Local History of Ethiopia Hager - Happi © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)

hager (hagär) (A,T) country, native land HFF90 Hager Hise 14°27'/39°21' 2395 m 14/39 [Gz] ?? Hagera (Hagära) (locality near Awsa) ../.. [Pa] 1300s 'Amdä Seyon's forces killed the "King of Adäl". Three of his sons and a brother thereupon came to surrender. They promised that they would send word to the neighbouring kings and governors urging them to submit. "One of the Muslim leaders, the king of Hagära, a locality near Awssa, nevertheless refused. A chief of importance, as evident from the fact that he had ninety-nine governors under him, he summoned his people, and told them to 'make themselves strong and courageous', so as to destroy 'Amdä Seyon. 'If the Christians kill us', he fanatically declared, 'we shall be martyrs, and if we kill them we shall gain paradise'." "When the Emperor heard of the Hagära leader's stand he too 'set out in wrath', crossed the 'great Ekua river' - presumably a stretch of the Awash, and ordered his troops to search out the chief. They found him ready for battle. A fierce engagement ensued. The 'rebels' were strong, the chronicle reports. They included archers, and other soldiers who protected them with shields, as well as women who fought with sticks, 'like brave youths', and threw stones with great force. 'Amdä Seyon, however, was not deterred. He drew his bow, and with an arrow hit the Hagära ruler in the neck. He fell to the ground, whereupon his men fled. The Emperor's soldiers then surrounded and destroyed the Hagära army. Only three soldiers are said to have survived." [Pankhurst 1997 p 66, citing Huntingford 1965 p 100-103] hagere hiywet (A) land of life HDD93 Hagere Hiywet (Hagere Hiwot, H. Hiywot), see Ambo HCD28 Hagere Mariam, see Agere Maryam HET56 Hagere Maryam (church) 13°12'/39°03' 13/39 [Gz]

HCL11 Hagere Selam, see Agere Selam & HDU20 HEK13 Hagere Selam 11°51'/37°47' 2076 m 11/37 [Gz] HFE08 Hagere Selam (Hagerai S., Haghire Salem) 13/39 [Gz Ad] (Hager Selame) 13°39'/39°10' 2648 m 13/39 [x n] 1960s The primary school (in Temben awraja) in 1968 had 102 boys and 36 girls in grades 1-4, with 3 teachers. 1980s On 24 June 1988 a large number of infantry - three brigades - came through Abiy Adi. There was a large battle at Hagere Selam, and Dergi was going to Adwa retaking the towns. (Tigrayans in their language often refer to the Dergue in the first person singular.) It has been reliably reported that government troops killed 341 peasants in Hagere Selam and surrounding villages on 29 June. An unknown number were killed on 5 July. [Evil days, USA, Human Rights Watch, 1991 p 264- 265] 1990s In early 1991, Meles Zenawi and other leaders of the Front had their headquarters of the EPRDF in caves there. The British researcher/author Jenny Hammond interviewed Meles Zenawi there on 3-4 February 1991 and also on 27-28 and 30 March, as well as Tamrat Layne and Fissah Garedew on 29 March and Kuma Demeksa on 30 March. [Hammond 1999 p 446, 450]

HES50 Hagerit (Haggiret) 13°12'/37°32' 1150 m 13/37 [WO Gz] HDJ27 Hageya 09°16'/37°14' 2336 m 09/37 [Gz] KCH82 Haggari (Haggare, Haggarih, Haggri) 07/45 [WO Gz x] 07°09'/45°53' 514 m HCR60 Haggaro, see Agaro HES40 Haggiret 13°06/37°35' 1867 m 13/37 [WO Gz] KCN13 Haggogeni (Haggogheni) 07/45 [+ WO] KCN96 Hagoga, see Tukayel JDK67 Hagu 09°39'/43°09' 1631 m 09/43 [Gz] JDG33c Hagube 09/40 [Mi]

Published online by the Nordic Africa Institute library | nai.uu.se/library 1 of 10 Local History of Ethiopia Hager - Happi © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)

Village situated a few kilometres north of Dofan. HFF02 Hagula 13°35'/39°35' 2224 m, south-west of Agula 13/39 [Gz] HFE79 Hagwa Mikael (church) 14°13'/39°18' 14/39 [Gz] south-west of Adigrat JDK67 Hagwidawo (Haguidaouo) (area) 1741 m 09/43 [+ WO] JEB94 Hahari Absa (area) 11/41 [WO]

