DOCSLIB.ORG

20130218 IEEE GHN Milestone Sharp 14In. TFT-LCD 1988 General Description-10.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
20130218 IEEE GHN Milestone Sharp 14In. TFT-LCD 1988 General Description-10.Pdf 20130218_IEEE_GHN_milestone_Sharp_14in. TFT-LCD 1988 Milestone-Proposal: Sharp 14-inch thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT-LCD) for TV, which has ushered in TFT LCD industry Title of the proposed milestone: Sharp 14-inch Thin-Film-Transistor Liquid-Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) for TV, 1988 Plaque citation summarizing the achievement and its significance: 69 words. Sharp demonstrated a fourteen-inch TFT-LCD for TV in 1988 when the display size of the mass-produced TFT-LCD was three inches. The high display quality in Cathode Ray Tube size convinced other electronic companies to join the infant TFT-LCD industry aimed at emerging full-color portable PCs. Two decades later, TFT-LCDs replaced CRTs, making the vision of RCA's LCD group in the 1960s a reality. What is the historical significance of the work (its technological, scientific, or social importance)? It showed that an ideal display, namely, a flat, low-power, light-weight, CRT-sized full-color video display ,which could be used also in high ambient light, is technologically feasible, and that is exactly what had been long waited for to be used in an emerging information age since LCD was press-released in 1968 by RCA. Technologically, it showed: 1. a-Si-TFT could be used for CRT size display. 2. Color TFT-LCD could maintain good display quality even in high ambient light. 3. A large mother glass scheme could work for a-Si-TFT-LCD, which was proved by the high display uniformity across the entire display area. The mother glass 300mm x 320mm was the very forerunner of the mother glass generation competition which started around 1990, 2 years after Sharp 14-in. full color TFT-LCD was demonstrated. What obstacles (technical, political, geographic) needed to be overcome? Ⅰ. Technology wise: At the time when a mere small 3-in. a-Si-TFT-LCD production was just started with poor yield, unstable and far-from-being-matured production equipment, small output capacity drivers, engineers had to prepare line-defect free TFT-LCD panels with high display quality, meaning large contrast ratio, high color saturation with high uniformity, and they made a precise electrical and physical system analysis and designing and devised redundant pixel and bus line schemes, and employed normally-white LCD operation mode, which was first employed in 3-in. TFT-LCD panel, and developed the TFT-LCD panel and its driving scheme to achieve higher contrast ratio, better gray scale and full-color rendition, wider tolerance in temperature and cell-gap variations, leading higher display uniformity across the entire large display area, than normally-black mode could achieve in those days. Ⅱ. Organization management wise: Sharp's first application of TFT-LCD was television which is supposed to be exposed to "critical" consumers 3-5 hours everyday for more than 10 years. So, from the very beginning of development project started in April 1984, TV business group, who understand the market, located in Yaita-shi, Tochigi-ken, and TFT-LCD research group located in Tenri-shi, Nara-ken, worked closely; even though, two places are about 600km apart. TV group, headed by Magohiro ARAMOTO, whose leading member was Masakazu YAMAMOTO, joined by Shuhji KOHZAI later on, showed the clear target specifications and pointed out critical display quality factors to be improved, and also transferred TV evaluation methods to TFT-LCD research group; TFT-LCD research group, headed by Masataka MATUURA, whose leading members were Funada FUMIAKI, with Yutaka ISHII as sub-leader, for LC material and operation mode and acting deputy to Matsuura, Kohzo YANO for TFT process, Hiroshi TAKE for system designing of TFT, LCD panel and driving circuitry, and evaluation of TFT-LCD as an integrated system, achieved and acquired them. In the production project started in November 1985, LCD business group, headed by Mitsuo ISHII, located in Yamato-Kohriyama-shi, Nara-ken, joined the project, bringing in LCD panel production technology including large mother glass handling know-hows, and, the thin-film solar battery group, headed by Toshio TAKEMOTO, located in Shinjoh-shi, Nara-ken, was also incorporated into ISHII's group, afterward, bringing in amorphous-Silicon(a-Si) thin-film solar-cell mass-production technology whose basics are similar to those of a-Si TFT. In the Japanese Consumer Electronics Show, October 1986, the production project demonstrated 3-inch TFT-LCD TV which employed a normally-white LCD operation mode. The mechanical design of the 3-inch TFT-LCD module mounted on the demonstrated TV was done by Kenichi UKAI who joined the project June 1986 from Electronic Component Business Division, whose main products included miniaturized electronic TV tuners, located in Osaka-shi, Osaka-fu. The world-first TFT-LCD factory with large mother glass 300mmx320mm was build in the precinct of Research and Development Group, located in Tenri-shi, Nara-ken, toward the end of 1986, near the Central Research Laboratories TFT-LCD research group belonged to. April 1987, YANO and TAKE of TFT-LCD research group moved to LCD Business Division whose general manager was Isamu WASHIZUKA, to be the technology and engineering core members of the newly-created The 3rd Production Department which had all the essential functions to execute TFT-LCD business, such as TFT-LCD process engineering, electronics and mechanical engineerings, administration, and production, irregularly incorporated with Mitsuo ISHII as general manager. The 1st Sharp LC-TV "3C-E1" with 3-inch TFT-LCD, display dot 384Hx240V in a triangle