DOCSLIB.ORG

Application Management Services (AMS) for SAP

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Application Management Services (AMS) for SAP 1 Application Management Services (AMS) for SAP Context Many companies currently invest millions to Deloitte’s AMS for SAP specialists provides a establish evermore complex enterprise software flexible structure that enables businesses to solutions, but often leave the real value of these fine-tune application management services (AMS) solutions untapped. They succumb to the common to their IT and business objectives. Deloitte’s misconception that creating the system is an regional and global delivery network offers access end in itself; once the ribbon is cut, the benefit to the right resources, the right skill sets, and the is achieved and new needs won’t emerge. The right experience to solve our clients’ most decisions and their timing for how an enterprise important application management objectives, application will be supported have a profound anywhere in the world. We can help clients to impact on application total cost of ownership overcome challenges to improve application (TCO), risk, end-user satisfaction, and solution performance and achieve better business results. agility. At the same time, this leads to a Our full AMS lifecycle, from strategy through build, continuous rise in maintenance and support costs. operate, and innovate, gives you more from your Organizations need specific expertise, robust application portfolio investments by going beyond operating methods, and tools that seamlessly the traditional AMS for SAP model and focusing on enable work across a global team environment. business optimization and innovation, rather than just point-in-time metrics, support, and Service Level Agreements (SLA). 2 Where it matters Deloitte AMS for SAP offers a complete range of lets you optimize your cost savings, risk industry leading services, including managed mitigation, and return on investment. services advisory, enterprise resource planning, business intelligence, systems integration, and Our capabilities include: digital and managed services. This capability is underpinned by our managed service advisory • SAP Application development and function, which helps our clients to select the services-oriented architecture design optimum managed service model and successfully • Service Accelerators transition to the target state. • Sap Center of excellence, strategy, and operations design • Design-build-run SAP S/4HANA, on HANA and ECC AMS Managed Services Advisory The selection of the best-fit managed service model and vendor is critical to delivering the level of service and improvement in the provision of AMS for SAP Business Intelligence IT services that our clients require. Our Managed Creating a competitive advantage with your Service Advisory function assists our clients in information management solution takes technical selecting the optimum managed service model ability, sensitivity to business needs, and and successfully transitioning to the target state. management experience in equal measure. We offer a cost-effective way for your company to Our capabilities include: break the development paradox, advance the maturity of these critical systems, and focus on • Business case and feasibility studies creating business value. You need a robust SAP • SAP deployment and implementation business intelligence solution designed to turn your roadmap data into a strategic corporate asset. This is just • Target SAP operating model what Deloitte’s Business Intelligence Competency • Architecture design, including risk Center (BICC) provides. Drawing on proven and cost effectiveness industrial methodologies, in-depth industry • On-premises cloud or hybrid architecture knowledge, integrated delivery, and a flexible • Private or public cloud comparison resourcing model, our professionals deliver a full range of application support, solution management, business process support, data governance, and quality support services. AMS for SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Our capabilities include: Implementing an SAP enterprise resource planning (SAP ERP) platform can present unexpected • Analytics and reporting solutions challenges. Some organizations struggle to attract • Development and support for enterprise and retain the talent required to manage their data warehouses evolving ERP systems. Others spend too much of • Enterprise content management their IT budgets on ERP application maintenance • Enterprise data integration & management and support. Furthermore, others face difficulty • Master data management, data quality, building the product and business expertise they data control need to wring continuous value from their package applications. Leveraging an integrated design- build-run model, we align our resources with your core ERP strategy to streamline implementation and provide additional support as required. This 3 Application Management Services (AMS) for SAP AMS for SAP Systems Integration Digital AMS for SAP Cloud Technologies Our managed services are designed to help your Digital SAP platforms present a unique IT organization use smart, efficient ways to optimize challenge: many are client-facing, the marketplace and generate more value from application is constantly changing, technologies continually portfolios. Our Systems Integration services, evolve (Concur, Successfactors, Hybris, Ariba, specialized with the SAP Netweaver (PI/PO) are Leonardo), and the required technical skill sets are designed to deliver value throughout every phase difficult to come by. As a result, many of the application portfolio life cycle and to help organizations find themselves with a complex our clients realize their return on investment digital environment that is difficult to manage and through ongoing maintenance and operations. costly to maintain. We can help you cut through When your application management decisions are the complexity with an integrated “one-stop shop” well informed, you can accelerate implementation, digital services experience. Our digital application improve IT performance, reduce both costs and development and maintenance services specialists risks, and focus on core organizational offer the technical, functional, and design talent competencies. you need to effectively leverage today’s digital platforms. Our capabilities include: Our capabilities include: • Cross-platform custom development (RICEFW developments) • Concept, design, and build digital • Testing and migration services experiences • Authorization administration • Client and supplier relationship • Database and system administration, management including DBA centers of excellence • Digital content/web • Full system lifecycle design, development, • Internet of things and learning machine and implementation support • Mobile and web • Maintenance, operations, and enhancements 4 Application Management Services (AMS) for SAP How Deloitte can help Deloitte’s AMS for SAP capability is built on the innovation. We leverage deep SAP specialization following principles: from our industry, technical, and functional competency centers to deliver differentiated AMS • Full-lifecycle, seamless business and results to our clients. Deloitte has been a strategic technology services across core consulting partner with SAP in many different roles since and application management 1989, and is recognized by SAP as a certified • Global capabilities and footprint with local provider of AMS services. Our direct one-to-one market expertise relationships with SAP leadership help us lead the • Significant breadth and depth of capability marketplace by influencing and aligning early with with the ability to integrate commodity their product strategy and roadmap. services with high-value capabilities • The right combination of industry, Our SAP technology platforms supported are: technology, process, and full lifecycle assets integrated into our go-to-market • SAP Finance (FI, CO, PS; TV, FM, TRM, strategy and client delivery BPC) • Accountability for measured business and • SAP Business Intelligence (BW, BO, IT outcomes that serve clients’ unique Lumira, MDM, embedded with HANA) needs • SAP Human Capital (HCM) • Scaled for speed, quality, agility, reduced • SAP Digital & Cloud (Fiori, Screen risk and efficiency Personas, Concur, Successfactors, Hybris, • Standardized global operating model, Ariba, HCP) methods, tools, and processes • SAP Logistics (MM, SD, PM, EWM, QA) • Unique business model that allows us to • SAP Sales & Trading (CRM, Hybris, GTS) serve clients with precision, thereby • SAP Security (Authorizations, GRC) matching solutions to unique needs • SAP Technical (ABAP, BC, HANA DB, S/4HANA) Deloitte provides full-life cycle SAP AMS, spanning • SAP Industry Solutions (Public Sector, the entire continuum from upfront advisory Manufacturing, Healthcare, Utility, services through to application optimization and Telecom, Financial Services) Gartner named Deloitte as a leader in EMEA in SAP Application Services in its January 2017 report titled, Magic Quadrant for SAP Application Services, EMEA, 2017.) 5 Solution description EVD for AMS key features are: AMS for SAP provides cost-effective solutions to help IT departments drive business value and • Business Aligned Value Delivery: resolve complexity. An estimated two out of three focuses on aligning IT and business roles IT euros are now spent maintaining existing and responsibilities and systematically technology. This is forcing IT executives to identifies improvement opportunities, simultaneously control costs, reduce risk, improve measures value impact, executes
Recommended publications
  • What Is a Managed Services Provider Or MSP?

