DOCSLIB.ORG

Breeding Places and Seasonal Incidence of Aedes Aegypti, As Assessed by the Single-Larva Survey Method*

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Breeding Places and Seasonal Incidence of Aedes Aegypti, As Assessed by the Single-Larva Survey Method* Bull. Org. mond. Sant} 1973, 48, 615-622 Bull. Wid Hith Org f Breeding places and seasonal incidence of Aedes aegypti, as assessed by the single-larva survey method* T. RAMACHANDRA RAO,1 M. TRPIS,2 J. D. GILLETT,' C. TEESDALE,' & R. J. TONN 3 The single-larva survey method was employed to study the breeding places and seasonal incidence of Aedes aegypti in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. From May 1968 to May 1969, 28462 containers of water-located in approximately equal numbers indoors and out- doors-were investigated. The highest frequency of breeding (8.0 %) of A. aegypti was observed in tires and motor parts. Drums, barrels, water-pots, and other receptacles left outdoors showed a higher frequency (3.1 %) than those kept indoors (0.6 %). Metal containers were infested to a greater extent than those made of mud, wood, or other materials; 2.5 % of coconut shells, snail shells, etc. and 1.3 % of tree holes, plant axils, and cut bamboos were infested. The seasonal prevalence, expressed as a container index, closely followed andparalleled the fluctuations in rainfall. The value of this survey method for both ecological studies and practical control purposes is discussed. The city of Dar es Salaam (longitude: 390 12' E; are 35.20C and 12.80C. The relative humidity ranges latitude: 60 53' S), with a population of approxi- daily between a low of54-74% and a high of 94-97 %. mately 275 000 and a total area of about 830 ha, Except in the commercial and thickly populated is situated on the coast of Tanzania. Dar es Salaam central areas, the city is characterized by the pres- is an important seaport and has a busy international ence ofnumerous trees. Coconut and mango, cashew- airport. It is the seat of the Government of Tanzania nut, jackfruit, and other tropical trees are very com- and the commercial and industrial centre of the mon. The grass is lush and tall and has to be kept country. mown. Shrubs of various types flourish wherever they The hot, humid climate of Dar es Salaam is typi- are allowed to grow. Sisal is cultivated in one or cal of coastal areas in the tropics. The average two districts on the periphery of the city. annual rainfall is 1 096 mm in 108 days of rain There are three main types of housing: (1) large (Table 1), and there are two main seasons of rain- multi-storey buildings in the commercial and residen- fall: the so-called short rains during November and tial areas of central Dar es Salaam; (2) bungalows, December and the long rains during March, April, each located within its own compound. These vary and May. There is some rain in every month of the from small to fairly large buildings and are character- year, but the heaviest precipitation occurs in April. istic of the northern and north-western parts of the The mean maximum temperature ranges between city, including areas such as Oyster Bay; (3) a new 28.6°C (July) and 32.4°C (March), and the mean type of single-storey residential building in the more minimum between 18.1°C (August) and 23.5°C (Janu- recent extensions of the city. The population density ary). Extreme temperatures on any day of the year is highest in the first type of housing and lowest in the second type. Buildings of the last type are usually * From the East Africa Aedes Research Unit, Dar es occupied by more than one family. Salaam, Tanzania. This study was supported jointly by US Public Health Service research grant No. CC 00174 from Abundant and continuous piped water is supplied the National Communicable Disease Centre, Atlanta, Ga., by the city authorities. Most buildings have their USA, and the World Health Organization. own water taps. It is only in some of the most out- I Acting project leader. 