A&A 523, A32 (2010) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201014892 & c ESO 2010 Astrophysics Local-Group tests of dark-matter concordance cosmology Towards a new paradigm for structure formation P. Kroupa1,B.Famaey1,2,,K.S.deBoer1, J. Dabringhausen1,M.S.Pawlowski1,C.M.Boily2,H.Jerjen3, D. Forbes4, G. Hensler5, and M. Metz1, 1 Argelander Institute for Astronomy, University of Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, Germany e-mail: [pavel;deboer;joedab;mpawlow]@astro.uni-bonn.de;
[email protected] 2 Observatoire Astronomique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7550, 67000 Strasbourg, France e-mail: [benoit.famaey;christian.boily]@astro.unistra.fr 3 Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, ANU, Mt. Stromlo Observatory, Weston ACT2611, Australia e-mail:
[email protected] 4 Centre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne University, Hawthorn VIC 3122, Australia e-mail:
[email protected] 5 Institute of Astronomy, University of Vienna, Türkenschanzstr. 17, 1180 Vienna, Austria e-mail:
[email protected] Received 29 April 2010 / Accepted 28 May 2010 ABSTRACT Predictions of the concordance cosmological model (CCM) of the structures in the environment of large spiral galaxies are compared with observed properties of Local Group galaxies. Five new, most probably irreconcilable problems are uncovered: 1) A wide variety of published CCM models consistently predict some form of relation between dark-matter-mass and luminosity for the Milky Way (MW) satellite galaxies, but none is observed. 2) The mass function of luminous sub-haloes predicted by the CCM contains too few 7 satellites with dark matter (DM) mass ≈10 M within their innermost 300 pc than in the case of the MW satellites.