    What Is a Managed Services Provider Or MSP?

    What Is a Managed Services Provider or MSP? Amy Luby, IT Channel Evangelist Acronis [email protected] Dual headquarters in Switzerland and Singapore Dual headquarters in Switzerland and Singapore 1 Introduction Dual headquarters in Switzerland and Singapore 2 Introduction 26 Years in IT Channel Former MSP, Master MSP CompTIA Community Member: Managed Services, Security, Emerging Tech ASCII Board Member Awards: • CRN’s Channel Chief & Women of the Channel Awards • Forrester top 100 Most Influential in the Channel Amy Luby • MSP Mentor Top 250 Influencers & Top 100 Global MSPs Channel Chief Evangelist, • SMB Nation’s SMB 150 Acronis • COMPTIA’s Industry Leadership Award Dual headquarters in Switzerland and Singapore 3 State of the Channel Dual headquarters in Switzerland and Singapore 4 State of the MSP Channel 75% of world trade flows indirectly 90% of IT trade flows indirectly through the Channels Dual headquarters in Switzerland and Singapore 5 Global IT Spending in 2020 2% 20% 3% 7% 32% 14% 5% The Global Information Technology Industry: 6% $5.2 Trillion 11% Estimated 2020 spending at constant currency. Encompasses hardware, software, services and telecommunications Source: IDC Dual headquarters in Switzerland and Singapore 6 What is a Managed Services Provider? A Managed Service Provider (MSP) is a company that remotely manages their client's IT infrastructure and devices, on a proactive basis, under a subscription model. Proactive IT Subscription Management Model MSP Dual headquarters in Switzerland and Singapore 7 How Many MSPs?
  • Are Cloud Managed Services the Right Financial Choice for Your Business?