2 Ecologist. lying areas that water has to be brought from distant 3Project leader. public taps. Wells are extremely rare. 3057 --615- 616 T. RAMACHANDRA RAO ET AL. co 0 As the water supply is excellent, the practice of E .tco water for domestic purposes -C wE storing for long periods 0) n is not prevalent. Because of the satisfactory pressure C- 0E of the water, even overhead tanks are not as common 2 NNN_-__-_NNNNN 0 as in other large cities. Among the poorer members 10 Ur-N-000! ILO N N' r-0 0 of the community, who are without their own water 0 00 0 0 >. co C (-010( 4- co C') co) 1co0 C'w ( 0 taps, water is stored for short periods in pots or c 0 V)C') v-r-CD0000)0L IOCDC') (%t 0)0LOCON- v D000W metal drums rather than in the large earthenware 'nN 00000NNN___NN'-m"ON (010(0 0 0 jars that are commonly used in other parts of Africa. t, CT) 0 0'- W Nu- 001NU) N N O 0 CD to C9e0 0b0c .CO a O 0)0 METHODS 0) (O 0o C, Single-larva collections according to the technique 0-N0CO)00- CN100v0LOC) r- 0 C) ID developed by Sheppard et al. (1969) were made *0o - C w- 1% 0) C') N)01(000- in 15 districts of the city (Fig. 1). Houses C0 co 00- (0N 0 ., periodically CM N 'M~C')N N N NNNN C and surrounding premises were examined. The sur- N W vey consisted essentially in (a) searching for water 0f 0 00 N C') N NO N N- N NO C') NO CO) C)C' 0 C'n N .Ca 0 b V) C, C')LoLN 0NOLOc4O - - N1- L101O I*00 cC' o,0, NT- LU E 0 00m Z4 co 0) CL 0.- _ C'f) C')m 0- 0 0 N(C')0N N0L(0'- it 0 0 E . to 0 I._ ._ 0) co -J0 leNLO W N- 0)11-co0P- P% LO 0)C, E 0) 0 v014t0- (0Iteq00)1 000 '-0v co 0 0 N co N 2 0(0( (0(0r-L01010(0(0 C con I- 1% 0) Ni 61C')C')4 C')4Ni(000 0 0) 0 0, 0 0' E 0 C, C, I.0 S 00 C._ 0 0 ._ N' 00 0 C. U10(0DeON00"t(0U-0)-r%1-(-qt0 1% 1%(0(14 r CO 10 0))0 0)0)ir:a0) 0)00 0)0)i0):- 0 0 0 -( S_ E x 0-<6orvoo,6o.->xO N(00 NO C')-_%1-w-C 1 C 0 0 S CD C ItCOC' C' C C' r'C')C' C x 0 0 0 cn c. wco N E 10U C-' 0CN N a-0)00 00000) N 0 C, 0 0 ED E 0 cx 0e ~0Q C') C'C)C' C)NCN NC')C')C')C' c )@ co as Co _J (D E LOCDLOLOM____MMM 00 0 SE w- 0) % ON - C)- 0N 1000 "-0 (A cr ni06 a000 CD0, 0 10 0 0. +-x C E w r C4 0O a 040404CoCo N 04 00a.- i- .5 1- D >C1 D (0a- c > C, 0 0D 0 0- 2 M's 0 ED E Fig. 1. Districts of Dar es Salaam searched for breeding places of A. aegypti by the single-larva survey method. SINGLE-LARVA SURVEY METHOD 617 Table 2. Surveys of water-filled containers for A. aegypti larvae, Dar es Salaam, 1968-1971 Period containers Automobile parts Natural cavities Indoor containers Total No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % May 1968 54/439 12.3 5/139 3.6 17/359 4.8 45/542 7.6 121/1 479 7.4 Aug.-Oct. 1968 37/1 818 2.0 8/163 4.9 1/64 0.2 7/3 993 0.2 53/6 038 0.8 Nov. 1 968-Jan. 1969 135/5 440 2.5 55/707 7.8 12/771 1.6 20/7 659 0.3 222/1 457 1.5 April 1969 47/1 130 4.2 16/113 14.2 11/266 4.1 4/1 150 0.3 78/2 656 2.9 May 1969 35/1 038 3.4 18/117 15.4 18/362 5.0 15/1 360 1.1 86/2 877 3.0 June 1969 17/783 2.2 10/109 9.2 2/117 1.7 4/993 0.4 33/2 002 1.6 August 1969 12/681 1.8 5/95 5.5 3/206 1.5 2/658 0.3 22/1 640 1.3 December 1969 6/243 2.5 3/44 6.8 1/12 8.3 0/447 0 10/746 1.3 December 1970 5/762 0.7 0/42 0 0/48 0 0/507 0 5/1 653 0.3 Feb.-Mar. 1971 45/13 233 0.3 3/243 1.2 4/484 0.8 3/6 664 0.05 55/20 614 0.3 May 1971 92/3 066 3.0 4/42 9.5 4/453 0.9 31/4 441 0.7 131/8 002 1.6 July 1971 15/2 556 0.6 5/127 3.9 0/292 0 2/3 923 0.1 29/6 898 0.4 containers, counting them, and classifying them When assessments were commenced in May 1968, according to their type and location (indoors or they served only as a means of rapid reconnaissance. outdoors); (b) examining the containers for the pres- As experience was gained, the survey techniques were ence of A.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Thematic Atlas of Nature's Benefits to Dar Es Salaam
    A Thematic Atlas of Critical reasons for greening the Nature’s Benefits to city and for keeping urban and Dar es Salaam peri-urban ecosystems intact Published by Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ 04318 Leipzig, Germany ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability – Africa Secretariat 7441 Cape Town, South Africa Suggested citation: Karutz R., Berghöfer A., Moore L.R., and van Wyk, E. (2019). A Thematic Atlas of Nature’s Benefits to Dar es Salaam. Leipzig and Cape Town: Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research and ICLEI Africa Secretariat. 78 pages. Disclaimer: These maps do not constitute any official position with regard to any territorial issues, or ongoing disputes. Where possible, official map and data have been used. However, the resulting thematic maps do not represent public decisions on private or public space. The maps are intended as guidance and stimulus for public debate on the future spatial development of Dar es Salaam. Aerial pictures on cover page, back page and chapter headings: Ministry of Lands, Housing and Human Settlements Developments (MLHHSD), 2016. Orthophoto of Dar es Salaam. The Dar es Salaam City Council expressed the need for, and initiated the development of, this Thematic Atlas as a tool to support the strategic prioritisation around greening for improved wellbeing of Dar es Salaam‘s citizens. The Thematic Atlas is acknowledged and supported by the following national Ministries of Tanzania: The President’s Office: Regional Administration and Local Government, The Ministry of Lands, Housing
