ARLINGTON COUNTY NATIVE PLANT LIST (Version 9-1-20)

The following list of vascular plants are considered native to Arlington County as initially determined through extensive flora inventories conducted from 2005-2009. This document can be considered to be accurate, but not complete. This listing will be updated periodically, identified by (Version Date), as additional species are identified.

As work progresses on producing a definitive native flora list, a secondary source for checking the nativity status of a questioned species is the Digital Flora Atlas of Virginia – found at http://vaplantatlas.org/ . It is important to note that some species are periodically reclassified by the scientific community and may experience a change in genus name or family classification.

Responsibility for updates and list maintenance resides with the Natural Resource Manager within the Department of Parks, Recreation and Cultural Resources (PRCR).

PTERIDOPHYTA FERNS & FERN ALLIES

Aspleniaceae Spleenwort Family Asplenium platyneuron Ebony Spleenwort

Dennstaedtiaceae Bracken Fern Family Dennstaedtia punctilobula Hay-scented Fern Pteridium aquilinum Bracken Fern

Dryopteridaceae Wood Fern Family Athyrium asplenioides Lady Fern Cystopteris protrusa Lowland Brittle Fern Deparia acrostichoides Silvery Glade Fern

Dryopteris carthusiana Spinulose Wood Fern Dryopteris intermedia Evergreen Wood Fern Dryopteris marginalis Marginal Wood Fern Homalosorus pycnocarpos Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive Fern Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas Fern Woodsia obtusa Blunt-lobed Woodsia

Equisetaceae Horsetail Family Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail

Lycopodiaceae Clubmoss Family Lycopodium digitatum Fan Clubmoss Lycopodium lucidulum Shining Clubmoss Lycopodium obscurum Ground Pine

Ophioglossaceae Adder's Tongue Family Botrychium dissectum Cut-leaved Grape Fern Botrychium virginianum Rattlesnake Fern

Osmundaceae Royal Fern Family Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern Osmunda claytoniana Interrupted Fern Osmunda regalis Royal Fern

Polypodiaceae Polypody Fern Family Polypodium virginianum Rock Polypody

Pteridaceae Maidenhair Fern Family Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair Fern

Selaginellaceae Spikemoss Family Selaginella apoda Meadow Spikemoss

Thelypteridaceae Marsh Fern Family Phegopteris hexagonoptera Broad Beech Fern Thelypteris noveboracensis New York Fern Thelypteris palustris Marsh Fern

GYMNOSPERMAE GYMNOSPERMS

Cupressaceae Cypress Family Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar

Pinaceae Pine Family Pinus echinata Shortleaf Pine Pinus rigida Pitch Pine Pinus virginiana Virginia Pine Tsuga canadensis Eastern Hemlock

MONOCOTYLEDONEAE MONOCOTYLEDONS

Acoraceae Calamus Family Acorus calamus Sweetflag

Agavaceae Century-plant Family Yucca filamentosa Adam's Needle

Alismataceae Water-plantain Family Alisma subcordatum Water-plantain Sagittaria latifolia Common Arrowhead

Araceae Arum Family Arisaema triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit Peltandra virginica Arrow Arum Symplocarpus foetidus Skunk Cabbage

Commelinaceae Spiderwort Family Commelina virginica Virginia Dayflower Tradescantia virginiana Virginia Spiderwort