HFE77 Hahayle (Hahaile) (area in Adwa awraja) 14/39 [Ad WO] see under Inticho The primary school in 1968 had 98 boys and 19 girls in grades 1-5, with 2 teachers. HF... Hahayle sub-district (Hahaylie.. Hayhaile..) 14/39 [+ Ad n] (centre in 1964 = Adi Beriento) (-1964-1997-) with tree nursery pict B Parker, Ethiopia .., Oxford (Oxfam) 1995 p 46 literacy class for workers HFE.. Hahayle wereda (Hahaylie..) 14/39 [+ Ad] (centre in 1964 = Bolho)

JCM65 Hahi 06°52'/44°45' 619 m 06/44 [WO Gz] Coordinates would give map code JCM67, near KCG62 KCN26 Hahi 07°29'/45°18' 658 m 07/45 [WO Gz] Coordinates would give map code KCN25 ?? Hai Barazioh (in Tigray) ../.. [x] In the early 1930s there was a station of the Lazarist Mission. [Zervos 1936] hai dimtu: dimtu, diimtu (O) red /cow/, light /female complexion/ JBN76 Hai Dimtu 05/40 [WO] HEU04 Haia Olel (mountain) 12°43'/39°44' 1565 m 12/39 [Gz] HDT29 Haiafegg, see Ahiyafech JBN73 Haiasifta, see Hayasifta HEF53 Haic (Haich), see Hayk HCL66c Haiccio, see Haycho HFD17 Haida, see Amba Maderiya

HEF53 Haik, see Hayk HFF24 Haike Meskel (Aicamessal, Haaiki Messahal, Hayki Mashal), see Hayk Meskel HEU72 Haikhallat (British camp in 1868) 13/39 [18] hail (A) force, power Hail.., see also Hayl.. HEB26 Haile Selassie I Ber, see Kedamawi .. 11/36 [x] JCR38 Haile Terra, see Hayle Terra ?? Haile Woha 05/36 [20] A village in the Mursi territory, 35 km from the Mago river. HDM34c Hailiamba, see Aliyu Amba HBS08 Haille, see Chumba HCD44 Hailu 05°48'/37°51' 2770 m 05/37 [WO Gz] Coordinates would give map code HCD43 HDU71c Hailu, cf Were Ilu 10/39 [Wa]

HFE.. Haimanal 14/38 [It] 29 February 1936: "The 'Gavinana' Division -- was going on towards Selaclacà, and its advanced guard (2 battalions of the 83rd Infantry and 1 group of the 19th Artillery) had reached the top of the Haimanal heights, when it was suddenly attacked by strong forces of the enemy, estimated at several thousands, which, having crept unseen over broken and bush-covered ground, inflicted heavy losses on it and attempted to surround it. The advanced guard, rapidly deploying, valiantly withstood the enemy's onset, and after a period of alternating success brought the enemy to a standstill."

Published online by the Nordic Africa Institute library | nai.uu.se/library 2 of 10 Local History of Ethiopia Hager - Happi © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)

[Badoglio (Eng.ed.) 1937 p 115] HCJ65 Haisa, see Hatsa JEB59 Haitan Coma, see Haytan Koma HEA36 Haiti (Cheiti) 11°12'/35°21' 809 m 11/35 [Gz] ?? Hajeya (Hajäya) (historically recorded place) ../.. [Pa] Crossing the Zär'ät river, the soldiers of 'Amdä Seyon /1312-1342/ came to the settlement of Araté, "where the people reportedly castrated and cut off the ears of their captives. On seeing the victims the Emperor 'grieved exceedingly'. To punish the wrong-doers he pretended to be about to leave the territory, whereupon his soldiers, who were in hiding, surprised and killed many of them. This stratagem was carried out twice in or around Araté, and again at a place called Hajäya. -- 'Amdä Seyon returned to the highlands, never again to set foot in the Afar country." [Pankhurst 1997 p 67, citing Huntingford 1965 p 104-105]