arrangement, was put on the martket June 1987, half a year later than originally scheduled; the TFT-LCD production yield was miserable, though. In one of meetings held everyday in the evening to improve production yield of 3-inch TFT-LCD panel, Washizuka gave an additional mission to look into the future, and to search for TFT-LCD technology capability for TV, and instigated young engineers to study and propose larger display prototype development plans without giving any clear target size numbers and time frames. Around middle of 1987, a voluntary project team was set up, headed by Mitsuo ISHII, whose leading members were Toshio AKAI for product planning, Kohzo YANO for TFT-LCD process and Hiroshi TAKE for electronics and system. Numbers of panels with the aspect ratio of 4:3 for TV, prepared on a rectangular mother glass substrate, change stepwise. The study showed the mother glass 300mmx320mm could accommodate four 6.6-in. panels, two 8.9-in. panels, and one 14-in. panel. The project team almost reached a consensus to adopt 8.9-in. size for a challenging target: 6.6-in. seemed to give only a small impact; 14-in. seemed to be too risky to get good panels, meaning with high display uniformity across the entire display area, no-line defects and acceptable dot defects by infant technology and equipment. TAKE made a phone call to Magohiro ARAMOTO, general manager of TV Division, and had guided the TFT-LCD development project to improve display quality for TV, to try to understand the TV market, and asked ARAMOTO what would be the minimum size of TFT-LCD to be widely used by people. ARAMOTO’s right-away answer was 14-in. as 14-inch CRT TV was mass-produced in the largest number in the Japanese consumer market in those days. TAKE, evaluation and characterization research engineer by background, knew the difficulty to prepare 14-in. panel using the same process and equipment used to mass-produce 3-in. panels with poor yield, but decided to accept ARAMOTO’s number 14-in., saying to himself the possible largest size on the mother glass would show up, more clearly than smaller sizes, problems and issues TFT-LCD had to solve and tackle with to be a viable technology in TV and other markets dominated by CRTs. The panel should be compatible with NTSC/M TV system, and display dot number was decided to be 642Hx480V with available analog driver-LSI output terminal numbers taken into consideration. The trios of red, green and blue primary color dots were arranged in a triangle pattern to maximize the resolution with the limited display dot number. The target TFT-LCD panel specifications was accepted in the project team after YANO, with Hiroaki KATOH as his process designing section leader, made a thorough review of the TFT-LCD process and equipment in the 3-in.-mass-producing factory to make sure 14-in. was NOT impossible , and authorized by WASHIZUKA afterwards. The 14-inch TFT-LCD panels were prepared by using the production line whose main product was 3-inch TFT-LCD panel, and 4-inch TFT-LCD production was just started. There were a lot of fierce arguments and misunderstandings within the newly-formed production department whose members had been recruited from various departments of various business divisions of Sharp Corporation, but those were managed and solved by tightly sharing the common mission: Make TV displays for OUR TVs!: Sharp Corporation mass-produced B/W CRT-TV in 1953, 1st in Japan, under the license agreement with RCA, and had been one of the leading worldwide TV makers, but had not produced CRTs in-house; all CRTs on Sharp TVs been bought from outside. What features set this work apart from similar achievements? At the very beginning of a-Si-TFT-LCD business startup, this work clearly showed a-Si-TFT-LCD have the potential to replace monster CRT in the coming information age by its superior characteristics: flatness, light-weight, small power consumption, high saturation full-color rendition, high readability in high ambient light, realized on the 14-in. display size, the most dominant size in the contemporary market by using the technology which was developed to mass-produce twenty 3-in.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ISA - EPIC/PIDA Online Technology Meeting On
    ISA - EPIC/PIDA Online Technology Meeting on Mini/Micro LED March 25th, 2021 Time: 16:00-19:00 (Beijing Time) (25 March 9:00–12:00 CET) online events @ Zoom platform link: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/81348588620?pwd=dUNUeEZBWXZJS05yL3VCR0FVNDg2UT09 Meeting ID: 813 4858 8620 Password: 029869 Simultaneous interpretation will be provided Micro -LED will bring interruptive changes to many fields such as wearable/implantable optoelectronic devices, light communication/light interconnection, medical treatment, smart car lights, spatial imaging and so on, and become the mainstream product of the next generation of information display. In recent years, various research and development around Mini /Micro-LED manufacturing and application has been vigorously carried out, and a number of technical issues have been tackled continuously. Related applications in the fields of display, light-based data communication technology, biology and medical treatment have been gradually developed. ISA established the Micro-LED Committee in 2020, aiming promote innovation, exchange research and development results, promote the connection between upstream and downstream of this industry, wider rollout the latest applications, and contribute to form a global Mini / Micro-LED industrial chain as well as to foster a good industrial eco-system. In order to strengthen the cooperation between China and Europe in Mini /Micro-LED manufacturing, learn from each other, exchange innovation results, promote complementary industrial advantages and seek business opportunities, ISA and EPIC will jointly hold the Mini /Micro-LED Industry Development (Online) Seminar. Experts from well-known companies in China and Europe will be invited to discuss practical technical issues and share their solutions in Mini/Micro-LED manufacturing and application.