Cyperaceae Sedge Family Carex aggregata Glomerate Sedge Carex albicans v. albicans White-tinged Sedge Carex albicans v. emmonsii Emmons' Sedge Carex albolutescens Green-White Sedge Carex amphibola Narrow-leaved Sedge Carex annectans Yellow-fruit Sedge Carex atlantica v. atlantica Bog Sedge Carex blanda Charming Sedge Carex bromoides Brome-like Sedge Carex caroliniana Carolina Sedge Carex cephalophora Oval-leaved Sedge Carex communis Fibrous-rooted Sedge Carex comosa Bearded Sedge Carex crinita Fringed Sedge Carex davisii Davis' Sedge Carex debilis White-edged Sedge Carex digitalis Slender Woodland Sedge Carex emoryii Emory's Sedge Carex frankii Frank's Sedge Carex glaucodea Blue Sedge Carex gracilescens Slender Loose-flowered Sedge Carex gracillima Graceful Sedge Carex granularis Limestone Meadow Sedge Carex grayi Asa Gray's Sedge Carex grisea Inflated Narrow-leaved Sedge Carex gynandra Nodding Sedge Carex hirsutella Hirsute Sedge Carex hirtifolia Pubescent Sedge Carex intumescens Bladder Sedge Carex laevivaginata Smooth-sheathed Sedge Carex laxiculmis Spreading Sedge Carex laxiflora Loose-flowered Sedge Carex longii Long's Sedge Carex lurida Sallow Sedge Carex mesochorea Midland Sedge Carex muhlenbergii Muhlenberg's Sedge Carex nigromarginata Black Edge Sedge Carex ovales group - await id ask Rod Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania Sedge Carex platyphylla Broad-leaved Sedge Carex radiata Eastern Star Sedge Carex rosea Rose Sedge Carex scoparia Pointed Broom Sedge Carex seorsa Weak Stellate Sedge Carex shortiana Short's Sedge Carex stipata var. stipata Awl-fruited Sedge Carex stricta Tussock Sedge Carex styloflexa Bent Sedge Carex swanii Swan's Sedge Carex tonsa Shaved Sedge Carex tribuloides Blunt Broom Sedge Carex umbellata Umbellate Sedge Carex virescens Ribbed Sedge Carex vulpinoidea Foxtail Sedge Carex willdenowii Willdenow's Sedge Cyperus echinatus Globe Flatsedge Cyperus erythrorhizos Red-rooted Galingale Cyperus odoratus Fragrant Galingale Cyperus strigosus Straw-colored Flatsedge Eleocharis obtusa Blunt Spikerush Eleocharis tenuis Slender Spikerush Kyllinga pumila Low Spikesedge Lipocarpha micrantha Dwarf Bulrush Schoenoplectus fluviatilis River Bulrush Schoenoplectus pungens Three-square Schoenoplectus validus Soft-stemmed Bulrush Scirpus cyperinus Woolgrass Scirpus georgianus Georgia Bulrush Scirpus polyphyllus Leafy Bulrush

Dioscoreaceae Yam Family Dioscorea quaternata Four-leaved Wild Yam Dioscorea villosa Wild Yam

Iridaceae Iris Family Sisyrinchium angustifolium Narrow-leaved Blue-eyed Grass

Juncaceae Rush Family Juncus effusus Soft Rush Juncus tenuis Path Rush Luzula bulbosa Bulbous Woodrush Luzula echinata Hedgehog Woodrush

Liliaceae Lily Family Allium canadense Meadow Garlic Allium tricoccum Wild Ramp Erythronium americanum Yellow Trout Lily Hypoxis hirsuta Yellow Stargrass Lilium superbum Turk's Cap Lily Maianthemum racemosum Solomon's Plume Maianthemum stellatum Starry Solomon's Plume Medeola virginiana Indian Cucumber Root Polygonatum biflorum Solomon's Seal Polygonatum canaliculatum Giant Solomons Seal Trillium sessile Toadshade Uvularia perfoliata Perfoliate Bellwort Uvularia sessilifolia Sessile Bellwort Veratrum viride False Hellebore

Orchidaceae Orchid Family Aplectrum hyemale Puttyroot Tipularia discolor Cranefly Orchid

