WAR OF 1862 RAMSEY COUNTY www.usdakotawarmncountybycounty.com Copyright © 2012 EVENTS: battles, deaths, injuries. Background: For its first 100 years, the history of Ramsey County was, to a great extent, the history of St. Paul, the county seat and the capital of Minnesota.The land north of the small settlement of St. Paul, which at the time stretched between upper and lower steamboat landings on the Mississippi River, was open land dotted with small lakes and clumps of trees, laced with streams and crisscrossed by wagon roads that often followed trails used earlier by bands of Sioux and Ojibway traveling through the area. A military road extended north from Fort Snelling along what is now Snelling Ave. Territorial Road ran roughly parallel to present-day I-94, linking St. Paul with the village of St. Anthony at St. Anthony Falls. Several Red River ox cart trails crossed what is now the Midway area, again linking St. Anthony with St. Paul. The area that is now St. Paul had Mdewakanton Dakota living there from the late 17th century to 1837, when the area was opened for settlement by the Treaty of 1837; Dakota groups such as Little Crow V and his people moved down river to Kaposia. Fur traders, missionaries and explorers were attraced to the area because of Fort Snelling, which was established in 1819. Early settlement developed around Lamberts Landing as a trading center and grew as a shipping and transportation center supplying nearby Fort Snelling and serving as a transit way for incoming settlers.
    [Show full text]
  • I Could Not Afford to Hang Men for Votes—Lincoln the Lawyer, Humanitarian Concerns, and the Dakota Pardons Paul Finkelman
    William Mitchell Law Review Volume 39 | Issue 2 Article 2 2013 I Could not Afford to Hang Men for Votes—Lincoln the Lawyer, Humanitarian Concerns, and the Dakota Pardons Paul Finkelman Follow this and additional works at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/wmlr Recommended Citation Finkelman, Paul (2013) "I Could not Afford to Hang Men for Votes—Lincoln the Lawyer, Humanitarian Concerns, and the Dakota Pardons," William Mitchell Law Review: Vol. 39: Iss. 2, Article 2. Available at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/wmlr/vol39/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews and Journals at Mitchell Hamline Open Access. It has been accepted for inclusion in William Mitchell Law Review by an authorized administrator of Mitchell Hamline Open Access. For more information, please contact [email protected]. © Mitchell Hamline School of Law Finkelman: I Could not Afford to Hang Men for Votes—Lincoln the Lawyer, Huma “I COULD NOT AFFORD TO HANG MEN FOR VOTES.”1 LINCOLN THE LAWYER, HUMANITARIAN CONCERNS, AND THE DAKOTA PARDONS Paul Finkelman† I. POLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND THE PARDON ISSUE .......... 409 II. WHAT WE CALL THE CONFLICT, AND WHY THAT MATTERS ................................................................................ 414 III. WHAT CAUSED THE CONFLICT? ............................................. 419 IV. THE POLITICS OF THE CONFLICT ........................................... 422 V. THE TRIALS ............................................................................ 424 VI. THE ADMINISTRATION AND THE DAKOTA TRIALS .................. 433 VII. LIEBER, THE LAW OF WAR, AND THE DAKOTA ....................... 440 VIII. “I COULD NOT AFFORD TO HANG MEN FOR VOTES.” ............ 443 † President William McKinley Distinguished Professor of Law and Public Policy, Albany Law School and Senior Fellow in the Government Law Center, Albany Law School.
    [Show full text]
  • [Table 7-6] CABINET NOMINATIONS, Since 1789 President/ Position
    [Table 7-6] CABINET NOMINATIONS, Since 1789 President/ Position Date of Confirmation Nominee Nomination 1 or Other Action 2 WASHINGTON_________________________________________________________________________ Edmund Randolph Attorney General Sept. 25, 1789 Sept. 26, 1789 William Bradford Attorney General Jan. 24, 1794 Jan. 27, 1794 Charles Lee Attorney General Dec. 9, 1795 Dec. 10, 1795 Samuel Osgood Postmaster General Sept. 25, 1789 Sept. 26, 1789 Timothy Pickering Postmaster General Nov. 1, 1789 Nov. 7, 1789 Joseph Habersham Postmaster General Feb. 24, 1795 Feb. 25, 1795 Thomas Jefferson State Sept. 25, 1789 Sept. 26, 1789 Edmund Randolph State Jan. 1, 1794 Jan. 2, 1794 Timothy Pickering State Dec. 9, 1795 Dec. 10, 1795 Alexander Hamilton Treasury Sept. 11, 1789 Sept. 11, 1789 Oliver Wolcott, Jr. Treasury Feb. 2, 1795 Feb. 3, 1795 Henry Knox War Sept. 11, 1789 Sept. 12, 1789 Timothy Pickering War Jan. 2, 1795 Jan. 2, 1795 James McHenry War Jan. 26, 1796 Jan. 27, 1796 Total Cabinet nominations = 14 ADAMS________________________________________________________________________________ Charles Lee Attorney General continued * [Theophilus Parsons Attorney General Feb. 18, 1801 Feb. 20, 1801 D] Benjamin Stoddert Navy May 18, 1798 May 21, 1798 Joseph Habersham Postmaster General continued * Timothy Pickering State continued * John Marshall State May 12, 1800 May 13, 1800 Oliver Wolcott, Jr. Treasury continued * Samuel Dexter Treasury Dec. 30, 1800 Dec. 31, 1800 James McHenry War continued * Samuel Dexter War May 12, 1800 May 13, 1800 [Lucius Stockton War Jan. 15, 1801 Jan. 29, 1801 W] Roger Griswold War Jan. 29, 1801 Feb. 3, 1801 25-5 Total Cabinet nominations =7 JEFFERSON____________________________________________________________________________ Levi Lincoln Attorney General Mar. 5, 1801 Mar.
    [Show full text]