JDJ44 Haji 09°25'/42°00' 1824 m? 1997 m? 09/42 [Gz] JDK63 Haji 09°37'/42°49' 1824 m? 1997 m? 09/42 [Gz] HCR30 Haji Husen Mesgid (mosque) 07°32'/36°39' 07/36 [Gz] HCU85 Haji Komcha (H. K'omcha) 08°02'/39°47' 2150 m 08/39 [Gz] hakab: xakab (Som) 1. small hut of branches; 2. superstructure of a well HFE61 Hakab Sereh (Hacab Sereh) (waterhole) 14/38 [+ MS WO] HEM62 Hakim 12°21'/39°35' 1509 m, south of Alamata 12/39 [Gz] JDJ25 Hakim (Gara Hakim, G. Achim) (mountain) 09/42 [Gz x WO] 09°16'/42°07' 2161 m, see under Harar, south-west of the town HCM92 Hako (Hak'o. Haqo) 07°10'/39°32' 2663 m 07/39 [Gz q] HCS08 Hakuli (Hak'uli, Haquli) 07°17'/38°14' 1982 m 07/38 [Gz q]

hal hal (Som) one by one, one at a time JFB25 Hal Hal (Halhal) 13°46'/41°07' 605 m 13/41 [Ne WO Gz] (mountain at the border of Eritrea) Coordinates would give map code JBF24 hala, haala (O) 1. respect, dignity; 2. future, hope; hal-aa (O) she-camel HFE18 Hala 13°44'/39°15' 2553 m 13/39 [Ad Gu Gz] HFE18 Hala (sub-district & its centre in 1964) HCJ99 Halaha 06°24'/37°26' 1867 m 06/37 [Gz] JFA69 Halai (Hayay) (waterhole) 14/40 [MS WO LM] halaka (from A) title of locally elected leader among the Dorse, Dita and Ochollo; halo (O) 1. kind of acacia; 2. grudge, rancour HBF80 Halaki Halo (area) 03/39 [WO] JEG89 Halaite (Halaita) (mountain) 12/40 [WO Gz] 12°36'/40°29' 1336 m Coordinates would give map code JEG98 HCJ77 Halano 07°00'/37°17' 1998 m, south-west of Waka 07/37 [Gz] JDS15 Halaua (Alaua) 10°04'/42°59' 1507 m 10/42 [Gz] near the border of Somalia HDL67 Hale 09°36'/39°04' 2627 m 09/39 [Gz] JDJ58 Hale (Halle) (area) 09/42 [WO Gu] JDG65 Hale Debii (H. Debi'i) 09°40'/40°18' 651 m 09/40 [Gz] ?? Haleb (Haläb) (historically recorded) ../.. [Pa] JBH65 Halegio (Halejo), see Allaio HDK70 Haleia, see Hawu HCU21 Halela Aluia 07°25'/39°27' 2446 m 07/39 [WO Gz] Halele, name of a Nole tribe of the eastern Oromo;

Published online by the Nordic Africa Institute library | nai.uu.se/library 3 of 10 Local History of Ethiopia Hager - Happi © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)

halala (O) 1. holy; 2. cud /cows chew the cud/; halaala (O) hyena, Crocuta crocuta habessynica, Hyæna hyæna dubbah; halale (O) kind of tree HC... Halale, cf Alala 06/37? [Mi] Village situated in the Kindo sub-district. ?? Hale (Halle), cf Hali ../.. [x] Area cultivated with barley, with various villages of which the largest is a conspicuous agglomeration under a dense wood of Juniperus. [Guida 1938] HDJ53 Haleli 09°34'/36°53' 1580 m, west of Shambu 09/36 [Gz] JFB25 Halhal, see Hal Hal JEC64 Hali (area) 11/41 [WO] ?? Halielu sub-district (centre in 1964 = Ababora) ../.. [Ad] JDG58c Halikdiggi Zughir (recorded in 1841) 09/40 [Ha] HCS84 Halila 08°00'/39°56' 2467 m (with church Maryam) 08/39 [Gz] JC... Halila (centre in 1964 of Gersa sub-district) 07/40? [Ad] HDJ48 Halilu Mikael (church) 09°29'/37°22' 09/37 [Gz] JDC89 Halinda (area) 08/42 [WO] JDK87 Halisa (Alliso) 09°50'/43°06' 1443 m 09/43 [Gz WO] Coordinates would give map code JDK86 JB... Haliya (mountain) 04/41 [18]