Poaceae Grass Family Agrostis perennans Autumn Bentgrass Alopecurus carolinianus Tufted Meadow Foxtail Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem Andropogon virginicus Broomsedge Aristida dichotoma Churchmouse Three-awn Aristida oligantha Prairie Three-awn Brachyelytrum erectum Bearded Shorthusk Chasmanthium latifolium River Oats Chasmanthium laxum Slender Wood Oats Cinna arundinaceum Stout Woodreed Danthonia spicata Poverty Oatgrass Dichanthelium acuminatum Tapered Rosette Grass Dichanthelium boscii Bosc's Rosette Grass Dichanthelium clandestinum Deertongue Grass Dichanthelium commutatum Variable Rosette Grass Dichanthelium dichotomum Cypress Rosette Grass Dichanthelium scoparium Velvety Rosette Grass Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon Round-seeded Rosette Grass Echinochloa walteri Walter's Millet Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush Grass Elymus riparius Riverbank Wild Rye Elymus virginicus Virginia Wild Rye Elymus villosus Hairy Wild Rye Eragrostis hypnoides Teal Lovegrass Eragrostis spectabilis Purple Lovegrass Festuca subverticillata Nodding Fescue Glyceria striata Fowl Manna Grass Hordeum pusillum Little Barley Leersia oryzoides Rice Cutgrass Leersia virginica White Grass Melica mutica Two-flowered Melic Grass Muhlenbergia schreberi Nimblewill Muhlenbergia sobolifera Rock Muhly Panicum anceps Beaked Panicgrass Panicum dichotomiflorum Fall Witchgrass Panicum virgatum Switch Grass Paspalum laeve Smooth Paspalum Paspalum pubiflorum Hairy-seed Crown Grass Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary Grass Phragmites australis Wild Reed Poa autumnalis Autumn Bluegrass Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem Sorghastrum nutans Indian Grass Spartina pectinata Freshwater Cordgrass Sphenopholis intermedia Slender Wedgescale Sphenopholis nitida Shiny Wedgescale Tridens flavus Purpletop Tripsacum dactyloides Eastern Gamagrass Vulpia octoflora Six-weeks Fescue

Pontederiaceae Pickerelweed Family Heteranthera dubia Grass-leaved Mud-plantain Heteranthera reniformis Kidney-leaved Mud-plantain Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed

Smilacaceae Greenbrier Family Smilax glauca Glaucous Greenbrier Smilax herbacea Smooth Carrion Flower Smilax pulverulenta Downy Carrion Flower Smilax rotundifolia Round-leaved Greenbrier Smilax tamnoides Bristly Greenbrier

Typhaceae Cattail Family Typha angustifolia Narrow-leaved Cattail Typha latifolia Common Cattail

DICOTYLEDONEAE DICOTYLEDONS

Acanthaceae Acanthus Family Justicia americana Waterwillow Ruellia caroliniensis Hairy Wild Petunia

Aceraceae Maple Family Acer negundo Box Elder Acer rubrum Red Maple Acer saccharinum Silver Maple Acer saccharum Sugar Maple

Amaranthaceae Amaranth Family Amaranthus cannabinus Water Hemp Amaranthus hybridus Smooth Pigweed

Anacardiaceae Cashew Family Rhus copallina Winged Sumac Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac Toxicodendron radicans Poison Ivy Toxicodendron vernix Poison Sumac

Annonaceae Custard-apple Family Asimina triloba Papaw

Apiaceae Parsley Family Angelica venenosa Hairy Angelica Chaerophyllum procumbens Spreading Chervil Chaerophyllum tainturieri Southern Chervil Cicuta maculata Water Hemlock Cryptotaenia canadensis Honewort Osmorhiza claytonii Hairy Sweet Cicely Osmorhiza longistylis Sweet Cicely Sanicula canadensis Black Snakeroot Sanicula gregaria Clustered Sanicle Spermolipis echinata Bristly-fruited Spermolepis Taenidia integerrima Yellow Pimpernel Zizia aurea Golden Alexanders

Apocynaceae Dogbane Family Apocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp

Aquifoliaceae Holly Family Ilex opaca American Holly Ilex verticillata Winterberry

Araliaceae Ginseng Family Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla Aralia racemosa Spikenard Aralia spinosa Devil's Walking Stick Panax trifolius Dwarf Ginseng

Aristolochiaceae Birthwort Family Aristolochia serpentaria Virginia Snakeroot Asarum canadense Wild Ginger

Asclepiadaceae Milkweed Family Asclepias incarnata Swamp Milkweed Asclepias syriaca Common Milkweed Asclepias tuberosa Orange Milkweed Cynanchum laeve Honeyvine