    [Show full text]
  • Flat Panel Displays in Perspective
    Flat Panel Displays in Perspective September 1995 OTA-ITC-631 GPO stock #052-003-01438-6 Cover Photo Credit: Plasmaco, Inc. Recommended Citation: U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Flat Panel Displays in Perspective, OTA-ITC-631 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, September 1995). oreword lat panel displays (FPDs) are increasingly important in this informa- tion-intensive era. Compared with the cathode ray tube used in televi- sions, FPDs are thin, lightweight, and power efficient. These displays have enabled the development of portable computers and commu- nication devices. Applications in automobiles and offices will increase, and FPDs may eventually result in the fabled television-on-the-wall. FPDs repre- sent a large and rapidly growing industry worldwide, and are expanding into an increasingly diverse set of systems. American companies and researchers have made many of the key innovations in FPDs, but U.S. firms hold a very small share of the world market. Some observers have called for government intervention to strengthen the U.S. industry. One area of concern—access to displays for military use—has driven recent federal support for FPDs. Flat Panel Displays in Perspective examines the potential benefits of a do- mestic, high-volume, FPD industry for the nation, and evaluates the role of government policies in developing it. The report concludes that such an in- dustry would provide both economic and national security benefits. The ex- tent of these benefits is difficult to determine, however, largely because trends in technology development and industry structure are resulting in more displays at declining prices.
    [Show full text]
  • An Overview of Latest Display Technologies and Their Usage for Various Special Applications
    Journal of Radio and Television Broadcast Volume 3 Issue 3 An Overview of Latest Display Technologies and their Usage for Various Special Applications 1Dr. Vandana Khare, 2N. K. Shreyas 1Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CMR College of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad, India 1Research Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, JNT University, Hyderabad, India 2B. tech II year, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CMR College of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad, India Email: [email protected], [email protected] DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2153526 Abstract In the new world of technology, due to its volatile nature there had been immense changes in the display technology since the past few years. Now it is that when portability plays an important role, the electronic displays of various electronic devices have changed their trend from being heavy and thicker in size to more light and thin in dimensions. This significant change in the dimensions of the electronic displays is due the adoption of AMOLED and Active QLED technology. AMOLED [Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode] is a display technology used in smartphones, mobile devices, laptops and television. A Quantum Dot Display is a display device that uses Quantum dots (QD), semiconductor nanocrystals which can produce pure monochromatic red, green, and blue light. Hence, with the use of these display technologies the manufacturing and usage of flexible and foldable electronic displays have come into existence with low power consumption and low cost, brighter colors with wide color gamut. Also by using this AMOLED and AQLED technology in the latest electronic displays, it is possible to control each and every pixel of the particular display so that, the possibility of manipulating the saturation, brightness, contrast and especially sharpness of the image or the picture increases.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review and Selective Analysis of 3D Display Technologies for Anatomical Education
    University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2018 A Review and Selective Analysis of 3D Display Technologies for Anatomical Education Matthew Hackett University of Central Florida Part of the Anatomy Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Doctoral Dissertation (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Hackett, Matthew, "A Review and Selective Analysis of 3D Display Technologies for Anatomical Education" (2018). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 6408. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/6408 A REVIEW AND SELECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 3D DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES FOR ANATOMICAL EDUCATION by: MATTHEW G. HACKETT BSE University of Central Florida 2007, MSE University of Florida 2009, MS University of Central Florida 2012 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Modeling and Simulation program in the College of Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Summer Term 2018 Major Professor: Michael Proctor ©2018 Matthew Hackett ii ABSTRACT The study of anatomy is complex and difficult for students in both graduate and undergraduate education. Researchers have attempted to improve anatomical education with the inclusion of three-dimensional visualization, with the prevailing finding that 3D is beneficial to students. However, there is limited research on the relative efficacy of different 3D modalities, including monoscopic, stereoscopic, and autostereoscopic displays.