?? Halka (Halqa) (historically recorded) ../.. [Pa] The Oromo group Qälä Gända in 1693 reported to the Emperor that they had eliminated the Tuläma from a wide stretch of country from Halqa to Gänd Bärät. [Pankhurst 1997 p 311] halkan (O) night HDL54 Halko (Halk'o, Halqo) 09°35'/38°47' 2634 m 09/38 [AA Gz q] HEP26 Hallal Sahr Semir (Hallad S.S.) 12°53'/36°14' 746 m 12/36 [Gz] south-east of Metemma HDM15c Hallam (not far from Tedecha Melka), cf Hallem 09/39 [x] The hunting party of Powell-Cotton in 1990 found that a local name Hallam denoted the ruins of an ancient city where Emperor Zera Yaqob was defeated by Ahmed Grañ in the 1500s. The group made a cursory inspection and found ruins over a large area. Regular streets could be traced among the piles of fallen and overgrown masonry. [Powell-Cotton 1902 p 144] halle (O) all kinds of HFE.. Halle Luya (Alleluia) 14/38 [x] King Lebna Dengel made several land charters to the convent of Halle Luya in 1530 and later. This convent was situated about 30 km north-west of Aksum and is mentioned (as Alleluia) by Almeida and Alvares. [Huntingford, The land charters .., A.A. etc 1965 p 48-52] HDF95 Hallem (area) 09/39 [WO] JEJ02 Halli (Hally) 11°46'/41°47' 296 m, near code JEC92 11/41 [Gz] H.... Hallo (centre in 1964 of Halu Hamuma sub-district) 07/35? [Ad] JCR90 Hallo Roba (Halo R.) 08°09'/41°44' 1000/1332 m 08/41 [WO Gz] Coordinates would give map code JCR91 JCK84 Halloua 07°08'/42°52' 762 m 07/42 [Gz] hallu (O) generally of all plants which give red colour JEB55 Hallu (mountain) 11°23'/41°09' 725 m 11/40 [Ne Gz]

halo, hallo, halloo (O) 1. kind of thorn tree, Acacia bussei; 2. haaloo, hate, aversion, grudge, resentment, vengeance HCK07 Halo 06°21'/38°11' 1548 m (area) 06/38 [WO Gz] JDA48 Halo 08°32'/40°33' 1659 m 08/40 [Gz] JDH25 Halo 09°17'/41°13' 2315 m 09/41 [Gz]

Published online by the Nordic Africa Institute library | nai.uu.se/library 4 of 10 Local History of Ethiopia Hager - Happi © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)

JDJ52 Halo 09°31'/41°47' 1480 m, west of Dire Dawa 09/41 [Gz] JDJ52 Halo Hula Yesuf 09°34'/41°47' 1289 m 09/41 [Gz] west of Dire Dawa halo roba (O) uncomfortable rain? JCR90 Halo Roba, see Hallo Roba JCH64 Haloie, see Aldie HDA06 Halu 08°09'/35°20' 1641 m 08/35 [Gz] west of Gore, near map code HCN96 HD... Halu Hamuma (Hallo H.) in Gore awraja 08/35? [Ad] The primary school in 1968 had 349 boys and 43 girls, with 6 teachers. HD... Halu sub-district (-1997-) 08/35? [n] HDE19 Halute 08°17'/39°18' 1666 m 08/39 [Gz] JDJ56 Hama (mountain chain) 09°31'/42°09' 2170 m 09/42 [Gz] JDJ56 Hama 09°36'/42°10' 1522 m 09/42 [Gz] HCS01c Hama Ancho (in southern Kembata) 07/37 [20] JDJ56 Hama Wuchale (H. Wuch'ale, Lege Hama, Lago H.) 09/42 [Gz] 09°33'/42°10' 1692 m JEC53 Hamaili (area) 11/41 [WO] JEP13 Hamairli 12°46'/41°01 389 m 12/41 [Gz]

hamanle: xamaan leh (Som) having household supplies; hamaan, haamaan (Som) cunning or sly person; someone to be feared JCT54 Hamanle (Hamanlei, Hamamlei) (wells) 07/43 [WO Gu Gz] 07°42'/43°48' 808 m The Italians made a raid to there on 11 November 1935. Hamanle was bombed on 20 April 1936 with yperite and phosgene poison gas. [Sbacchi 1997 p 62]