Asteraceae Aster Family Achillea millefolium Common Yarrow Ageratina altissima White Snakeroot Ambrosia artemisiifolia Common Ragweed Ambrosia trifida Giant Ragweed Antennaria plantaginifolia Plantain-leaved Pussytoes Antennaria solitaria Solitary Pussytoes Aster cordifolius Blue Wood Aster Aster divaricatus White Wood Aster Aster dumosus Bushy Aster Aster infirmus Cornel-leaved Aster Aster lanceolatus Tall White Aster Aster lateriflorus Calico Aster Aster pilosus White Oldfield Aster Aster puniceus Purple-stemmed Aster Aster shortii Short's Aster Aster vimineus Small White Aster Bidens cernua Nodding Bur Marigold Bidens bipinnata Spanish Needles Bidens connata Swamp Beggar-ticks Bidens frondosa Devil's Beggar-ticks Bidens polylepis Tickseed Sunflower Chrysopsis mariana Maryland Golden Aster Conyza canadensis Horseweed Coreopsis verticillata Whorled Tickseed Eclipta prostrata Yerba de Tajo Elephantopus carolinianus Elephant's-foot Erechtites hieraciifolia Pilewort, Fireweed Erigeron annuus Daisy Fleabane Erigeron philadelphicus Common Fleabane Erigeron strigosus Prairie Fleabane Eupatorium altissimum Tall Thoroughwort Eupatorium coelestinum Mistflower Eupatorium fistulosum Hollow Joe-pye-weed Eupatorium godfreyanum Godfrey's Thoroughwort Eupatorium hyssopifolium Hyssop-leaved Thoroughwort Eupatorium perfoliatum Boneset Eupatorium purpureum Sweet Joe-pye-weed Eupatorium rotundifolium v. ov Round-leaved Thoroughwort Eupatorium serotinum Late-flowering Thoroughwort Eupatorium sessilifolium Upland Boneset Euthamia graminifolia Grass-leaved Goldenrod Euth. graminifolia var. nuttallii Nuttall's Goldenrod Gnaphalium obtusifolium Sweet Everlasting Helenium autumnale Yellow Sneezeweed Helianthus decapetalus Thin-leaved Sunflower Helianthus divaricatus Woodland Sunflower Helianthus strumosus Pale-leaved Sunflower Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem Artichoke Hieracium gronovii Hairy Hawkweed Hieracium paniculatum Panicled Hawkweed Hieracium scabrum Rough Hawkweed Hieracium venosum Rattlesnake Weed Krigia dandelion Potato Dandelion Lactuca biennis Wild Blue Lettuce Lactuca canadensis Wild Yellow Lettuce Lactuca floridana Woodland Lettuce Mikania scandens Climbing Hempvine Packera anonyma Small's Ragwort Packera aurea Golden Ragwort Polymnia canadensis White-flowered Leafcup Prenanthes serpentaria Lion's Foot Rudbeckia hirta Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia laciniata Green Coneflower Sericocarpus asteroides White-topped Aster Smallanthus uvedalius Hairy Leafcup Solidago altissima Tall Goldenrod Solidago bicolor Silverrod Solidago caesia Blue-stemmed Goldenrod Solidago erecta Erect Goldenrod Solidago flexicaulis Zig-zag Goldenrod Solidago gigantea Late Goldenrod Solidago juncea Early Goldenrod Solidago rugosa Rough Goldenrod Solidago racemosa Riverbank/Sticky Goldenrod Solidago ulmifolia Elm-leaved Goldenrod Verbesina alternifolia Wingstem Verbesina occidentalis Crownbeard Vernonia glauca Upland Ironweed Vernonia noveboracensis New York Ironweed Xanthium strumarium Rough Cocklebur

Balsaminaceae Touch-me-not Family Impatiens capensis Orange Jewelweed Impatiens pallida Yellow Jewelweed

Berberidaceae Barberry Family Podophyllum peltatum Mayapple

Betulaceae Birch Family Alnus serrulata Common Alder Betula nigra River Birch Carpinus caroliniana Ironwood Corylus americana American Hazelnut Ostrya virginiana Hop Hornbeam

