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University of Northern Iowa UNI ScholarWorks Dissertations and Theses @ UNI Student Work 1987 Manual training: Its role in the development of the Seventh-Day Adventist educational system Gerald Wayne Coy University of Northern Iowa Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©1987 Gerald Wayne Coy Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd Part of the Curriculum and Instruction Commons, Educational Methods Commons, and the Vocational Education Commons Recommended Citation Coy, Gerald Wayne, "Manual training: Its role in the development of the Seventh-Day Adventist educational system" (1987). Dissertations and Theses @ UNI. 873. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd/873 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses @ UNI by an authorized administrator of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo­ graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the original text directly from the copy submitted. Thus, some dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from a computer printer. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyrighted material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are re­ produced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each oversize page is available as one exposure on a standard 35 mm slide or as a 17" x 23" black and white photographic print for an additional charge. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. 35 mm slides or 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Accessing theUMI World’s Information since 1938 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Order Number 8811277 Manual training: Its role in the development of the Seventh-Day Adventist educational system Coy, Gerald Wayne, D.I.T. University of Northern Iowa, 1987 UMI 300 N. Zeeb Rd. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. MANUAL TRAINING: ITS ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM A Dissertation Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Industrial Technology Approved: Dr. ^Michael R. White (Advisor) xpr. jacjc f . Kimball Dr. Charles E. Quirk Gerald Wayne Coy University of Northern Iowa December 1987 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. © Copyright by Gerald Wayne Coy December, 1987 All Rights Reserved Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. MANUAL TRAINING: ITS ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM An Abstract of A Dissertation Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Industrial Technology Gerald Wayne Coy University of Northern Iowa December 1987 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the history of manual training within the Seventh-day Adventist educational system and determine its relationship to the development of manual training in the public schools of America. Consideration was also given to the present status of manual training within the Adventist system. The research design was historical in form, and data were gathered covering three special areas: (a) the development of manual training in American public schools; (b) the establishment of Seventh-day Adventist education? and (c) the present status of technology education (the great-grandchild to manual training) within Adventist secondary education. Research for this study centered around primary documents from early Adventist education located in the James White Library on the campus of Andrews University. Primary documentation was also obtained from current bulletins and curriculum guides used in Seventh-day Adventist secondary schools throughout the United States. Materials pertaining to the development of manual training in the public schools of America were mostly secondary documentation from historians of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. The findings of this study were that manual training was, and still is, a foundation stone of Seventh-day Adventist education. Had early developers of Seventh-day Adventist education followed the inspired counsel concerning the importance of manual training to a holistic education given in 1872 by Ellen G. White, the church matriarch, Adventist education would have been on the cutting edge of American educational reform. As curriculum requirements increase at all levels of education, public and private, the pressure in Adventist schools has resulted in reduced emphasis being placed on this foundational principle of the Adventist educational system. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Dedicated to My Loving Wife Charlotte and Daughters Roberta and Brenda for without their support and understanding this study would not have been possible. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Ill Acknowledgments The successful completion of this dissertation has been accomplished with the help and support of many people. The writer wishes to express his gratitude to them. To Dr. Michael R. White, the writer's major advisor, heartfelt thanks for the support, advice, and encouragement given during five years of study. The writer also wishes to express his sincere appreciation to the rest of the committee members: Dr. Charles E. Quirk, for sharing his historical expertise; Dr. Jack F. Kimball for his guidance in education; Dr. Bruce C. Rogers for his expertise and counsel concerning Adventist education; and Dr. John T. Fecik for his support as co-advisor. A special appreciation is extended from the writer to those on the campus of Andrews University that have made this educational experience possible: Dr. M. Wesley Shultz, Dean of the College of Technology, and Dr. Laun L. Reinholtz, Chairman of the Technology Education Department, for providing the release time and encouragement necessary for such a study. Finally, the writer wishes to thank those secondary schools and Union Educational Departments for supplying materials for the study, and the staff of the James White Library for helping to locate resource material. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ......................................... iii CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ........................................ 1 Significance of the Study ....... l Statement of the Problem ................. 8 Assumptions ................................ 9 Limitations .................................... 9 Delimitations ........... io Definition of Terms ...... 10 Review of Literature ............................ 12 Methodology ...................... 27 Location of Source Material ............. 27 Evaluation of Source Material ....... 29 Interpretation of Source Material ............ 30 Summary ................................. 33 II. BUILDING FOR TWENTIETH CENTURY EDUCATION .......... 34 Reformers ........................................ 38 Jean Jacques Rousseau ......................... 39 Johann Bernard Basedow ................... 44 Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi ................... 48 Emanuel von Fellenberg ........................ 62 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. IL_ i V CHAPTER Page American Common Schools ............ 67 Colonial Period .............................. 67 The Awakening ................................ 78 Industrial Education ........................... 84 Manual Training .............................. 84 Manual Arts ................................... 98 Industrial Arts .............................. 104 III. EARLY ADVENTIST EDUCATION ......................... 109 The Initiators .................................. 114 James White ........ 116 Goodloe Harper B e l l ...... 121 Sidney Brownsberger .......................... 131 Ellen G. White ............................... 136 The Reform Movement ............................ 144 William Warren Prescott ...................... 148 Edward Alexander Sutherland ................. 153 The Stabilization .............................. 158 Fredrick Griggs .............................. 159 IV. MODERN ADVENTIST EDUCATION

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