DOCSLIB.ORG

Handbook of Sexuality-Related Measures Affect and Emotions

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Handbook of Sexuality-Related Measures Affect and Emotions This article was downloaded by: 10.3.98.104 On: 26 Sep 2021 Access details: subscription number Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG, UK Handbook of Sexuality-Related Measures Robin R. Milhausen, John K. Sakaluk, Terri D. Fisher, Clive M. Davis, William L. Yarber Affect and Emotions Publication details https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315183169-3 Robin R. Milhausen, John K. Sakaluk, Terri D. Fisher, Clive M. Davis, William L. Yarber Published online on: 12 Jul 2019 How to cite :- Robin R. Milhausen, John K. Sakaluk, Terri D. Fisher, Clive M. Davis, William L. Yarber. 12 Jul 2019, Affect and Emotions from: Handbook of Sexuality-Related Measures Routledge Accessed on: 26 Sep 2021 https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315183169-3 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR DOCUMENT Full terms and conditions of use: https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/legal-notices/terms This Document PDF may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproductions, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The publisher shall not be liable for an loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. 3 Affect and Emotions Types of Jealousy Scales Abraham P. Buunk,1 University of Groningen, Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute Pieternel D. Dijkstra, private practice Dick P. H. Barelds, University of Groningen Jealousy has been defined as a negative response to the criticism, arguments, blaming, relationship uncertainty actual, imagined, or expected emotional, and particularly and dissatisfaction, and even aggression. sexual, involvement of one’s partner with someone else (e.g., Buunk, 1991), and has been conceptualized as a mul- Development tidimensional phenomenon (e.g., Sharpsteen, 1991). In line with these perspectives, our purpose was to develop The items generated for the scale on reactive jealousy were separate scales for three types of jealousy. First, reactive based upon the Anticipated Sexual Jealousy Scale developed jealousy refers to the degree of upset people experience if by Buunk (1998). The items for the preventive jealousy and their partner would engage in a number of intimate behav- anxious jealousy scales were based on earlier more extensive iors with a third person. Second, preventive jealousy (also scales (Buunk, 1991), extensive interviews with people who referred to as possessive jealousy or mate guarding; Buunk had experienced jealousy, and on descriptions of clinical forms & Castro Solano, 2012) concerns an extreme preoccupation of jealousy (e.g., Hoaken, 1976; Jaremko & Lindsey, 1979). with even slight indications of interest on the part of one’s partner in a third person, expressed through considerable Response Mode and Timing efforts to prevent contact of the partner with individu- als of the opposite sex. A similar phenomenon has been The scale can be completed both by individuals with and labelled behavioral jealousy by Pfeiffer and Wong (1989). without a committed intimate relationship. In the latter Third, anxious jealousy refers to an obsessive focus upon case, respondents are asked to think about how they would the mere possibility of the sexual and emotional involve- feel if they did have a relationship. All fifteen items (five ment of one’s partner with someone else. This implies an per scale) are self-report items which participants respond active cognitive process in which one generates images of to on a five-point, Likert-type scale. These Likert scales the partner becoming sexually involved with someone else, differ between the three subscales. The items for reactive which leads to more or less obsessive anxiety, upset, suspi- jealousy are answered on a scale ranging from 1 (not at all ciousness, and worrying (similar to cognitive jealousy, as upset) to 5 (extremely upset). The response scale for pre- distinguished by Pfeiffer & Wong, 1989). ventive jealousy range from 1 (not applicable) to 5 (very Whereas jealousy may signal that romantic partners much applicable). The response scale for anxious jealousy care for each other and value their relationship enough to ranges from 1 (never) to 5 (very often). The time to com- protect it, jealousy may also signal distrust and insecurity plete all three scales is typically about 2 to 3 minutes. and may severely undermine the relationship. Because reactive jealousy constitutes a direct response to an actual Scoring relationship threat (for instance, one’s partner is having sex with someone else), this type of jealousy can be con- The scores for each of the three subscales can be obtained sidered as relatively healthy, and may be interpreted as by summing the scores on the five items for each subscale. a token of love and commitment. In contrast, both pre- Reactive jealousy items are 1 through 5, preventive jealousy ventive and anxious jealousy may involve misperceptions items are 6 through 10, and anxious jealousy items are 11 of the partner’s behavior, and may therefore result in through 15. 