Bignoniaceae Bignonia Family Campsis radicans Trumpet Creeper Bignonia capreolata Cross Vine

Boraginaceae Borage Family Mertensia virginica Virginia Bluebells Myosotis laxa Small Forget-me-not

Brassicaceae Mustard Family Arabis laevigata Smooth Rockcress Cardamine angustata Broad-leaved Toothwort Cardamine bulbosa Spring Cress Cardamine concatenata Cut-leaved Toothwort Cardamine parviflora Small-flowered Bittercress Cardamine pensylvanica Pennsylvania Bittercress Lepidium virginicum Poor-man's Pepper Rorippa palustris Marsh Yellow Cress

Campanulaceae Bellflower Family Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower Lobelia inflata Indian Tobacco Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia Triodanis perfoliata Venus' Looking Glass

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family Lonicera sempervirens Trumpet Honeysuckle Sambucus canadensis Elderberry Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Coralberry Viburnum acerifolium Maple-leaved Viburnum Viburnum dentatum Arrowwood Viburnum nudum Swamp Haw Viburnum prunifolium Black Haw

Caryophyllaceae Pink Family Cerastium arvense Field Chickweed Paronychia canadensis Forked Chickweed Sagina decumbens Trailing Pearlwort Silene antirrhina Sleepy Catchfly Silene stellata Starry Campion Stellaria pubera Star Chickweed

Celastraceae Staff Tree Family Euonymus americanus Strawberry Bush

Chenopodiaceae Goosefoot Family Chenopodium berlandieri Pitseed Goosefoot

Cistaceae Rockrose Family Lechea racemulosa Pinweed

Clusiaceae St. John's-wort Family Hypericum hypericoides St. Andrew's Cross Hypericum mutilum Dwarf St. John's Wort Hypericum punctatum Dotted St. John's Wort

Convolvulaceae Morning Glory Family Calystegia sepium Hedge Bindweed Ipomoea lacunosa Small-flowered Morning-Glory Ipomoea pandurata Wild Potato Vine

Cornaceae Dogwood Family Cornus alternifolia Pagoda Dogwood Cornus amomum Silky Dogwood Cornus florida Flowering Dogwood

Curcurbitaceae Gourd Family Sicyos angulatus Bur Cucumber

Cuscutaceae Dodder Family Cuscuta gronovii Common Dodder Cuscuta pentagona Five-angled Dodder

Ebenaceae Ebony Family Diospyros virginiana Persimmon

Ericaceae Heath Family Epigaea repens Trailing Arbutus Gaylussacia baccata Black Huckleberry Gaylussacia frondosa Dangleberry Kalmia latifolia Mountain Laurel Leucothoe racemosa Fetterbush Lyonia ligustrina Maleberry Rhododendron maximum Rosebay Rhododendron periclymenoides Pinxterbloom Rhododendron viscosum Swamp Azalea Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush Blueberry Vaccinium fuscatum Black Highbush Blueberry Vaccinium pallidum Lowbush Blueberry Vaccinium stamineum Deerberry

Euphorbiaceae Spurge Family Acalypha gracilens Slender Three-seeded Mercury Acalypha rhomboidea Three-seeded Mercury Acalypha virginica Virginia Three-seeded Mercury Chamaesyce maculata Spotted Spurge Chamaescye nutans Eyebane Euphorbia corollata Flowering Spurge

Fabaceae Legume Family Amphicarpa bracteata Hog Peanut Apios americana Groundnut Baptisia australis Blue Wild Indigo Baptisia tinctoria Yellow Wild Indigo Cercis canadensis Redbud Chamaecrista fasciculata Large-flowered Partridge Pea Chamaecrista nictitans Sensitive Plant Clitoria mariana Butterfly Pea Desmodium glabellum Dillen's Tick Trefoil Desmodium glutinosum Pointed-leaved Tick Trefoil Desmodium nudiflorum Naked-flowered Tick Trefoil Desmodium paniculatum Panicled Tick Trefoil Desmodium perplexum Perplexed Tick Trefoil Gleditsia triacanthos Honey Locust Lespedeza intermedia Intermediate Bush Clover Lespedeza procumbens Trailing Bush Clover Lespedeza repens Creeping Bush Clover Lespedeza virginica Virginia Bush Clover Phaseolus polystachios Wild Bean Robinia pseudoacacia Black Locust Senna hebecarpa Northern Wild Senna Strophostyles helvula Trailing Wild Bean Stylosanthes biflora Pencil Flower