    [Show full text]
  • Various Display Technologiess
    VARIOUS DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIESS Mr. Virat C. Gandhi1 1Computer Department, C. U. Shah Technical Institute of Diploma Studies Abstract—A lot has been invented from the past till now in regards with the display technologies. It gives an immense life to electronic device when good display technology are being used. Now a days displays are coming in various sizes for different portable devices like smart phones, tablets, smart watch, televisions, laptops etc. People are expecting better display no matter what device they use. In this paper I have given an overview of some of the past technologies to the technologies till now. Flat-panel displays use Liquid-crystal display (LCD) technology to make them much lighter and thinner when compared with a traditional monitor. A liquid crystal display consists of an array of tiny segments (called pixels) that can be manipulated to present information. Plasma panels, also called gas discharge displays, are constructed by filling the region between two glass plates with a mixture of gases that usually include neon. In LED, A matrix of diodes is arranged to form the pixel positions in the display, and picture definition is stored in refresh buffer. OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) technology relies on the organic materials. Keywords— Display Technology; LCD; LED; Flexible display; Curved display; I. INTRODUCTION In today’s smart world, people are carrying smart devices all over the places they visit. Wherever people are they are surrounded or accompanied by display devices, such as smart phones, tablets, notebooks and advertising screens. Different devices uses different display technologies to enrich devices facilities.
    [Show full text]
  • 3D Holographic Video Using Fibre Display : a Survey
    International Journal of Future Generation Communication and Networking Vol. 13, No. 2s, (2020), pp. 100–105 3D Holographic Video Using Fibre Display : A Survey Sarode Shyamli S.1, Hankare A.P.2 , Shirude Pratik V.3, Vibhute Prasad A.4 1Student of B.E, Department of E&TC, SKNCOE, SPPU,Pune 2Assistant Professor Department of E&TC, SKNCOE, SPPU, Pune 3,4Student of B.E, Department of E&TC, SKNCOE, SPPU, Pune [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Abstract In past centuries, Holographic video plotting is done using point source technology and projectors which is very costly having complex setup [1], Here we are displaying video on the pyramid shaped fibre using the python language having simple setup. Holography is nothing but upgraded level of photography and conventional film and its three-dimensional nature makes it completely new possibilities for future use. Through this project we are trying to help display products, objects, and animated sequences three-dimensionally. 3D Holography is different from conventional film on a standard screen. 3D hologram is visible from all sides, so the observer can walk around the hologram, enabling an absolutely realistic-looking image to form.A video which is to be displayed will be processed. While processing, the image will be dimensionally split in such a way that after it's reflection on the fibre, it could be seen from all sides. The dimensions of the fibre being used will be required to be aligned with that of the image for proper display. The methodology we are using in this project is Reflection Holography using Geometric Transformation [2].