    Are Cloud Managed Services the Right Financial Choice for Your Business?

    Are Cloud Managed Services The Right Financial Choice for Your Business? A Stratecast Executive Brief Sponsored by IBM Are Cloud Managed Services The Right Financial Choice for Your Business? As businesses hurtle into the digital era, technology is no longer the sole domain of the IT organization. Executives and staff from across the business are exerting influence over IT budgets and purchases to ensure they have the tools to do their jobs, thus requiring greater interaction and collaboration between IT and business units than ever before. Nowhere is this strategic collaboration more important than in the relationship between the chief information officer (CIO) and the chief financial officer (CFO). Both roles are evolving in similar ways, from stewards of business assets to strategists and drivers of business goals. The CIO role is undergoing a transition from protecting and managing technology resources to leading the company’s digital strategy. To support the evolution, the CIO’s organization is shifting from a “do-it-yourself” approach to that of a service broker, anticipating and meeting business technology needs from a range of delivery models. Cloud services—including cloud-based managed services from expert providers—are an important part of the new IT model. For its part, the CFO is augmenting its traditional roles as steward of corporate assets and manager of financial operations, with additional roles as business strategist (aligning financial investments with business goals) and catalyst for change (driving business initiatives). With the common goal of ensuring technology investments are optimal for the business, the CFO can be a valuable partner to the CIO in helping to assess options.
  • IT GOVERNANCE and MANAGED SERVICES Creating a Win-Win Relationship TABLE of CONTENTS IT Governance and Managed Services 3

    IT GOVERNANCE and MANAGED SERVICES Creating a Win-Win Relationship TABLE of CONTENTS IT Governance and Managed Services 3

    IT GOVERNANCE AND MANAGED SERVICES Creating a win-win relationship TABLE OF CONTENTS IT Governance and Managed Services 3 ROLE OF IT GOVERNANCE AND OUTSOURCING 3 IT GOVERNANCE AND THE OUTSOURCING CONTRACT 4 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 5 DEFINED PROCESSES 7 MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE 8 REPORTING 9 CONCLUSION 9 2 | IT Governance and Managed Services IT Governance and Managed Services The question of whether to outsource IT has become part of the strategic thinking process for a growing number of companies across a wide range of industries. Companies are increasingly evaluating what is core to their business and weighing the benefits of turning non-core, but often critical functions such as IT, over to outside partners. The benefits are compelling. Through a managed services model, the process by which companies outsource day-to-day business processes or organizational functions to a third-party that is expert in that particular area, organizations can benefit from greater expertise, lower costs and higher quality, as well as free up management to focus on more strategic endeavors. While the case can be made that outsourcing, at least in the area of IT, is potentially a higher value alternative to internal delivery, its success rate, viewed from the perspective of broad customer satisfaction, has not been equally overwhelming. The absence of good IT governance leading up to the decision to outsource and perpetuating thereafter is often cited as a key reason for failure of the relationship. ROLE OF IT GOVERNANCE AND OUTSOURCING IT governance exists within the context of corporate governance, and the principles are essentially the same.
  • SAP® SOLUTIONS and ACCOUNTING STRATEGIES © Copyright 2007 SAP AG