1 Address correspondence to: [email protected] 34 Downloaded By: 10.3.98.104 At: 06:45 26 Sep 2021; For: 9781315183169, chapter3, 10.4324/9781315183169-3 Affect and Emotions 35 Reliability Studies on the relationship between personality charac- teristics and the three types of jealousy provide additional In the original study, the alpha reliabilities for the scales for evidence for the discriminant validity of the three scales. reactive jealousy, preventive jealousy and anxious jealousy Neuroticism has been found to be related more strongly were respectively .76, .89 and .89 (Buunk, 1997). In subse- to anxious and preventive jealousy than to reactive jeal- quent studies, similar reliabilities were obtained: .76, .77, ousy (e.g., Barelds & Dijkstra, 2003; Buunk, 1997). and .83 (Barelds & Dijkstra, 2003), .85, .88 and .72 (Barelds Conscientiousness has been found to relate more strongly & Dijkstra, 2006, among both homosexuals and heterosex- to reactive jealousy than to the other two types of jealousy uals), 64, .78, and .87 (Study 1; Barelds & Dijkstra, 2007), (Dijkstra & Barelds, 2008). Conscientious individuals .71, .76 and .89 (Study 2; Barelds & Dijkstra, 2007), .70, may be less likely to cheat and may also expect that their .78 and .87 (Study 3; Barelds & Dijkstra, 2007), 76, .76, partner will not cheat. Also, in a related vein, Barelds, and .86 (Study 1; Dijkstra & Barelds, 2008), .76, .74, and Dijkstra, Groothof and Pastoor (2017) showed that, among .82 (Study 2; Dijkstra & Barelds, 2008), .74, .85 and .92 both homosexuals and heterosexuals, anxious, and espe- (Buunk & Van Brummen-Girigori, 2016), and .80, .87 and cially preventive, jealousy were related to Dark Triad traits .84 (Barelds, Dijkstra, Groothof & Pastoor, 2017; among (Machiavellianism, psychopathy and narcissism), whereas both homosexuals and heterosexuals). reactive jealousy was not. As individuals reporting high Dark Triad scores are more likely to have been unfaithful, Validity they may project their tendencies on the partner, fueling anxious and preventive jealousy. There is considerable evidence for the construct validity Factor analysis has supported the conceptual inde- of the three scales. In two samples, Dijkstra and Barelds pendence of the three scales. Barelds and Dijkstra (2003) (2008) found that all three types of jealousy correlated applied principal components analysis (PCA) with an positively with neuroticism and negatively with agreeable- oblique rotation (oblimin) to the scores of 1,366 partici- ness. In the first study on the scales, Buunk (1997) found pants. Three components were found (based on the Scree that all three types of jealousy were correlated with more test and interpretation) which explained 57 percent of the or less maladaptive personality characteristics, including variance. All fifteen items had their highest loading on social anxiety, rigidity, hostility and a low self-esteem, the expected factor. In addition, congruence coefficients and were more prevalent among later-borns than among (Tucker’s phi; Tucker, 1951) were computed between first-borns. This latter effect was not due to differences the three a priori factors (the three theoretical subscales), in personality or attachment style, and may be due to the and the three factors found in the explorative PCA. These fact that parents often invest their material and immaterial congruencies were very high (reactive jealousy ϕ = .98, resources more in first-borns and that therefore, more so preventive jealousy ϕ = .97, and anxious jealousy ϕ = .99), than first-borns, later-borns have, throughout their child- which strongly supports the structural validity of the scale. hood, had to compete with their siblings for the resources The intercorrelations of the three scales are generally of their parents. Furthermore, those with a secure attach- weak to moderate (e.g., Barelds & Dijkstra, 2003). In addi- ment style were consistently less jealous than those with an tion, the intercorrelations between the more clinical scales insecure style, and among those with an insecure style, the (i.e.,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • “May I Be Kind to Myself”: a Study on Self-Compassion and Shame on a HIV Nightline" (2019)
    The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center Master's Projects and Capstones Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects Summer 8-9-2019 “May I Be Kind to Myself”: A Study on Self- Compassion and Shame on a HIV Nightline Lauren Swansick [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.usfca.edu/capstone Part of the Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Swansick, Lauren, "“May I Be Kind to Myself”: A Study on Self-Compassion and Shame on a HIV Nightline" (2019). Master's Projects and Capstones. 935. https://repository.usfca.edu/capstone/935 This Project/Capstone is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects at USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Projects and Capstones by an authorized administrator of USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RUNNING HEAD: SELF-COMPASSION AND SHAME 1 “May I Be Kind to Myself”: A Study on Self-Compassion and Shame on a HIV Nightline By Lauren Swansick A Capstone Project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Behavioral Health University of San Francisco San Francisco, CA August 2019 2 A STUDY ON SELF-COMPASSION AND SHAME Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to strengthen San Francisco Suicide Prevention’s HIV Nightline (NL) communication with worried well callers. As a result, this study focused on identifying any covert emotions this population experienced, such as shame, guilt, and judgement.