Hamar (Hamer), name shared by several ethnic groups north of Chew Bahir, cf Hamer; one Hamar group numbered about 42,466 according to the 1994 census. Research on the Hamar from the 1960s and onwards for many years has been carried out by anthropologist Ivo Strecker from Germany, accompanied by his wife. From the early 1980s he made several ethnographic films. [Addis Tribune 2002/03/15] An ethnic group in the lower Omo valley described by J Lydall in 1976. They speak a language of the Omotic group and were estimated to number about 15,000. [Ethnicity .. 1994 p 49] A mission site on Internet states the Hamar to number about 44,000 in the 1990s, of which very few Christians. ?? Hamar awraja (in the lower Omo valley) ../.. [n] Same as Bako awraja in 1959? Sub-province Governor then was Colonel Degneh Gugssa. 1980s "The Koegu always complained that the administrator of Hamar awraja was a native Hamar, and favoured the Kara because of their close links with the Hamar." There was a Dus kebele with the Kara inhabitants and the Dus Koegu group. There was further the Labuk kebele with the Kuchar group of Koegu, and a /proposed?/ Kuchur kebele. [H Matsuda in Ethnicity .. 1994 p 59] text A Chenevière, Ethiopie .., Paris 1989 p 42-52 with ten large colour photos of people and houses; picts Camerapix guide 1995 p 177 women with much adornment; K Nomachi, Bless Ethiopia, Tokyo 1998 (English ed. Hang Kong) p 166-167 young men's rite "jumping of the bull", 168 scarred back from rite "whipping of the women", 170-173 dancers with painted faces, 174-175 crowd of women, 184 woman;

Published online by the Nordic Africa Institute library | nai.uu.se/library 5 of 10 Local History of Ethiopia Hager - Happi © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)

M Aubert, Ethiopia, Local Colour, Hong Kong 1999 p 111 persons with various decorations ?? Hamar Bena wereda (in South Omo Zone) ../.. [n] In 1995 there were estimated to be 26,000 people in need of food assistance within the wereda ?? Hamar wereda ../.. [x] 1980s: same as Hamer wereda? or as Hamar Bena wereda?

hamara (O) falcon HEC57c Hamara 11/37 [Gu] HDF21 Hamaresa 08°22'/39°28' 1612 m, north of Sire 08/39 [Gz] JDJ14 Hamaresa (Hameresa) 09°12'/42°01' 1704 m 09/42 [Gz] JDJ35 Hamaresa 09°20'/42°05' 1955 m 09/42 [Gz] military camp at 09°20'/42°06', north-west of Harar HEF86 Hamarko (mountain) 11°36'/39°58' 1225 m 11/39 [Gz] JCR26 Hamarro Hadad (H. Hedad), see Hamero Hadad hamarro maan: hammaru (O) to lock; maan (Som) mind, intelligence JCR27 Hamarro Maan (waterhole) see under Hamero 07/42 [WO] HCU17 Hambentu 07°22'/39°57' 2300 m, cf Ambientu 07/39 [Gz] HFE51 Hambera 14°04'/38°35' 1990 m, cf Ambera 14/38 [Gz Ad] (sub-district & its centre in 1964) HCU16 Hambientu, see Ambientu, cf Hambentu HDJ31 Hambule (Germana) (mountain) 09°28'/36°50' 1524 m 09/36 [Gz] HCU92 Hamda Diksis, see Diksis HDD74 Hamdo 08°48'/37°54' 3018 m, near lake Wenchi 08/37 [Gz] JDJ49 Hamdo 09°26'/42°27' 2083 m 09/42 [Gz] hamed (T) soil, earth, ground, dirt HFF32 Hamed Negasc, see Negash hamele: hamile (O) age of puberty HDK80 Hamele 09°48/37°30' 2255 m 09/37 [AA Gz] a little west of Asendabo, near map code HDJ89

