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Data Collection Survey on the Observation Capacity of Earthquakes and Tsunami in Central America

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Data Collection Survey on the Observation Capacity of Earthquakes and Tsunami in Central America DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON THE OBSERVATION CAPACITY OF EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMI IN CENTRAL AMERICA FINAL REPORT MARCH 2015 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS GLOBAL CO., LTD. JAPAN METEOROLOGICAL 中南 BUSINESS SUPPORT CENTER JR 15-012 DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON THE OBSERVATION CAPACITY OF EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMI IN CENTRAL AMERICA FINAL REPORT MARCH 2015 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS GLOBAL CO., LTD. JAPAN METEOROLOGICAL BUSINESS SUPPORT CENTER CONTENTS 1. Summary of the Survey ............................................................................................ 1 1.1. Background of the Survey ............................................................................................ 1 1.2. Purpose of the Survey ................................................................................................... 1 1.3. Subject Organization of Investigation ......................................................................... 2 1.4. Member of JICA Expert Team ...................................................................................... 3 1.5. Schedule ........................................................................................................................ 3 2. Situation of Disaster Prevention System and Measures for Earthquake-Tsunami on the Central American Region ................................................................................... 7 2.1. Nicaragua ...................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1. Basic Information ..................................................................................................... 7 2.1.2. Policy, Planning and Organization of Disaster Management ................................ 9 2.1.3. Earthquake Observation and Disaster Prevention .............................................. 13 2.1.4. Tsunami-Monitoring and Tsunamis-Disaster prevention efforts ........................ 30 2.1.5. Situation of Cooperation of JICA and Donors ...................................................... 40 2.1.6. Items to be Improved ............................................................................................. 43 2.2. El Salvador .................................................................................................................. 45 2.2.1. Basic Information ................................................................................................... 45 2.2.2. Policy, Planning and Organization of Disaster Management .............................. 47 2.2.3. Earthquake Observation and Promotion of Disaster Prevention ....................... 51 2.2.4. Tsunami-Monitoring and Tsunamis-Disaster prevention efforts ........................ 59 2.2.5. Situation of Cooperation of JICA and Donors ...................................................... 67 2.2.6. Items to be Improved ............................................................................................. 70 2.3. Guatemala ................................................................................................................... 72 2.3.1. Basic Information ................................................................................................... 72 2.3.2. Policy, Planning and Organization of Disaster Management .............................. 74 2.3.3. Earthquake Observation and Promotion of Disaster Prevention ....................... 78 2.3.4. Tsunami-Monitoring and Tsunamis-Disaster Prevention Efforts ....................... 84 2.3.5. Situation of Cooperation of JICA and Donors ...................................................... 92 2.3.6. Items to be Improved ............................................................................................. 94 2.4. Costa Rica .................................................................................................................... 96 2.4.1. Basic Information ................................................................................................... 96 2.4.2. Policy, Planning and Organization of Disaster Management .............................. 97 2.4.3. Earthquake Observation and Promotion of Disaster Prevention ..................... 100 2.4.4. Tsunami-Monitoring and Tsunamis-Disaster prevention efforts ..................... 109 2.4.5. Situation of Cooperation of JICA and Donors ..................................................... 116 2.4.6. Items to be Improved ...........................................................................................117 2.5. Panama ...................................................................................................................... 119 2.5.1. Basic Information .................................................................................................119 2.5.2. Policy, Planning and Organization of Disaster Management ........................... 120 2.5.3. Earthquake Observation and Promotion of Disaster Prevention ..................... 123 2.5.4. Tsunami Monitoring and Tsunami Disaster Prevention Efforts ...................... 130 2.5.5. Situation of Cooperation of JICA and Donors .................................................... 135 2.5.6. Items to be Improved .......................................................................................... 136 2.6. Honduras .................................................................................................................. 139 2.6.1. Basic Information ................................................................................................ 139 2.6.2. Policy, Planning and Organization of Disaster Management ........................... 140 2.6.3. Earthquake Observation and Promotion of Disaster Prevention ..................... 143 2.6.4. Tsunami-Monitoring and Tsunamis-Disaster prevention efforts ..................... 148 2.6.5. Situation of Cooperation of JICA and Donors .................................................... 159 2.6.6. Items to be Improved .......................................................................................... 160 2.7. The Role of CEPREDENAC on Tsunami Alert System in the Central America ... 162 3. The Current Status of CATAC Establishment Plan and the Items to be Improved ... 165 3.1. The Progress of Consideration on CATAC in UNESCO/IOC- ICG/PTWS ............ 165 3.2. Outline of Duties of CATAC Assumed and Cooperation System with Relevant Countries .................................................................................................................. 166 3.3. Management Policies of INETER for CATAC, its Organizational Structure, and its Development Status of Tsunami Warning Issuance Criteria ........................... 169 3.4. Plans on Fostering Human Resources for Relevant Countries for the Management of CATAC............................................................................................ 169 3.5. Items to be Improved in the Management of CATAC and its Technical Capacity 169 3.5.1. Items to be handled in short term ...................................................................... 169 3.5.2. Items to be handled in Medium- and Long-term ............................................... 172 3.6. CATAC Approval Process ......................................................................................... 172 4. Items to be improved in the Disaster Prevention System of the Six Countries of Central America .................................................................................................. 175 5. The Direction for Future Cooperation ................................................................... 177 5.1. A proposal on the Contents of Cooperation for Capacity Development of the Analysis for Earthquakes and Tsunami, and the Alert Dissemination of CATAC 177 5.1.1. The review of the Direction of Cooperation with CATAC .................................. 177 5.1.2. Contents of Support for the Establishment of CATAC ...................................... 180 5.2. A proposal on the Contents of Cooperation for Capacity Development of the Analysis for Earthquakes and Tsunami of El Salvador .......................................... 182 List of collected materials Appendix 1: Summary Chart of the Current Situation of the Six Countries of Central America ........................................................................................... A1-1 Appendix 2; Assessment of Components for Cooperation ............................................... A2-1 Appendix 3; Flow of Earthquake and Tsunami Information in Central America .......... A3-1 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.5.1 Map Showing Visited Place in Central America .............................................. 5 Figure 2.1.1 Tectonic map of Central America ...................................................................... 8 Figure 2.1.2 Epicenter of major earthquakes on the history of Nicaragua ........................ 8 Figure 2.1.3 Structure of Relevant Organization of Disaster Prevention (Nicaragua) .... 10 Figure 2.1.4 Organization Chart of INETER ...................................................................... 10 Figure 2.1.5 Organization Chart of Co-Direcciones de SINAPRED .................................. 11 Figure 2.1.6 Staff Number of Earthquake Section, INETER ............................................. 13 Figure 2.1.7 Seismometer Types and their application ...................................................... 15 Figure 2.1.8 Seismometers of Nicaragua in 1975 ..............................................................
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