    [Show full text]
  • Promotion of BAT and BEP to Reduce U-Pops Releases from Waste Open Burning in Tanzania
    UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION (UNIDO) PROMOTION OF BAT AND BET TO REDUCE UPOPS RELEASES FROM WASTE OPEN BURNING IN THE PARTICIPATING AFRICAN COUNTRIES OF SADC SUB- REGION (Tanzania) Baseline Assessment Report Submitted to UNIDO and DOE – VPO, URT Consultant: Report history: Stephen Emmanuel Mbuligwe (PE, PhD), Prepared: December 2018 P. O. Box 32641, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; First update: January 2019 +255 0767 900 145 Second update: February 2019 i PART A: PRELIMINARY ASPECTS i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I was contracted to carry out this assignment by UNIDO and worked under the auspices of both UNIDO and the Division of Environment (VPO). I am grateful to both for this. I especially acknowledge with gladness the guiding and supervisory roles played Erlinda Galvan of UNIDO and Issa Musa Nyashilu of DoE (VPO). Mr. Noel provided special assistance during the initial stages of this assignment, and for this I am very thankful. For their assistance, cooperation, and patience, thanks are due to environmental officers of Dar es Salaam City Council and Ubungo and Kigamboni municipal councils. Local government leaders in the project areas provided assistance and backstopping. This is heartedly acknowledged. Additional words of thanks are due to the following: - Spokespersons and staff of recycling companies and other entities involved in recycling of resources from solid waste, - Spokespersons and staff of companies and other entities involved in composting of solid waste organic fractions, and - Members of communities with whom we interacted or got help from during the course of this assignment. Even though its mention comes towards the end of the acknowledgement list, I owe a lot to Ardhi University for facilitating my execution of this assignment.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Licensed Oil Marketing Companies in Tanzania As of December 2016
    LIST OF LICENSED OIL MARKETING COMPANIES IN TANZANIA AS OF DECEMBER 2016 S/No. Name Address Location District Region 1 Mansoor Oil and Industries Ltd. (MOIL) P.O Box 80218, Dar es salaam Vijibweni area, Kigamboni Temeke Dar es salaam Managing Director, P. O Box 683-ATN 2 ATN Petroleum Company Limited Morogoro Morogoro Morogoro Petroleum Co.Ltd. Morogoro Mafuta Street, P. O. Box 9043, DSM. Tel: 022 3 Puma Energy Tanzania Limited: Mafuta Street, Kurasini Temeke Dar es salaam 2111269/72 Fax: 022 2119649, 2167340 Director, Oilcom Tanzania Limited, P. O. Box 4 Oilcom Tanzania Limited 20831, Dar-Es-Salaam. Tel: 022- Kurasini Temeke Dar es salaam 2125312/2119247/2138082 5 Petroafrica (T) Ltd Yasin H. Warsame, P.O.Box4878, Dar es Salaam Plot No.13, Block "54", Ilala Municipality Ilala Dar es salaam 6 Hass Petroleum (T) Limited P.O Box 78341, Dar es salaam Vijibweni area, Kigamboni Temeke Dar es salaam Director, TSN Oil Tanzania Ltd, 7 TSN Oil Tanzania Ltd. Baraka Plaza, Mwai Kibaki Road Ilala Dar es salaam P.O. Box76085 Managing Director, Total Tanzania Ltd, P O Box 8 Total Tanzania Ltd 1503, Dar-Es-Salaam. Tel: 022 2111672/4 Haile Selessie Road, Masaki Kinondoni Dar es salaam 2121078 Fax: 255 2113307 Managing Director, Camel Oil Tanzania Ltd, P. 9 Camel Oil (T) Ltd Plot No. 287, Kurasini Temeke Dar es salaam O. Box 22786, DSM 10 KOBIL Tanzania Limited P.O Box 2238, Dar es salaam Vijibweni area, Kigamboni Temeke Dar es salaam 11 Gulf Bulk Petroleum (GBP) Tanzania Limited P.O Box 3728, Dar es salaam Plot No.
    [Show full text]
  • Coastal Profile for Tanzania Mainland 2014 District Volume II Including Threats Prioritisation
    Coastal Profile for Tanzania Mainland 2014 District Volume II Including Threats Prioritisation Investment Prioritisation for Resilient Livelihoods and Ecosystems in Coastal Zones of Tanzania List of Contents List of Contents ......................................................................................................................................... ii List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................. x List of Figures ......................................................................................................................................... xiii Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................... xiv Table of Units ....................................................................................................................................... xviii 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 19 Coastal Areas ...................................................................................................................................... 19 Vulnerable Areas under Pressure ..................................................................................................................... 19 Tanzania...........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Socio Economic Profile 2019
    THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA PRESIDENT’S OFFICE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT KIGAMBONI MUNICIPAL COUNCIL SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE 2019 JOINTLY PREPARED BY NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS, AND KIGAMBONI MUNICIPAL COUNCIL National Bureau of Statistics Kigamboni Municipal Council Dodoma Dar es Salaam October 2019 Table of Contents List of Tables .................................................................................................... vii List of Figures .................................................................................................. xvi Abbreviations and Acronyms .......................................................................... x PREFACE ........................................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................ 4 LAND, CLIMATE, AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONES AND PEOPLE.................................................................................... 4 1.0 Introduction ......................................................................................... 4 1.1 Geographical Location ........................................................................ 4 1.2 Spatial Connectivity ............................................................................ 5 1.3 Land Area ............................................................................................ 6 1.4 Administrative Units ...........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Citywide Action Plan for Upgrading Unplanned and Unserviced Settlements in Dar Es Salaam
    Citywide Action Plan for Upgrading Unplanned and Unserviced Settlements in Dar es Salaam DAR ES SALAAM LOCAL AUTHORITIES The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations Secretariat concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the United Nations, and a failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval. Excerpts from the text may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. UN-HABITAT Nairobi, 2010 HS: HS/163/10E ISBN: 978-92-1-132276-7 An electronic version of the final version of this publication will be available for download from the UN-HABITAT web-site at http://www.unhabitat.org /publications UN-HABITAT publications can be obtained from our Regional Offices or directly from: United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) P.O. Box 30030, Nairobi 00100, KENYA Tel: 254 20 7623 120 Fax: 254 20 7624 266/7 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.unhabitat.org Photo credits: Rasmus Precht (front cover), Samuel Friesen (back cover) Layout: Godfrey Munanga & Eugene Papa Printing: Publishing Services Section, Nairobi, ISO 14001:2004 - certified. Citywide Action Plan for Upgrading Unplanned and Unserviced Settlements in Dar
    [Show full text]
  • The New Kigamboni City: Prospects and Challenges
    THE NEW KIGAMBONI CITY: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES RESEARCH REPORT By HAKIARDHI DAR ES SALAAM-TANZANIA MARCH, 2012 i Table of Contents List of Acronyms .................................................................................................................. iv Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................. vi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 1 1.0 Background ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The Objectives of the Assignment .................................................................................. 2 1.2 Technical Approach to the Assessment .......................................................................... 3 1.3 Methodology and Data Collection Methods .................................................................. 4 (a) Literature Review ........................................................................................................... 4 (b) Consultations with Stakeholders .................................................................................... 4 (c) Interviews ....................................................................................................................... 5 (d) Field Observation ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Dar Es Salaam Transport Policy and System Development Master Plan TECHNICAL REPORT 5 –Master Plan Evaluation