hamer (hamär) (A) 1. ark; 2. reddish-brown /horse/; hamer, hammer (Som) kind of shrub or small tree, Zizyphus mucronata; Hamer, name of an ethnic group of about 25,000 in the South Omo Zone, with language called Hamer Banna, Hamer Koke, Kara Kerre, see also Hamar "Hamer women wear their hair in dense ringlets smeared with mud and clarified butter and topped off with a head-dress featuring oblongs of gleaming aluminium. -- seen by few tourists is the Hamer 'jumping of the bull' ceremony. In this rite of passage, youths are required to jump onto the backs of a line of thirty or forty cattle, run the whole length of this formidable obstacle, jump down onto the other side and then repeat the entire procedure three more times without falling. Finally they walk out of the arena through a special gateway, after which they are judged to have passed from boyhood to manhood." [Camerapix 1995 p 176-177] HB.. Hamer (in Geleb & Hamerbako awraja) 05/36 [Ad] Centre of awraja (-1956-). The primary school in 1968 had 31 boys and 24 girls in grades 1-4, with 2 teachers. hamer koke: kokke (O) throat HBR71 Hamer Bako, see Hamer Koke ?? Hamer Bena wereda (in the 1990s) ../.. [n] HBR71 Hamer Koke (Hamar, Amar Koche, Amar Cocche) 05/36 [Gz x WO] 05°09'/36°45' 1808 m Within a radius of 10 km there are at km

Published online by the Nordic Africa Institute library | nai.uu.se/library 6 of 10 Local History of Ethiopia Hager - Happi © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)

3S Kegha (Kecha) (village) 6S Hummer (Hummu) peak 2049 m 4SW Burie (area) 5-25NE Shala (range of hills SW to NE and E to W across the Humer/Hummu range about 20 km long) Occupied by the Italians on 27 August 1937 under the command/?/ of Giorgio Pollera. H.... Hamer sub-district? (-1997-) 05/36 [n] H.... Hamer wereda (Hamar .., Hammar ..) (-1964-1995-) 05/36 [Ad n] (centre in 1964 = Hamer, in 1995 = Dimeka) with 42 kebeles in 1995. According to the 1984 census the size of ethnic groups was 2,084 Arbore 24,766 Hamer 8,223 Tsemai (30,600 Male were shared with Bako Gazer wereda) There were also Benna and Karo not mentioned in the census.

HCC40 Hamerbako, cf Geleb & Hamerbako awraja 05/36 JDJ14 Hameresa, see Hamaresa HEF67 Hamerko 11°26'/39°59' 1494 m 11/39 [Gz]

JDB54 Hamero 08°38'/41°05' 1617 m 08/41 [Gz] JCR26 Hamero Hadad (Hamero, Hamarro Hadad) 07/42 [MS LM Gz WO] (with waterhole) MS: 07°20'/42°15' = JCR17, 658 m; Gz: 07°27'/42°14' = JCR26, 637 m Within a radius of 10 km there are at km 10E Hayle Terra (Haile T.) (area) 10E Agamidobe (area) 5SE Hamarro Maan (Hamero Maan?) (waterhole) 5SW Sen Madobe (area) 5NW Dal Lehele (village) 10NW Borolays (Borolais) (area) 10N Sala Khalifa (area) JCR36 Hamero sub-district? (-1997-) 07/42 [n] JCR36 Hamero wereda (centre in 1964 = Hamero) 07/42 [Ad]

JD... Hamersa (in Harar Zuriya awraja) 09/42 [Ad] The primary school in 1968 had 163 boys and 81 girls in grades 1-4, with 3 teachers. GDT09 Hamid (Chemid) 09°59'/34°14' 563 m 09/34 [WO Gz] Coordinates would give map code GDT08 HEM13 Hamid 11°57'/39°36' 1923 m 11/39 [WO Gu Gz] Coordinates would give map code HEM22 Hamida, name of a tribe of the Arsi Oromo hamli (T) turnip, Brassica rapa HFE69 Hamlo (area) 14/39 [WO] HEH60 Hamrat el Galegu, J. (Hadid , J.) (hill) 12/35 [WO] HEP02 Hamrat er Ramad, J. (hill) 12/35 [WO] hamsal feres: hamsa (T) fifty; feres (A,T) horse HEL96 Hamsal Feres, 2611 m, see under Sekota 12/39 [Gu] JDK13 Hamude (Curedelei, Curedelli) 09/42 [Gz WO] 09°13'/42°49' 1629 m JCC12 Hamunle (Amunle) 05°35'/41°52' 386 m 05/41 [Gz]