    SAP® SOLUTIONS and ACCOUNTING STRATEGIES © Copyright 2007 SAP AG

    SAP Solution in Detail SAP for Banking ACCOUNTING IN BANKS: SAP® SOLUTIONS AND ACCOUNTING STRATEGIES © Copyright 2007 SAP AG. All rights reserved. HTML, XML, XHTML and W3C are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C®, World Wide Web Consortium, No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in Massachusetts Institute of Technology. any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed Java is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. without prior notice. JavaScript is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors used under license for technology invented and implemented contain proprietary software components of other software by Netscape. vendors. MaxDB is a trademark of MySQL AB, Sweden. Microsoft, Windows, Excel, Outlook, and PowerPoint are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. SAP, R/3, mySAP, mySAP.com, xApps, xApp, SAP NetWeaver, Duet, PartnerEdge, and other SAP products and services IBM, DB2, DB2 Universal Database, OS/2, Parallel Sysplex, mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks MVS/ESA, AIX, S/390, AS/400, OS/390, OS/400, iSeries, pSeries, or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several xSeries, zSeries, System i, System i5, System p, System p5, System x, other countries all over the world. All other product and System z, System z9, z/OS, AFP, Intelligent Miner, WebSphere, service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respective Netfinity, Tivoli, Informix, i5/OS, POWER, POWER5, POWER5+, companies. Data contained in this document serves informational OpenPower and PowerPC are trademarks or registered purposes only.
  • The CIO's Travel Guide Application Management

    The CIO's Travel Guide Application Management

    TRAVEL GUIDE APP MANAGEME LICATION NT Exploring the benefits of using a MSP for application management With increasingly complex infrastructures and Outsourcing workflows, organizations are looking more to IT Managed Services to take the strain out day-to-day is the way IT management. forward So how does IT Managed Services work? Enterprises increasingly rely on business critical applications and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems to address client demands and optimize market opportunities. Managing these systems can be both complex, labor intensive and costly. Managed application services allows enterprises to outsource management and maintenance to application experts. What are the benefits of IT Managed Services? Application Managed Services enable enterprises to optimize performance, allowing internal IT teams to focus on business priorities. Enterprises can save time, budget and manpower by enabling experts to manage applications and resource-intensive processes such as deployments, installations, updates and fixes. 1 NTT Communications The CIO’s Travel Guide to Managed Services How application management works To ensure that your applications are always available, agile and flexible enough to deal with an ever changing business environment, you need a skilled team to manage your applications portfolio, maintenance, support and in some cases development. Skills shortages, decreasing IT budgets and an inflexible application infrastructure are driving more enterprises to look to MSPs to provide them with the value, agility
  • KPMG Managed Services

    KPMG Managed Services

    KPMG Managed Services Subject matter expertise, operational excellence and tools and technology helping to deliver scalable and cost efficient managed services. Project Castle – Civil Service Learning Client challenge Key activities Schedule, book and manage all pre and post event logistics for (on average) 700 On 14 December 2015 a KPMG-led Designed, built and launched a new learning events per month. Manage Core consortium was awarded a landmark operation in 38 working days which Curriculum open and closed event as well contract with Civil Service Learning included premises set up, technology as contextualised, bespoke, professional (CSL) to help deliver innovative, sourcing and deployment, selection, qualifications and apprenticeships. bespoke and high quality learning to recruitment and training of the teams. equip around 450,000 civil servants – Recruited and trained customer across all departments and professions experience and event management Outcome – with the skills required to deliver workforce. This includes 18 Learning public services of the highest standard. Consistently delivering 95% of all calls Support who answer calls and queries to answered within 20 seconds and over The Service Centre provides a SLAs, and 31 Learning Co-ordinators who 90% of all queries resolved within 1 multifunctional contact centre manage events end to end. working day with a successful first underpinned by quality administration and Developed Operating Model with touch resolution approach. excellent customer service to support supporting telephony technology. Defined learners and suppliers. Improved quality of learning outcomes. process and procedures to ensure 85% of learners have given positive We run a multi channel contact centre events are managed effectively and dealt feedback, reporting that they expect providing learning advice and technical, consistently.
  • Sapindus Saponaria Florida Soapberry1 Edward F

    Sapindus Saponaria Florida Soapberry1 Edward F

    Fact Sheet ST-582 October 1994 Sapindus saponaria Florida Soapberry1 Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson2 INTRODUCTION Florida Soapberry grows at a moderate rate to 30 to 40 feet tall (Fig. 1). The pinnately compound, evergreen leaves are 12 inches long with each leaflet four inches long. Ten-inch-long panicles of small, white flowers appear during fall, winter, and spring but these are fairly inconspicuous. The fleshy fruits which follow are less than an inch-long, shiny, and orange/brown. The seeds inside are poisonous, a fact which should be considered in the tree’s placement in the landscape, especially if children will be present. The bark is rough and gray. The common name of Soapberry comes from to the soap-like material which is made from the berries in tropical countries. Figure 1. Mature Florida Soapberry. GENERAL INFORMATION DESCRIPTION Scientific name: Sapindus saponaria Height: 30 to 40 feet Pronunciation: SAP-in-dus sap-oh-NAIR-ee-uh Spread: 25 to 35 feet Common name(s): Florida Soapberry, Wingleaf Crown uniformity: symmetrical canopy with a Soapberry regular (or smooth) outline, and individuals have more Family: Sapindaceae or less identical crown forms USDA hardiness zones: 10 through 11 (Fig. 2) Crown shape: round Origin: native to North America Crown density: dense Uses: wide tree lawns (>6 feet wide); medium-sized Growth rate: medium tree lawns (4-6 feet wide); recommended for buffer Texture: medium strips around parking lots or for median strip plantings in the highway; reclamation plant; shade tree; Foliage residential street tree; no proven urban tolerance Availability: somewhat available, may have to go out Leaf arrangement: alternate (Fig.
  • Bayerische Staatsforsten Leaner Processes and Better Customer Relations with Sap® Software