    No. Dar es Salaam City Council The United Republic of Tanzania Dar es Salaam Transport Policy and System Development Master Plan Technical Report 5 Master Plan Evaluation June 2008 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY PACIFIC CONSULTANTS INTERNATIONAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECT CONSULTANTS EI J R 08-009 Dar es Salaam City Council The United Republic of Tanzania Dar es Salaam Transport Policy and System Development Master Plan Technical Report 5 Master Plan Evaluation June 2008 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY PACIFIC CONSULTANTS INTERNATIONAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECT CONSULTANTS Dar es Salaam Transport Policy and System Development Master Plan TECHNICAL REPORT 5 –Master Plan Evaluation Table of Contents Chapter 1 Multi Criteria Analysis 1.1 The Goal Achievement Matrix................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.1 Why Multi Criteria Analysis ?....................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.2 Goal Achievement Matrix ............................................................................................. 1-2 1.1.3 Expanding project appreciation ..................................................................................... 1-4 1.1.4 GAM versus CBA ......................................................................................................... 1-4 1.1.5 Conclusion..................................................................................................................... 1-6 Chapter 2 GAM Framework 2.1 Building
    [Show full text]
  • In Search of Urban Recreational Ecosystem Services in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
    Environment for Development Discussion Paper Series March 2018 EfD DP 18-06 In Search of Urban Recreational Ecosystem Services in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Byela Tibesigwa, Razack Lokina, Fred Kasalirwe, Richard Jacob, Julieth Tibanywana, and Gabriel Makuka Environment for Development Centers Central America Chile China Research Program in Economics and Research Nucleus on Environmental and Environmental Economics Program in China Environment for Development in Central Natural Resource Economics (NENRE) (EEPC) America Tropical Agricultural Research and Universidad de Concepción Peking University Higher Education Center (CATIE) India Colombia Ethiopia Centre for Research on the Economics of The Research Group on Environmental, Environment and Climate Research Center Climate, Food, Energy, and Environment, Natural Resource and Applied Economics (ECRC) (CECFEE), at Indian Statistical Institute, New Studies (REES-CEDE), Universidad de los Ethiopian Development Research Institute Delhi, India Andes, Colombia (EDRI) Kenya South Africa Sweden School of Economics Environmental Economics Policy Research Environmental Economics Unit University of Nairobi Unit (EPRU) University of Gothenburg University of Cape Town Tanzania USA (Washington, DC) Vietnam Environment for Development Tanzania Resources for the Future (RFF) University of Economics University of Dar es Salaam Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam In Search of Urban Recreational Ecosystem Services in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Byela Tibesigwa, Razack Lokina, Fred Kasalirwe, Richard Jacob, Julieth Tibanywana,
    [Show full text]
  • Inside This Issue
    ISSN 1821-5092 Vol. XII Number 1 January - March, 2016 The Kigamboni Bridge project , Dar es Salaam Inside this issue • Norway to continue supporting Tanzania’s female graduate engineers • Kigamboni Bridge Project: Facts, figures - and lessons learnt • An Experience of Demolition Works on Multi-Storey Building along Indira Ghandi/Asia Street, Dar es Salaam CONTENTS An ethical issue: Should one quit or turn a blind eye to corruption? Inside ERB .....................................................4 We have come to know that during SEAP you have a sponsor at work, “a personal monitoring visits in the Lake Zone recently, champion in the system who is willing to Norway to continue supporting Tanzania’s the Board met some employers who were support you and back you up as you raise complaining that “most trainees have no the issues you see,” she says. If you have female graduate engineers ............................6 engineering ethics on how to behave.” We this legal protection available, and you