Fagaceae Beech Family Castanea dentata American Chestnut Castanea pumila Chinquapin Fagus grandifolia American Beech Quercus alba White Oak Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak Quercus coccinea Scarlet Oak Quercus falcata Southern Red Oak Quercus marilandica Blackjack Oak Quercus montana Chestnut Oak Quercus michauxi Swamp Chestnut Oak Quercus muhlenbergii Chinquapin Oak Quercus palustris Pin Oak Quercus phellos Willow Oak Quercus rubra Northern Red Oak Quercus stellata Post Oak Quercus velutina Black Oak Quercus x bushii Bush's Oak (Black + Blackjack) Quercus x fontana (Scarlet + Black) Quercus x heterophylla Bartram's Oak (Red + Willow) Quercus x jackiana Swamp White + White Quercus x rudkini Rudkin's Oak (Blackjack + Willow) Quercus x saulii Saul's Oak (White + Chestnut) Quercus x subfalcata (Southern Red + Willow) Quercus x substellata (Post + Swamp White) Quercus x willdenoviana Willdenow's Oak (S. Red + Black)

Fumariaceae Fumitory Family Corydalis flavula Yellow Corydalis Dicentra canadensis Squirrel Corn Dicentra cucullaria Dutchman's Breeches

Gentianaceae Gentian Family Sabatia angularis Rose Pink

Geraniaceae Geranium Family Geranium caroliniana Carolina Cranesbill Geranium maculatum Wild Geranium

Hamamelidaceae Witch Hazel Family Hamamelis virginiana Witch Hazel Liquidamber styraciflua Sweet Gum

Hydrangeaceae Hydrangea Family Hydrangea arborescens Wild Hydrangea

Hydrophyllaceae Waterleaf Family Hydrophyllum canadense Canada Waterleaf Hydrophyllum virginianum Virginia Waterleaf Phacelia ranunculacea Coville's Phacelia

Iteaceae Virginia Willow Family Itea virginica Sweet Spires; Tassel-white

Juglandaceae Walnut Family Carya cordiformis Bitternut Hickory Carya glabra Pignut Hickory Carya ovalis Sweet Pignut Hickory Carya tomentosa Mockernut Hickory Juglans cinerea Butternut Juglans nigra Black Walnut

Lamiaceae Mint Family Collinsonia canadensis Stoneroot, Richweed Cunila origanoides Wild Dittany Hedeoma pulegioides American Pennyroyal Lycopus americanus Cut-leaved Water Horehound Lycopus rubellus Stalked Water Horehound Lycopus virginicus Virginia Bugleweed Mentha arvensis Wild Mint Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot Physostegia virginiana Obedient Plant Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Narrow-leaved Mountain Mint Salvia lyrata Lyre-leaved Sage Scutellaria elliptica Hairy Skullcap Scutellaria lateriflora Mad Dog Skullcap Scutellaria serrata Showy Skullcap Stachys tenuifolia Smooth Hedge Nettle Teucrium canadense Germander

Lauraceae Laurel Family Lindera benzoin Spicebush Sassafras albidum Sassafras

Lythraceae Loosestrife Family Ammania coccinea Scarlet Ammania; Valley Redstem Cuphea viscosissima Blue Waxweed Rotala ramosior Tooth Cup

Magnoliaceae Magnolia Family Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip Tree Magnolia tripetala Umbrella Magnolia Magnolia virginiana Sweet Bay

Malvaceae Mallow Family Hibiscus laevis Halberd-leaved Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos Crimson-eyed Rose Mallow Sida hermaphrodita Virginia Mallow Sida spinosa Prickly Sida