    [Show full text]
  • Sex Differences in Affective Responses to Homoerotic Stimuli: Evidence for an Unconscious Bias Among Heterosexual Men, but Not Heterosexual Women
    Archives of Sexual Behavior, Vol. 34, No. 5, October 2005, pp. 537–545 (C 2005) DOI: 10.1007/s10508-005-6279-4 Sex Differences in Affective Responses to Homoerotic Stimuli: Evidence for an Unconscious Bias Among Heterosexual Men, but not Heterosexual Women Amanda L. Mahaffey, M.A.,1,2 Angela Bryan, Ph.D.,1 and Kent E. Hutchison, Ph.D.1 Received February 25, 2004; revisions received June 25, 2004 and August 24, 2004; accepted October 30, 2004 Antigay bias is a well-documented social problem among heterosexual men, though heterosexual women display a lesser tendency toward this bias. Startle eye blink has been established as a valid measure of the affective component of antigay bias in heterosexual men. In the current study, a sample of 91 heterosexual women and 87 heterosexual men were exposed to a variety of sexual photographic stimuli accompanied by startle probes. Heterosexual men who expressed more bias against gay men using a social distance measure (i.e., discomfort with being in close quarters with a gay man) displayed a startle response consistent with greater negative affect (e.g., fear and disgust) toward gay male stimuli, while those with less self-reported antigay bias did not display a physiological bias against gay men, and none of these men showed a relationship between bias against lesbians and physiological responses while viewing lesbian images. There were no such physiological manifestations of antigay bias in heterosexual women while viewing lesbian or gay male images, even among those who self-reported such bias. It appears that heterosexual women do not tend to have the same affective response toward homosexuals that some heterosexual men experience.
    [Show full text]
  • Ardent Health Services
    Ardent Health Services Domestic Partner Benefits Guide & Affidavit of Domestic Partnership This guide summarizes some provisions of a number of the company’s employee benefit plans. It does not, however, contain the complete text of the plan documents for each plan. The plan documents, not this guide, are the final authority in all matters relating to plan interpretation, especially if there are any mistakes, omissions or ambiguities in this guide. Ardent Health Services reserves the right to change, or even terminate, any benefit plan at any time, for any reason. The information in this guide is not intended as legal or tax advice. Because there may be other implications to signing an Affidavit of Domestic Partnership, you are urged to seek appropriate advice before signing it. Information that you provide to Ardent about your domestic partner relationship will be treated as confidential and will not be divulged or shared except as necessary or appropriate to administer benefit plans or as otherwise required by law. 1 ELIGIBILITY & IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS Introduction Ardent Health Services’ goal is to offer a cost-effective, comprehensive benefits package that best meets the needs of our employees and their families and allows us to hire and retain the best and brightest employees. Ardent Health Services offers you the option to extend benefits to your domestic partner and his or her dependent children. It’s up to you to identify your domestic partner and any dependent children. Important Note: Under IRS rules, the value of some company-paid benefits for your domestic partner may be taxable, even though the same benefits for a spouse are not.