Published online by the Nordic Africa Institute library | nai.uu.se/library 7 of 10 Local History of Ethiopia Hager - Happi © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)

hamus (T) 1. Thursday; 2. kind of shrub or small tree, Rhus abyssinica, growing near streams and with dark hairy leaves; hamus gebeya (A) Thursday market HDD84 Hamus Gebeya (Cettu) 08°53'/37°23' 1830 m 08/37 [Gz] near Ambo, cf Amus HDD91 Hamus Gebeya 08°59'/37°40' 2402 m 08/37 [Gz] at the road west of Ambo HDE63 Hamus Gebeya 08°42'/38°42' 2066 m 08/38 [Gz] HDK01 Hamus Gebeya 09°08'/37°31' 2626 m 09/37 [AA Gz] HDK54 Hamus Gebeya 09°33'/37°57' 2402 m, near Kachisi 09/37 [AA Gz] HDL02 Hamus Gebeya 09°08'/38°36' 2709 m 09/38 [AA Gz] north-west of Addis Abeba HDL92 Hamus Gebeya 09°55'/38°38' 2092 m 09/38 [AA Gz] HDU74 Hamus Gebeya 10°37'/39°43' 3437 m 10/39 [Gz] HEJ88 Hamus Gebeya 12°31'/37°24' 2066 m 12/37 [Gz] south-west of Gondar H.... Hamus Gebeya 13/37 [Ad] (centre in 1964 of Debas Kindish sub-district)

hamus wenz: wenz (A) river /see above for alternate meanings of hamus/ ?? Hamus Wenz (visiting postman under D.Markos) ../.. [Po] Around 1610, Emperor Susneyos attacked an Oromo force and defeated it at Hamus Wenz, a tributary of the Reb, near Ebenat /Ibnat/. [Pankhurst 1997 p 294] HE... Hamus Wenz sub-district (Hamus Wonz ..) 11/38? [Pa Ad] (centre in 1964 = Selel)

HEK00 Hamusit 11°47'/37°34' 1892 m, near lake shore 11/37 [Gz Po] (sub P.O. under Gondar) Town in the Belesa area, not far from Ibnat. There is a rock church in the neighbourhood. ?? Hamusit (visiting postman under Dessie) ../.. [Po] The Fourth Mechanised Division of the Derg was smashed at Hamusit /which one?/ on 23 February 1991. Tanks, lorries, and heavy artillery were captured. [Hammond 1999 p 319] HEL58 Hamusit 12°13'/39°12' 2408 m 12/39 [Gz]

Hana (Bodi), ethnic group living in the upper Omo valley. "Hana was divided into four kebele when I visited there in 1989, but there seemed to be little government influence in the area." [researcher K Fukui in Ethnicity .. 1994 p 46] H.... Hana (centre in 1964 of Dayo sub-district) 08/36 [Ad] cf Hanna HDE83 Hana 08°56'/38°44' 2196 m, east of Sebeta 08/38 [Gz] HDU42 Hana 10°20'/39°35' 2947 m 10/39 [Gz] H.... Hana Bosake (in Buno Bedele awraja) 08/36? [Ad] The primary school in 1968 had 203 boys and 14 girls in grades 1-5, with 3 teachers. H.... Hana Digeja sub-district (centre in 1964 = Digeja) 08/36? [Ad] H.... Hana Dikai sub-district (centre in 1964 = Setcho) 08/36? [Ad] hanan: haanan (Som) throats; hanan (T) inert; sloppy JCF60 Hanan (with well) 06/44 [MS WO] JCF61 Hanan 05°59'/44°24' 368 m 05/44 [WO Gz] ?? Hanani (wadi), see under Dire Dawa HEU30 Hanat 12°59'/39°23' 2543 m, west of Amba Alage 12/39 [Gz] JCT41 Hancochib, see Hankokip

Published online by the Nordic Africa Institute library | nai.uu.se/library 8 of 10 Local History of Ethiopia Hager - Happi © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)