feel also know that the Registrar urged those comfortable approaching your sponsor SEAP monitoring visits reveal low number of trainees “to avoid any corrupt practices.” with your concerns, that’s the most direct No doubt the trainees have formidable approach. female engineers in Tanzania .........................6 challenges but we believe they are not alone in this: Ethical issues are commonplace, If not, you’ll have to take the covert route. Work Ethic, Kigamboni Bridge Project: Facts, figures - and according a twice-monthly Wrzesniewski suggests coming up with column on BBC Capital, which considers a new idea for an old problem that could lessons learnt .............................................. 10 ethical dilemmas that workers face around subtly replace corrupt practices.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution and Status of Coastal Habitats and Resources in Tanzania
    DISTRIBUTION AND STATUS OF COASTAL HABITATS AND RESOURCES IN TANZANIA Prepared by Dr. Christopher A. Muhando Institute of Marine Sciences ([email protected]) and Mr. Chikambi K. Rumisha Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism ([email protected]) Draft Report submitted to WWF – Dar es Salaam July 2008 DISTRIBUTION AND STATUS OF COASTAL HABITATS AND RESOURCES Executive summary The most important coastal habitats, such as mangroves, coral reefs, estuaries, important bird areas and turtle nesting sites in Tanzania have been described and mapped. Mapping of seagrass beds is still pending. Fishery is the first parameter to be considered in case of gas and oil spills or any other pollutant along the Tanzania coast. Detailed introduction to fisheries and associated resources has been provided. The location of important fishing grounds (demersal, small and large pelagic, prawn fishing grounds, trawlable and non trawlable areas and fish aggregations) have been described and mapped. Fin-fish resources (demersal fish, small and large pelagics, etc) as well as lobsters, octopus, shelled molluscs have been described. The distribution and or sighting of Important non-fishery resources, sometimes so called charismatic species such as dolphins, coelacanths, dugongs, turtles, sharks whales has been described and mapped. Information on coastal infrastructure, e.g., fish landing sites and facilities, as well as tourist attractions and/or facilities, e.g. historical sites, dives sites, sport fishing sites and coastal Hotels/Resorts have been listed and/or mapped. The location of Oil and gas exploration or extraction sites have been described and mapped (to approximate locations). The important ocean currents which influence the coastal waters of Tanzania, i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • New City Visions and the Politics of Redevelopment in Dar Es Salaam
    ILDA JENNIFER ANDREW LINDELL NORSTRÖM BYERLEY NEW CITY VISIONS AND THE POLITICS OF REDEVELOPMENT IN DAR ES SALAAM NEW CITY VISIONS AND THE POLITICS OF REDEVELOPMENT IN DAR ES SALAAM Ilda Lindell Jennifer Norström Andrew Byerley NORDISKA AFRIKAINSTITUTET UPPSALA 2016 INDEXING TERMS: New towns Urban planning Urban policy Urban development Resettlement Urban renewal Urbanism Tanzania, Dar es Salaam New City visions and the politics of redevelopment in Dar es Salaam NAI Working Paper 2016:1 Ilda Lindell, Jennifer Norström and Andrew Byerley Jennifer Norström designed the field study, collected and analysed the field data and wrote a lengthier report (Norström, 2013), on which this paper draws. ISBN 978-91-7106-796-8 pdf ISBN 978-91-7106-797-5 epub © 2016 The authors and the Nordic Africa Institute. Cover photo: Plan for the New Kigamboni City. Illustration from the Dar es Salaam Master Plan 2012-2032. Adapted from presentation by Ministry of Lands, Housing and Human Settlements Development (MLHHSD), 2013. Layout: Henrik Alfredsson, The Nordic Africa Institute Print on demand: Lightning Source UK Ltd. The opinions expressed in this volume are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Nordic Africa Institute. This book is made available as an e-book and as a pdf-book under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Licence. Further details regarding permitted usage can be found at www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................... 5 Introduction .................................................................................................... 7 Global urban ideals and urban planning ........................................................... 9 Research methods ........................................................................................
    [Show full text]