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Cartech Guide.9.29.03BLK 2009 Guide to Selecting Carpenter Specialty Alloys CARPENTER: A LEADING PRODUCER AND SUPPLIER OF SPECIALTY ALLOYS For more than a century, Carpenter’s high-performance specialty alloys have been meeting the difficult challenges of advancing technologies. Carpenter is around you every day. You’ll find that these high-performance materials have been used in jet engines, automotive components, high-definition televisions, medical implants and instruments, and many other demanding applications. Carpenter serves the aerospace, automotive, consumer products, defense, energy, industrial and medical markets. Carpenter manufactures hundreds of grades of specialty cast-wrought and powder metallurgy alloys including stainless steels, high temperature (nickel-, iron- and cobalt-base) alloys, high strength steels, magnetic and controlled expansion alloys, tool steels and other special purpose alloys. As a result, Carpenter can offer specialty alloy users many unique advan - tages—from skilled sales, service and technical professionals to 24/7 access to technical data at www.cartech.com to outstanding quality and reliable delivery—wherever and whenever you need high-quality specialty alloys. In this book, select from stainless steels, superior corrosion-resistant alloys, high-temperature alloys, magnetic and controlled-expansion alloys, tool and die steels and many other special purpose grades. Carpenter alloys are available in a variety of product forms, including bar, rod, wire, fine wire and ribbon, strip, plate, special shapes, hollow bar and billet. Get instant access to technical data covering Carpenter’s wide range of specialty alloys from anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day, at www.cartech.com. Click on Tech Center. Registration is easy, fast and free. 1-A GUIDE TO SELECTING CARPENTER SPECIALTY ALLOYS CONTENTS STAINLESS STEELS MAGNETIC, CONTROLLED EXPANSION AND ELECTRONIC ALLOYS Ease of Selection .............................................................................................. 2 Soft Magnetic Iron Alloys .............................................................................. 27 Standard Grades ............................................................................................... 4 Soft Magnetic Silicon-Iron Alloys .................................................................. 27 Super-Clean Quality (SCQ) Grades .................................................................... 5 Soft Magnetic Chromium-Iron (Ferritic Stainless) Alloys ............................... 28 Machining Grades ............................................................................................. 5 Soft Magnetic Nickel-Iron Alloys ................................................................... 29 Heading Grades ................................................................................................ 7 Soft Magnetic Cobalt-Iron Alloys ................................................................... 30 Heat Resisting Grades ...................................................................................... 9 Semi-Hard and Hard Magnetic Alloys ............................................................ 31 High Strength Grades Controlled Expansion and Glass Sealing Alloys ............................................. 31 Conventionally-Hardened Grades .............................................................. 9 Carburizing Grades .................................................................................. 11 RESISTANCE ALLOYS ............................................................................................ 34 Nitrogen-Strengthened Grades ............................................................... 11 HEATING ELEMENT ALLOYS ................................................................................. 35 Precipitation-Hardenable Grades ............................................................ 13 Borated Stainless Steels ................................................................................ 38 THERMOCOUPLE ALLOYS ...................................................................................... 36 HIGH-NICKEL ALLOYS ........................................................................................... 37 SUPERIOR CORROSION RESISTANT ALLOYS ........................................................ 14 BORATED STAINLESS STEELS ............................................................................... 38 MEDICAL ALLOYS .................................................................................................. 17 REINFORCING BAR ALLOYS ................................................................................... 19 TOOL AND DIE STEELS Micro-Melt ® High Speed Steels .................................................................... 38 AEROSPACE AND HIGH TEMPERATURE ALLOYS High Speed Steels ......................................................................................... 39 Temperatures to 750°F (399°C) ....................................................................... 19 Ultrahigh Combined Strength and Toughness Tooling Alloy .......................... 40 Temperatures 750–1000°F (399–538°C) ........................................................ 20 Micro-Melt Cold Work Tool Steels ................................................................ 40 Temperatures 1000–1250°F (539–677°C) ...................................................... 20 Micro-Melt Corrosion and Wear Resistant Cold Work Tool Steels .............. 41 Temperatures 1250–1500°F (677–816°C) ...................................................... 22 Cold Work Tool Steels .................................................................................... 41 Temperatures above 1500°F (816°C) ............................................................. 23 Hot Work Die Steels ...................................................................................... 42 Mold Steels .................................................................................................... 43 BEARING ALLOYS .................................................................................................. 23 APPENDIX NICKEL-COPPER ALLOYS ...................................................................................... 24 Corrosion Control ............................................................................................ 52 HIGH-STRENGTH ALLOYS ...................................................................................... 24 Magnetic Properties of Stainless Steels ........................................................ 54 GEAR ALLOYS ........................................................................................................ 25 Fabricating Carpenter Stainless Steels .......................................................... 55 VALVE ALLOYS ....................................................................................................... 26 Index ..................................................................................................................... 44 The information and data presented herein are typical or average values and are not a guarantee of Quality systems are approved to ISO 9001:2000 standards. maximum or minimum values. Applications specifically suggested for material described herein are made solely for the purpose of illustration to enable the reader to make his/her own evaluation and Unless otherwise specified, registered trademarks are property of CRS Holdings, Inc., are not intended as warranties, either express or implied, of fitness for these or other purposes. a subsidiary of Carpenter Technology Corporation. Copyright 2009 CRS Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Printed in U.S.A. 7-09 /5M 1-B EASE OF SELECTION EASE OF SELECTION Evaluate these five key factors before choosing 4. Valu e/Cost — The overall value/cost can be a time-consuming and frustrating a stainless alloy for a specific application. analysis of the material involves material cost, experience. That’s why Carpenter developed processing cost, added product value and its exclusive Selectaloy ® method to help 1. Corrosion Resistance — The primary effective life of the finished product, among you with the selection process. driver for specifying a stainless steel. others. All these considerations play important Basically, candidate materials must resist The Selectaloy chart can help you identify roles in evaluating cost/value and should be corrosion in the service environment. a stainless steel for a variety of applications. considered for cost-effective design. The diagram organizes alloys by the combination 2. Mechanical Properties — Along with 5. Product Availability — Availability of the of corrosion resistance and strength. For example, alloy strength, consider hardness, fatigue, material and minimum purchase requirements suppose you are using Type 304 stainless, but you impact and stress-rupture properties. are also a consideration in choosing material require more corrosion resistance at that same Together with corrosion resistance, the for your application. strength level. Simply move up to Type 316 stain - mechanical properties often indicate the less. A move over from Type 304 to Custom 450 ® specific alloy type for the application. More detailed information on corrosion is stainless increases strength while maintaining available in Carpenter’s Alloys For Corrosive 3. Fabrication Operation — Material comparable corrosion resistance. Environments booklet. processing and machining methods often If you are looking
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