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An Overview of Latest Display Technologies and Their Usage for Various Special Applications Journal of Radio and Television Broadcast Volume 3 Issue 3 An Overview of Latest Display Technologies and their Usage for Various Special Applications 1Dr. Vandana Khare, 2N. K. Shreyas 1Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CMR College of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad, India 1Research Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, JNT University, Hyderabad, India 2B. tech II year, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CMR College of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad, India Email: [email protected], [email protected] DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2153526 Abstract In the new world of technology, due to its volatile nature there had been immense changes in the display technology since the past few years. Now it is that when portability plays an important role, the electronic displays of various electronic devices have changed their trend from being heavy and thicker in size to more light and thin in dimensions. This significant change in the dimensions of the electronic displays is due the adoption of AMOLED and Active QLED technology. AMOLED [Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode] is a display technology used in smartphones, mobile devices, laptops and television. A Quantum Dot Display is a display device that uses Quantum dots (QD), semiconductor nanocrystals which can produce pure monochromatic red, green, and blue light. Hence, with the use of these display technologies the manufacturing and usage of flexible and foldable electronic displays have come into existence with low power consumption and low cost, brighter colors with wide color gamut. Also by using this AMOLED and AQLED technology in the latest electronic displays, it is possible to control each and every pixel of the particular display so that, the possibility of manipulating the saturation, brightness, contrast and especially sharpness of the image or the picture increases. But still implementation of AQLED (Active Quantum Dot Display Light Emitting Diode) display is under Research and development process as there are various aspects like optimization and implementation with existing display technologies. This paper proposes a brief idea about the latest display technologies i.e., AMOLED & AQLED and their special applications in various contemporary devices and its possible usage in various other fields in modern devices. Keywords: AMOLED, OLED, AQLED, QLED, TFT, HOMO, LUMO. INTRODUCTION second one to provide a voltage source at The term AMOLED stands for Active the level needed to create a constant Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode. As current to the pixel, thereby eliminating the name suggests this technology is the need for the very high currents dependent on its parent technology i.e. required for passive-matrix OLED OLED which uses matrix of pixels which operation. This feature has made the are deposited on TFT layer by which possibility of adjusting the brightness control of current through each individual levels, contrast levels, etc., at the pixel pixel can be achieved. The TFT works as level. series of switches for completing this job. One TFT is used to start and stop the Coming to the 2nd part of display charging of a storage capacitor and the technology i.e. AQLED which stands 14 Page 14-23 © MAT Journals 2018. All Rights Reserved Journal of Radio and Television Broadcast Volume 3 Issue 3 Active Quantum Light Emitting Diode is mass production of AMOLED TV. With also one of the latest and upcoming trends the aid of certain Auxiliary technologies of display technologies. In these manufacturing of AMOLED T.V’s are technology nano crystals of semiconductor also taken into view. which serve as quantum dots helps in The authors Moon Kee Choi, Jiwoong conversion of back light into pure mono Yang, Taeghwan Hyeon & Dae-Hyeong chromatic light of red, blue and green. The Kim in their publication “Flexible difference between AQLED and quantum dot light-emitting diodes for AMOLED is that AMOLED possess self- next-generation displays”, in the year luminescence feature but the latter possess 2018 discuss about the QLED technology electro luminescence dependent feature i.e. and future scope of QLED in it depends on the backlight for production implementing flexible displays. In of display contrast with various other display technologies the AQLEDS have their In this paper, the details about the upper hand when it comes to various AMOLED technology under the electronic technical parameters such as brightness, display technologies are discussed and a wide colour gamut, low voltage brief introduction to operation of these consumption and ultrathin dimensions. display units is mentioned. The rest of the As mentioned by the authors many issues paper is organized as follows: Section II like cutting edge quantum dot gives the details about the related work. technology, flexible and wearable QLED The detail about the existing technology in and colour patterning are discussed. electronic displays is mentioned in Section III. The complete details about the EXISTING TECHNOLOGY proposed display technology are illustrated The following are few display in section IV. Next, Section V gives the technologies used: conclusions and future scope of this 1. Cathode ray tube display (CRT) modern technology. 2. Light emitting Diode (LED) 3. Electroluminescent display (ELD) RELATED WORK 4. Plasma Display Panel (PDP) The authors Jong hyuk Lee, Hye Dong 5. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Kim, Chang Ho Lee, Hyun-Joong Chung, 6. High performance Addressing Display Sung Chul Kim and Sang Soo Kim in their (HPA) publication “The Technological Trends 7. Digital Light Processing Display of Future AMOLED” ,in the year 2009 (DLP) from Technology Center, Samsung Mobile 8. Field emission display (FED) etc., Display Co, LTD ,review the technological trends for the future AMOLED ,especially Introduction of each individual display the unique applications to small and technology medium sized displays as well as large CRT (CATHODE RAY TUBE) Display sized AMOLED TV. The unique The cathode ray tube display uses vacuum characteristics of AMOLED enable paper tube, phosphorescent screen and electron thin, foldable, bendable and transparent guns for the purpose of display. The CRT displays which the other display was basically used in oscilloscopes, old technology can’t easily realize. For large television’s etc. By controlling the sized AMOLED TV, TFT backplane, color electron beam intensity which is emitted patterning and encapsulation are the key from electron gun the image can be technological issues and the new produced, these beams are influenced the technologies should be developed for the magnetic deflection which is one of the 15 Page 14-23 © MAT Journals 2018. All Rights Reserved Journal of Radio and Television Broadcast Volume 3 Issue 3 consequences of magnetic field around video signal and refreshes the image by electronics circuits. modulating the frequency making it the high responsive rate display technology LED (LIGHT EMITTING DIODE) which can produce to a 16 million colours. DISPLAY This phenomenon is referred to as “multi The LED display is one of the commonly line addressing”. used electronic displays where in the light emitting diodes act as pixels to laminate THIN FILM TRANSISTOR (TFT) various colors of light. The LED consumes In the TFT (Thin Film Transistor) which is less power for illumination of the pixels in a kind of an FET (Field effect transistor) order to display the image. Thus they are widely used in sign boards, Stage lighting, made by deposition of layers semi- T.V displays, Etc., conductors and di electric over a substrate. The substrate is generally made out of ELECTRO-LUMINESCENT glass but in other transistors the semi- DISPLAY (ELD) conductor material itself acts as substrate. In this display technology electro The TFT generally serves as series of luminescent material like gallium arsenide switches for making the light produced is sand witched between 2 layers of from the active region of semi-conductor conducting material which upon electrical on or off. activation produces light. ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING PLASMA DISPLAY (PLD) DIODE (OLED) The plasmas are the electrically charged In the organic light emitting diode, the ionized gases which upon electrical electro luminescent layer is made using an activation produce visible light making it organic compound through which the light possible to use it in the displays. These is emitted with the application of electric ionised gases are placed in small cell like current. The organic compound is placed structures. between 2 electrodes with one electrode made completely transparent. The OLED LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD) The Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is one has been helping factor for development of of the flat panels’ displays which are next generation display technologies such dependent on back light to produce as AMOLED. OLED’ S are basically used images. The LCD’s are used widely in 7 in T.V, mobile display, Etc. segment displays, displays of digital clock and computer screen displays, etc. The PROPOSED AMOLED & AQLED LCD displays are the successor of the old DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES CRT displays hence, reducing the INTRODUCTION to AMOLED dimensions both in appearance and weight. Before having an overview about LCD’s have more advantage over CRT AMOLED and AMQLED displays, it is displays with low possibility of image mandatory to have some basic information burn- in. They consume less power and its parent display technology
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