    Bayerische Staatsforsten Leaner Processes and Better Customer Relations with Sap® Software

    BAYERISCHE STAATSFORSTEN LEANER PROCESSES AND BETTER CUSTOMER RELATIONS WITH SAP® SOFTWARE QUICK FACTS “Thanks to SAP NetWeaver and SOA, Company Implementation Highlights • Name: Bayerische Staatsforsten (Bavarian • Connected highly specialized in-house our project team was able to connect state forestry company) developments to the SAP software the geographic information system to • Location: Regensburg, Germany landscape • Industry: Mill products • Transitioned from an administrative organi- the SAP solution in just two days.” • Products and services: Production and zation to a business enterprise in a very sale of raw timber, hunt management short amount of time Matthias Frost, Head of Information and Commu- • Revenue: €340 million • Rapidly developed interfaces for connect- nications Technology, Bayerische Staatsforsten • Employees: 2,900 ing the geographic information system • Web site: www.baysf.de (GIS) to the SAP application • Implementation partners: SAP® Consulting, ESRI Why SAP • Enhanced functionality to correctly map Challenges and Opportunities financial processes • Map forestry-specific business processes • Improved integration of in-house with SAP solutions developments • Integrate a large number of small locations • Future-proof investments thanks to regular and many mobile users with a broad appli- technology updates cation spectrum Benefi ts Objectives • Lean logistics business processes • Transition from an administrative organiza- • Legal certainty for internal and external tion to a business enterprise on the IT side
  • Applying Landscape Ecology to Improve Strawberry Sap Beetle

    Applying Landscape Ecology to Improve Strawberry Sap Beetle

    Applying Landscape The lack of effective con- trol measures for straw- Ecology to Improve berry sap beetle is a problem at many farms. Strawberry Sap Beetle The beetles appear in strawberry fi elds as the Management berries ripen. The adult beetle feeds on the un- Rebecca Loughner and Gregory Loeb derside of berries creat- Department of Entomology ing holes, and the larvae Cornell University, NYSAES, Geneva, NY contaminate harvestable he strawberry sap beetle (SSB), fi eld sanitation, and renovating promptly fruit leading to consumer Stelidota geminata, is a significant after harvest. Keeping fi elds suffi ciently complaints and the need T insect pest in strawberry in much of clean of ripe and overripe fruit is nearly the Northeast. The small, brown adults impossible, especially for U-pick op- to prematurely close (Figure 1) are approximately 1/16 inch in erations, and the effectiveness of the two length and appear in strawberry fi elds as labeled pyrethroids in the fi eld is highly fi elds at great cost to the the berries ripen. The adult beetle feeds variable. Both Brigade [bifenthrin] and grower. Our research has on the underside of berries creating holes. Danitol [fenpropathrin] have not provided Beetles prefer to feed on over-ripe fruit but suffi cient control in New York and since shown that the beetles do will also damage marketable berries. Of they are broad spectrum insecticides they not overwinter in straw- more signifi cant concern, larvae contami- can potentially disrupt predatory mite nate harvestable fruit leading to consumer populations that provide spider mite con- berry fi elds.
  • Practice of Ayurveda