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Display Technologies Focusing on Power Consumption
    Sustainability 2015, 7, 10854-10875; doi:10.3390/su70810854 OPEN ACCESS sustainability ISSN 2071-1050 www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability Review Review of Display Technologies Focusing on Power Consumption María Rodríguez Fernández 1,†, Eduardo Zalama Casanova 2,* and Ignacio González Alonso 3,† 1 Department of Systems Engineering and Automatic Control, University of Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce S/N, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Instituto de las Tecnologías Avanzadas de la Producción, University of Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce S/N, 47011 Valladolid, Spain 3 Department of Computer Science, University of Oviedo, C/González Gutiérrez Quirós, 33600 Mieres, Spain; E-Mail: [email protected] † These authors contributed equally to this work. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-659-782-534. Academic Editor: Marc A. Rosen Received: 16 June 2015 / Accepted: 4 August 2015 / Published: 11 August 2015 Abstract: This paper provides an overview of the main manufacturing technologies of displays, focusing on those with low and ultra-low levels of power consumption, which make them suitable for current societal needs. Considering the typified value obtained from the manufacturer’s specifications, four technologies—Liquid Crystal Displays, electronic paper, Organic Light-Emitting Display and Electroluminescent Displays—were selected in a first iteration. For each of them, several features, including size and brightness, were assessed in order to ascertain possible proportional relationships with the rate of consumption. To normalize the comparison between different display types, relative units such as the surface power density and the display frontal intensity efficiency were proposed.
    [Show full text]
  • Display Devices
    ELEKTRONIKOS ĮTAISAI 2009 1 DISPLAY DEVICES VGTU EF ESK [email protected] ELEKTRONIKOS ĮTAISAI 2009 2 Display devices Display devices are used for the visual presentation of information. 1. Analog display devices (cathode-ray tubes) • Oscilloscope tubes •TV CRTs 2. Digital display devices • LED (including OLED) displays • VF (vacuum fluorescent ) displays • LCD (liquid crystal) displays • Nixie tube displays and PDPs (plasma display panels) • Electroluminescent displays (ELDs) 3. Others: • Electronic paper • Using principles of nanoelectronics (carbon nanotubes, nanocrystals) • Laser TV VGTU EF ESK [email protected] ELEKTRONIKOS ĮTAISAI 2009 3 Classification of electronic information technologies with high information content; highlighted technologies are treated in this article w4.siemens.de/.../heft2_97/artikel08/index.html VGTU EF ESK [email protected] ELEKTRONIKOS ĮTAISAI 2009 4 Display devices Electronic display devices based on various principles were developed. Active display devices are based on luminescence. Luminescence is the general term used to describe the emission of electromagnetic radiation from a substance due to a non-thermal process. Luminescence occurs from a solid when it is supplied with some form of energy. Photoluminescence arises as a result of absorption of photons. In the case of cathodoluminescence material is excited by bombardment with a beam of electrons. Electroluminescence is a result of excitation from the application of an electric field. Fluorescence persists for a short lifetime of the transition between the two energy levels. Phosphorescence persists for much longer time (more than 10-8 s). Passive display devices reflect or modulate light… VGTU EF ESK [email protected] ELEKTRONIKOS ĮTAISAI 2009 5 Display devices.
    [Show full text]
  • Compatibility of Display Products with Stereoscopic Display Methods
    Compatibility of Display Products with Stereoscopic Display Methods Andrew J. Woods Centre for Marine Science & Technology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845 AUSTRALIA. ABSTRACT The “underlying technique” is usually based on a Stereoscopic Imaging is coming of age – new method of coding and decoding the multiple high-resolution stereoscopic displays and related stereoscopic views in the same light field – these stereoscopic equipment are readily available, and a can be colour, polarisation, time, and/or spatial wide range of application areas is making use of separation. Summarised below are the main stereoscopic imaging technologies. Unfortunately, stereoscopic display methods which are currently new display products are not always compatible used in commercial displays: with existing stereoscopic display methods. This paper discusses the compatibility of current display TIME-SEQUENTIAL (FIELD-SEQUENTIAL) products with various stereoscopic display In this method, left and right perspective images methods. are shown alternately (sequentially) on the same display surface. The observer wears a pair of liquid INTRODUCTION crystal shutter (LCS) 3D glasses whose lenses Many stereoscopic specific display products are switch on and off in synchronisation with the left now readily available in the marketplace. Vendors and right perspective images shown on the display include Sharp, StereoGraphics, Opticality (formerly such that the left eye only sees the left perspective X3D), SeeReal, Dimension Technologies Inc. (DTI), images and the right eye only sees the right VREX, Christie Digital, Barco, and many others. A perspective images. wide range of supporting stereoscopic compatible This method is more commonly known as ‘field- hardware and software is also readily available for sequential’ or ‘frame-sequential’ because it is a creating, transmitting, storing, and serving the sequence of fields or frames.