    [Show full text]
  • Masturbation Practices of Males and Females
    Journal of Sex Research ISSN: 0022-4499 (Print) 1559-8519 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/hjsr20 Masturbation practices of males and females Ibtihaj S. Arafat & Wayne L. Cotton To cite this article: Ibtihaj S. Arafat & Wayne L. Cotton (1974) Masturbation practices of males and females, Journal of Sex Research, 10:4, 293-307, DOI: 10.1080/00224497409550863 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/00224497409550863 Published online: 11 Jan 2010. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 549 View related articles Citing articles: 44 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=hjsr20 The Journal of Sex Research Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 293—307 November, 1974 Masturbation Practices of Males and Females IBTIHAJ S. ARAFAT AND WAYNE L. COTTON Abstract In this study, the authors have examined the masturbation practices of both male and female college students, attempting to test some of the premises long held that men and women differ significantly in such prac- tices. The findings indicate that while there are differences in many of the variables examined, there are others which show striking similarities. Thus, they open to question a number of assumptions held regarding differences in sexual needs and responses of males and females. Introduction The theoretical framework for this study has its basis in the early studies of Kinsey, Pomeroy, and Martin (1948). These first studies sought to document factually and statistically masturbation practices in this country. Though innovative, these studies have become out- dated and limited in light of contemporary developments.
    [Show full text]
  • Does California Law Support a Finding of More Than One Date of Separation? Garrett C
    www .acfls.org Fall 2012, No. 2 Journal of the California Association of Certified Family Law Specialists Does California Law Support a Finding of More than One Date of Separation? Garrett C. Dailey, cfls Michelene Insalaco, cfls Alameda County San Francisco County [email protected] [email protected] Introduction The Community Ceases to Accrue Suppose your client comes to you and reports that in the year Assets and Debts When Parties Begin 2000 she and her husband split up, and lived apart for five “Living Separate and Apart” years. During this time, your client earned large commissions In California, all property acquired during marriage is pre- and used them to buy an apartment that has been rented. sumed to be community. As explained in In re Marriage of Then the parties reconciled, stayed together for five years, Baragry (1977) 73 Cal.App.3d 444, the community property and separated again recently, prompting the wife’s visit to you. presumption “is fundamental to the community property What advice do you give her about the character of the rental system, and stems from Mexican-Spanish law which likens apartment? the marital community to a partnership. Each partner con- What if the parties actually filed for divorce in 2000, tributes services of value to the whole, and with certain litigated vigorously for the five years of separation, and the limitations and exceptions both share equally in the profits. wife had paid court-ordered support during the entire period? So long as [a spouse or registered domestic partner, here- Different advice? after “spouse”] is contributing [his or] her special services Does California law require that there can only be one to the marital community [he or] she is entitled to share in date of separation? Or, if the facts support the finding, can its growth and prosperity.” (Id.
    [Show full text]
  • Pornography and Erotica in the 19Th Century Anglo-American World
    The Atlas: UBC Undergraduate Journal of World History | 2005 *This essay contains written and visual content which some readers/viewers may find offensive due to its sexually explicit nature. This is an academic research essay and the sexually explicit content is not included for prurient or salacious reasons. As the current editors at The Atlas, however, we recognize that moral codes vary by individual, and therefore ask that you please exercise your personal discretion in reading this material. A Secretly Sexualized Era Pornography and Erotica in the 19th Century Anglo-American World CATHERINE J. ROSE When Margaret Thatcher, in her election campaign of 1983, made the term “Victorian Values” a household expression, she was met with considerable derision from her Labour opponents and more progressive Britons, who undoubtedly conjured images of ladies in corsets and high collars, gentlemen in white tie, parlous games and high society sitting down to afternoon tea.1 However, it was also the Victorian period that brought us Dracula, Frankenstein, Jack the Ripper, absinthe, and séances. Clearly, there was a fascination with the forbidden in Victorian popular culture, and a strong undercurrent of eroticism beneath the outer veneer of respectability. One of the elements of the period that best demonstrates this is the overwhelming production and consumption of pornography, made possible largely through the new medium of photography. At the same time, the erotic literature that had scandalised eighteenth-century European culture remained popular, both in the form of the common novel and in more “underground” erotica, such as the works of the Marquis de Sade.