HDH35 Handak (Handac) (forest) 09°20'/36°10' 09/36 [Gz] handeda: handad (Som) start, jump; threat, threatening JFA64 Handeda (waterhole) 14°11'/40°11' 77 m 14/40 [WO Gz] cf Hann Dida JDK74 Hando Dirshe 09°42'/42°53' 1777 m 09/42 [Gz] handode, andode (O) kind of tree, Phytolacca dodecandra, with small flowers clustered as long spikes and with fruits used as a kind of soap HDJ63 Handode 09°36'/36°57' 2281 m 09/36 [Gz] HDJ83 Handode 09°51'/36°52' 1819 m 09/36 [Gz] HDL..? Handode 09/38 [n] The Kotobe congregation of the Mekane Yesus Church uses Handode a little north of Addis Abeba as a gathering place for preaching. [A Nordlander 1996] HDE34 Handole, see Mumicha, cf Endole handolessa (O) kind of big bird HFF50 Haneba 14°05'/39°22' 1921 m 14/39 [Gz] HFD78 Haneskema 14°16'/38°19' 1584 m 14/38 [Gz] JDN32 Hangar, see Kelkelti JDR58 Hangeyle (Hangheile) (area) 10/42 [+ WO] KCR56 Hangeyo (Hangheyo) (area) 07/47 [+ WO] hangeyu (Som) Sarcostemma viminale HEF26 Hangoch 11°06'/39°54' 1892 m, east of Kombolcha 11/39 [Gz]

HFF42c Hangoda, near Hawzen plain 13/39? [x] (with rock-hewn churches Mikael and Abune Salama) "Mikaël à 1 h de marche à l'O de la route Addigrat-Dessié, dans un promontoire situé presque en bordure de la plaine de Hawuzèn. Basilique hypogée typique à trois travées. Maqdas unique semi-circulaire. Taille excellente. Sommiers cylindriques originaux. Grand narthex édifié par devant, à l'ouest." [Sauter p 163] text Ruth Plant in Ethiopia Observer vol XIII no 3 December 1970 p 232, with plan and photo. "Abunè Salama proche de la précédente, au N-E, mais inaccessible. Serait du reste abandonée." [Sauter p 163] text R Plant as above, mentioned only p 183, 185.

HDL99 Hangu 09°55'/39°17' 2348 m 09/39 [Gz] JBG72 Hanjara, H. (Hara?) 04/40 [WO] ?? Hankasha (area in western Gojjam) ../.. [Pa] JCT41 Hankokip (Hancochib) 07°40'/43°32' 911 m 07/43 [Wa WO Gz] JDS62 Hankourousle (area) 10/42 [WO] ?? Hann Dida sub-district (centre in 1964 = Kebado) ../.. [Ad] cf Handeda Hanna, religious name; hanna (O) stealing, theft ?? Hanna (Hana), in South Omo Zone ../.. [n] Centre (-1995-) of Salamago wereda. HEC89 Hanna, cf Hana 11/37 [Ch Gu] A small island in lake Tana, named from St. Anne, the mother of the Virgin Mary. H.... Hanna Maryam (Hana Mariam) 10/39 [+ Ad] (centre in 1964 of Gefegef sub-district) HEJ75 Hanna Maryam (H. Mariam, Hunna M.) 2162 m 12/37 [+ Gu WO] HCD95 Hano ("De Vito") (island) 1209/1285 m 06/37 [WO Gu] HCK04 Hano (island), see Gidicho HCD08 Hantata 05/38 [WO] hantati (O) twigs, brushwood for lighting fires

Published online by the Nordic Africa Institute library | nai.uu.se/library 9 of 10 Local History of Ethiopia Hager - Happi © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)

JCS22 Hanzerah 07°26'/42°42' 850 m 07/42 [Gz] ha-o (O) molar tooth JDG67c Hao (recorded in 1841) 09/40 [Ha] HFE54c Haoulti, see Hawelti ?? Happe ../.. [x] JCG.. Happi (village 10 km past Goro) 07/40 [x] Place to which the equipment of Dr Agge's group of the Swedish Red Cross Ambulance was transported by truck on 10 January 1936, before continuing on 13 January by caravan towards the front. Their Chevrolet truck was left in Happi. [K Johansson, På äventyr .., Sthlm 1936 p 72] Happi was bombed by the Italians in February and severely damaged. The truck of the ambulance and the store of petrol was unharmed, however. The truck was fetched to Goba in early June 1936. [Johansson p 108, 118, 154] pict G Agge, Med Röda Korset .., Sthlm 1936 p 44 loading of caravan.

Published online by the Nordic Africa Institute library | nai.uu.se/library 10 of 10