    [Show full text]
  • Information Display • the Journal of Data Display Technology
    whatever your computer says ... Volume9 Number6 November/December 1972 Information Display • The journal of Data Display Technology PANEL DISPLAYS I") I ') I.J \ll z ,-. "t V l -J SELF-SCAN Panel Display Subsystem, 256"Ch.aracter . 7 0 t M t ix Characters 0.25 Htgh. ~:?c~~;~~~e~ lor~at, !~ailable with all drive ele_ctronics including memory, character generator, and ttmmg. Whether it's a police officer. mapa. 1 ~o 1ca r requestingd. t s informa-for h·t t speclfymg coor ma e lion on a suspect, an arc I ~clding or a type setter verifying type plumbing fixtures m a ne;E~~-SCAN panel displays guarantee for a mall-order catalogf f data between the operator and the most accurate trans er o uter dis lay and demand the computer. If yo~ ne~d a ~o~tw the le:d of Kustom Electronics error-free commun l cat~~n~, oce Accessories Corporation (1) in Chanute, Kansas, Cle ~ i Ke boards (3) in (2) in Southport, .connectlcdu:;,:~~~ ~th:r SELF-SCAN panel Belleview, Washmgton, an salesman demonstrate his displa.y a why the SELF-SCAN panel us~rs. H~ve Bu.~r~u~'~lssee Circle Reader Service Ca rd No. 25 a bnefcaffse .t. oman/machine interface device d"teisprmmlay ~ISlm th e most e ec lve available today. Burroughs Corpora t1.on, Electronic Components Division, Burroughs Plainfield, New Jersey 07061 . (201) 757-3400. ~~ A Technology Publ ishing Corp. Publicat ion Volume9 Number6 November/December 1972 Information Display The journal of Data Display Technology The Sykes 2220 Cassette Tape Controller receives, stores and transmits data between termi­ nals and communications lines all day long.
    [Show full text]
  • Advances in Flat Panel Display Technology and Applicability to ATCS On-Board Terminals
    TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD 1314 69 Advances in Flat Panel Display Technology and Applicability to ATCS On-Board Terminals CHUCK J. KARBOWSKI, GIDEON BEN-YAACOV, AND DAVID BLASS The introduction of Advanced Train Control Systems (ATCS) to plication does not exist. Each of the available display tech­ the railroad industry changed the way operational information is nologies has some limitations with its environmental and visual communicated to locomotive crews. Voice communication can specifications. Nevertheless, flat panel display screens are now be supplemented and may eventually be replaced by data considered the most suitable display screens for locomotive communication via intelligent display terminals. Flat panel dis­ play screens are well suited for locomotive display terminals; the A TCS applications because they are ruggedized and compact. screens are compact and have the potential of being able to sustain Depending on the environmental and visual specification reliable operation in harsh environments such as those found on requirements considered by a railroad to be the most impor­ board locomotives. In choosing flat panel display screens for lo­ tant, a compatible display technology can be identified. Such comotive applications, a number of factors must be considered: a display technology will have superior capabilities with those how the various flat screen display technologies operate, what features considered most important, but also may have lim­ their technical features are, and how they respond to harsh en­ vironmental conditions. Although no perfect display screen exists itations in areas considered Jess important. for locomotive A TCS applications, a comparison of strengths and A review of the various types of flat panel display tech­ weaknesses of the various technologies currently available points nologies, with detailed feature comparisons, is given below.
    [Show full text]
  • Flat Panel Display Technologies and Domestic Firms A
    Appendix A: Flat Panel Display Technologies and Domestic Firms A any technologies are used to create flat panel displays (FPDs). Some were developed years ago and fill small market niches; others have been brought to the stage of M mass manufacturing and are now mature products; still others have yet to be commercialized, but promise superior per- formance and lower costs, compared with current technology. Nu- . merous domestic firms are pursuing FPD technologies; most are small firms that focus on one or a few display approaches, but larger firms have also expressed interest. The distinguishing char- acteristic of the domestic FPD industry is the absence of high-vol- ume manufacturing (see table A-1 for an overview of FPD technologies and domestic firms). Chapter 3 outlined three potential strategies available to do- mestic FPD firms seeking a larger role in the global industry: 1) expand niche markets using established technologies; 2) catch up to leading-edge active matrix liquid crystal display (AMLCD) production; and 3) develop new leapfrog technologies. The fol- lowing sections describe the technology choices associated with each approach, and place the activities of domestic firms into this framework. ESTABLISHED TECHNOLOGIES: LCD, EL, PLASMA Two of the oldest FPD technologies are liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and emissive displays. LCDs are the primary example of transmissive FPDs, which modulate an external light source. Emissive flat panel displays use materials that emit light when an electric field is applied, through phenomena
    [Show full text]