    Practice of Ayurveda

    PRACTICE OF AYURVEDA SWAMI SIVANANDA Published by THE DIVINE LIFE SOCIETY P.O. SHIVANANDANAGAR— 249 192 Distt. Tehri-Garhwal, Uttaranchal, Himalayas, India 2006 First Edition: 1958 Second Edition: 2001 Third Edition: 2006 [ 2,000 Copies ] ©The Divine Life Trust Society ISBN-81-7052-159-9 ES 304 Published by Swami Vimalananda for The Divine Life Society, Shivanandanagar, and printed by him at the Yoga-Vedanta Forest Academy Press, P.O. Shivanandanagar, Distt. Tehri-Garhwal, Uttaranchal, Himalayas, India PUBLISHERS’ NOTE Sri Swami Sivanandaji. Maharaj was a healer of the body in his Purvashram (before he entered the Holy Order of Sannyasa). He was a born healer, with an extraordinary inborn love to serve humanity; that is why he chose the medical profession as a career. That is why he edited and published a health Journal “Ambrosia”. That is why he went over to Malaya to serve the poor in the plantations there. And, strangely enough, that is why, he renounced the world and embraced the Holy Order of Sannyasa. He was a healer of the body and the soul. This truth is reflected in the Ashram which he has established in Rishikesh. The huge hospital equipped with modern instruments was set up and the entire Ashram where all are welcome to get themselves healed of their heart’s sores and thoroughly refresh themselves in the divine atmosphere of the holy place. Sri Swamiji wanted that all systems of healing should flourish. He had equal love and admiration for all systems of healing. He wanted that the best of all the systems should be brought out and utilised in the service of Man.
  • Managed Services Provider Guide

    Managed Services Provider Guide

    MANAGED SERVICES PROVIDER GUIDE START EXPLORING TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 3 What is a manage services provider? 4 Why managed services? 8 How do I build an MSP practice? 11 How to grow an MSP business with Microsoft solutions? 29 Opportunities for managed service providers 30 The cloud solution provider opportunity 35 2 Welcome to the MSP Guide A one-stop guide to researching, building, and growing a managed services provider offering. In the pages that follow, you’ll find a detailed definition of what makes an MSP, along with reasons to believe in the value of providing managed services as part of your business. You’ll also get a helpful breakdown of the steps involved in creating your own managed services practice from square one. And once you get started, you’ll learn how to further differentiate, promote, and expand the scope of your business. Whether you’re simply curious about what MSP is all about, or actively looking to take the next step in your journey, this guide—and the Microsoft Partner Network in full—is here to help. Microsoft believes in the power of partnership, and we look forward to celebrating your success. INTRODUCTION 3 WHAT IS A MANAGED SERVICES PROVIDER? MORE THAN A VENDOR. A TRUSTED ADVISOR. A managed services provider (MSP) delivers a set of services to clients, What else makes an MSP? It’s a premium quality service provided on either proactively or as needed. For more than 20 years, large enterprises an ongoing contractual basis, rather a cost-per-project. The best way have relied on managed services businesses to manage information and to think of about managed services (and something you’ll hear customer workloads.
  • Forest and Land Use

    Forest and Land Use

    Simplified Approval Process SIMPLIFIED APPROVAL PROCESS (SAP) TECHNICAL GUIDELINES Forest and Land Use INTRODUCTION DEFINITION The publication provides technical guidance for the preparation of SAP proposals. The thematic area of forest and land use encompasses forests and other multiple land-cover types where forests are a prominent component of the landscape (see Figure 1). This can range from natural forests, where ecosystems are not directly impacted by human activities (e.g. primary forests) to more intensively transformed landscapes – such as secondary growth forests, degraded forest landscapes, agroforestry systems and trees outside forests, sustainably managed forests and forestry plantations. LINKS TO CLIMATE CHANGE Forests play an important role in both adaptation and mitigation as they provide local ecosystem services relevant for adaptation as well as the global ecosystem service of carbon sequestration, relevant for mitigation.1 Forest conservation and restoration of degraded ecosystems are a large part of the solution to climate change and the Paris Agreement2 explicitly recognizes the role of forests in the mitigation of climate change. 1. Locatelli B., Evans V., Wardell A., Tropical deforestation is a major contributor to current global climate emissions, accounting for Andrade A. & Vignola R. (2011). Forests one quarter of global greenhouse gas emissions.3 Deforestation and forest degradation drivers and climate change in latin America: linking adaptation and mitigation. are varied and context specific. However, the conversion of forests to use for commercial Forests, 2(1), 431–450. https://doi. agriculture and the general expansion of agriculture accounts for a significant share of tropical org/10.3390/f2010431. deforestation. 2. See: https://unfccc.int/resource/ docs/2015/cop21/eng/l09r01.pdf 3.