    [Show full text]
  • Episode 17: Welcoming Polyamory Released on February 5, 2020
    Episode 17: Welcoming Polyamory Released on February 5, 2020 [00:00:00.33] ANTHONY SIS: The opinions expressed by the guests and contributors of this podcast are their own, and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cornell University or its employees. [00:00:09.03] [MUSIC PLAYING] [00:00:11.86] On today's episode, we'll be exploring the topic of polyamory. According to Merriam-Webster, polyamory can be defined as the state or practice of having more than one open romantic relationship at a time. Polyamory is a relationship structure that is oftentimes not thought of as a form of diversity, which is why we are talking about it on today's show with a special guest named Amanda. My name is Anthony Sis. [00:00:36.67] TORAL PATEL: My name is Toral Patel. [00:00:38.02] ANTHONY SIS: And you are listening to the Inclusive Excellence podcast. [00:00:41.36] [MUSIC PLAYING] [00:00:59.39] Welcome back. Thank you for joining me and Toral on another episode of the Inclusive Excellence podcast. Toral, how are you doing today? [00:01:06.86] TORAL PATEL: I am doing great, Anthony. How are you? [00:01:09.17] ANTHONY SIS: I'm doing pretty good. I'm excited for the semester and what's to come. [00:01:12.53] TORAL PATEL: Yeah, and the weather is not bad. [00:01:14.42] ANTHONY SIS: The weather is not bad. It's a little cold. We got snow again. [00:01:16.94] TORAL PATEL: We did.
    [Show full text]
  • Therapy with a Consensually Nonmonogamous Couple
    Therapy With a Consensually Nonmonogamous Couple Keely Kolmes1 and Ryan G. Witherspoon2 1Private Practice, Oakland, CA 2Alliant International University While a significant minority of people practice some form of consensual nonmonogamy (CNM) in their relationships, there is very little published research on how to work competently and effectively with those who identify as polyamorous or who have open relationships. It is easy to let one’s cultural assumptions override one’s work in practice. However, cultural competence is an ethical cornerstone of psychotherapeutic work, as is using evidence-based treatment in the services we provide to our clients. This case presents the work of a clinician using both evidence-based practice and practice- based evidence in helping a nonmonogamous couple repair a breach in their relationship. We present a composite case representing a common presenting issue in the first author’s psychotherapy practice, which is oriented toward those engaging in or identifying with alternative sexual practices. Resources for learning more about working with poly, open, and other consensually nonmonogamous relationship partners are provided. C 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Clin. Psychol. 00:1–11, 2017. Keywords: nonmonogamy; open relationships; polyamory; relationships; relationship counseling Introduction This case makes use of two evidence-based approaches to working with couples: the work of John Gottman, and emotionally focused therapy (EFT) as taught by Sue Johnson. Other practitioners may use different models for working with couples, but the integration of Gottman’s work and Sue Johnson’s EFT have had great value in the practice of the senior author of this article. Gottman’s research focused on patterns of behavior and sequences of interaction that predict marital satisfaction in newlywed couples (see https://www.gottman.com/).
    [Show full text]
  • Sex Toy Exploration Worksheet
    sex toy exploration worksheet You can fill out this list alone as a way to explore your own desires and interests or with a partner to see where your desires, interests and curiosities overlap. You can also use this list as a way to find out about new toys and tools they were otherwise unaware of or haven’t thought of as sex toys (food, masks, etc). Each item is divided into two sections — Giving (wearing the item, performing the act on another, etc) and Receiving (having another wear the item, having the item used on you, etc). Fill out each section with symbols from the key. At the end are three little games to help expand your imagination in how you can use various toys at the same time. Not every toy on this list will work for every person or every body! Please research toy materials, safety precautions, and health risks when using new toys/tools! Have fun! Yes, I’m Into This! No, Let’s Pass! Maybe? I’m Unsure/More Information and Details Needed! key sex toy exploration worksheet sex toys Giving Receiving Giving Receiving Giving Receiving Clitoral/External Cock Rings Anal Plugs Vibrators Using a Dildo for Internal Vibrators Metal Butt Plug Penetration Anally Air Pulsating Vibrators Using a Dildo for Glass Butt Plug (i.e. —Womanizer) Penetration Vaginally Performing Oral Internal Anal Vibrators Vibrating Anal Plugs on a Dildo Penis Vibrators Vibrating Dildo Anal Beads Vibrating Cock Rings Pack N Play Dildos Prostate Stimulators Vibrating Prostate Vibrators on the Anus Dual-ended Dildo Stimulators Vibrators on the Chest Metal Dildo
    [Show full text]
  • Girlfriend Or Esposa? Cultural Scenarios in Translation
    UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations 1-1-1996 Girlfriend or esposa? Cultural scenarios in translation Megan S Fuller University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/rtds Repository Citation Fuller, Megan S, "Girlfriend or esposa? Cultural scenarios in translation" (1996). UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations. 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.25669/tjan-39x1 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. IJMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMt a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted.
    [Show full text]
  • A Grounded Theory of How Mixed Orientation Married
    “Making it Work”: A Grounded Theory of How Mixed Orientation Married Couples Commit, Sexually Identify, and Gender Themselves Christian Edward Jordal Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Human Development Katherine R. Allen April L. Few-Demo Christine E. Kaestle Margaret L. Keeling April 27, 2011 Blacksburg, Virginia Keywords: Bisexuality; gender; marital commitment; mixed orientation marriage Abstract Married bisexuals who come out to their heterosexual partners do not invariably divorce. This qualitative study included 14 intact, mixed orientation married couples. The mean marriage duration was 14.5 years, and the mean time since the bisexual spouse had come out was 7.9 years. The research focused the negotiation processes around three constructs: (a) sexual identity; (b) gender identity; and (c) marital commitment. Dyadic interviews were used to generate a grounded theory of the identity and commitment negotiation processes occurring among intact mixed orientation married couples. The findings revealed two sexual identity trajectories: Bisexuals who identify before marriage and reemerge within marriage; or bisexuals who do not identity before marriage but who emerge from within marriage. Two gender identity processes were reported: gender non-conformity and deliberate gender conformity. Finally, two negotiation processes around marital commitment were found: (a) closed marital commitment, and (b) open marital commitment. Closed marital commitment was defined as monogamous. Open marital commitment had four subtypes: (a) monogamous with the option to open; (b) open on one side (i.e., the bisexual spouse was or had the option to establish a tertiary relationship outside the marriage); (c) open on both sides or polyamorous; and (d) third-person inclusive (i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Consensual Non-Monogamy and the New Sexual Ethos
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 The Casualization of Intimacy: Consensual Non-Monogamy and the New Sexual Ethos Brittany Griebling University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Communication Commons, and the Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Commons Recommended Citation Griebling, Brittany, "The Casualization of Intimacy: Consensual Non-Monogamy and the New Sexual Ethos" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 638. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/638 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/638 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Casualization of Intimacy: Consensual Non-Monogamy and the New Sexual Ethos Abstract This dissertation explores the discursive construction of consensually non-monogamous (CNM) relationships. The focus is limited to non-monogamists involved in primary, committed dyadic relationships who also pursue secondary, more casual partners. Using the framework of "casualization," the dissertation carries out a discourse analysis of 25 in-depth interviews with straight and LGBT individuals and couples involved in CNM relationships. The term casualization of intimacy makes an analogy between the evolving norms of private life and the casualization of labor. For scholars of work in a global economy, the casualization of labor refers to decreasing job security for workers, coupled with increasing productivity and the demand for new skills. The casualization of intimacy means that our personal lives, like our work lives, are characterized by precarity, the need for flexibility, the feminization of communication, and the valorization of individual "hard work." Analysis of interviews with non- monogamists demonstrates a construction of CNM in line with casualization.
    [Show full text]