Menispermaceae Moonseed Family Menispermum canadense Moonseed

Molluginaceae Carpetweed Family

Monotropaceae Indian Pipe Family Monotropa uniflora Indian Pipe

Moraceae Mulberry Family Morus rubra Red Mulberry

Nymphaeaceae Water Lily Family Nuphar lutea Spadderdock Nymphaea odorata Fragrant Water Lily

Nyssaceae Sour Gum Family Nyssa sylvatica Black Gum

Oleaceae Olive Family Chionanthus virginicus Fringe Tree Fraxinus americana White Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green Ash Fraxinus profunda Pumpkin Ash

Onagraceae Evening Primrose Family Circaea lutetiana Enchanter's Nightshade Epilobium coloratum Purple-leaved Willowherb Ludwigia alternifolia Seedbox Ludwigia palustris Water Purslane; Marsh Seedbox Oenothera biennis Common Evening Primrose

Orobanchaceae Broomrape Family Conopholis americana Squawroot Epifagus virginiana Beechdrops

Oxalidaceae Wood Sorrel Family Oxalis dillenii Slender Wood Sorrel Oxalis stricta Common Wood Sorrel Oxalis violacea Violet Wood Sorrel

Papaveraceae Poppy Family Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot

Passifloraceae Passionflower Family Passiflora incarnata Purple Passionflower Passiflora lutea Yellow Passionflower

Phrymaceae Lopseed Family Phryma leptostachya Lopseed

Phytolaccaceae Pokeweed Family Phytolacca americana Pokeweed

Plantaginaceae Plantain Family Plantago rugelii Broad-leaved Plantain Plantago virginica Dwarf Plantain

Platanaceae Planetree Family Platanus occidentalis Sycamore

Polemoniaceae Phlox Family Phlox divaricata Wild Blue Phlox Phlox paniculata Summer Phlox; Garden Phlox

Polygonaceae Buckwheat Family Polygonum amphibium Water Smartweed Polygonum arifolium Halberd-leaved Tearthumb Polygonum erectum Erect Knotweed Polygonum lapathifolium Dock-leaved Smartweed Polygonum pensylvanicum Pennsylvania Smartweed Polygonum punctatum Dotted Smartweed Polygonum sagittatum Arrow-leaved Tearthumb Polygonum scandens Climbing False Buckwheat Polygonum virginianum Jumpseed Rumex altissimus Tall Dock

Portulacaceae Purslane Family Claytonia virginica Spring Beauty

Primulaceae Primrose Family Lysimachia ciliata Fringed Yellow Loosestrife Lysimachia quadrifolia Whorled Loosestrife

Pyrolaceae Wintergreen Family Chimaphila maculata Spotted Wintergreen Pyrola rotundifolia Round-leaved Pyrola

Ranunculaceae Buttercup Family Anemone quinquefolia Wood Anemone Aquilegia canadensis Columbine Cimicifuga racemosa Black Cohosh Clematis viorna Leatherflower Hepatica americana Round-lobed Hepatica Ranunculus abortivus Kidney-leaved Buttercup Ranunculus recurvatus Hooked Crowfoot Ranunculus sceleratus Cursed Crowfoot Ranunculus septentrionalis Swamp Buttercup Thalictrum coriaceum Steele's Meadowrue Thalictrum dioicum Early Meadowrue Thalictrum pubescens Tall Meadowrue Thalictrum thalictroides Rue Anemone

Rosaceae Rose Family Agrimonia parviflora Small-flowered Agrimony Agrimonia rostellata Woodland Agrimony Amelanchier arborea Downy Serviceberry Amelanchier canadensis Eastern Serviceberry Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokeberry Aruncus dioicus Goat's Beard Crataegus intricata Entangled Hawthorn Crataegus macrosperma Variable Hawthorn Crataegus pruinosa Frosted Hawthorn Crataegus viridis Green Hawthorn Fragaria virginiana Wild Strawberry Geum canadense White Avens Geum vernum Spring Avens Penthorum sedoides Ditch Stonecrop Physocarpus opulifolius Ninebark Porteranthus trifoliatus Bowman's Root Potentilla canadensis Common Cinquefoil Potentilla simplex Old Field Cinquefoil Prunus serotina Black Cherry Prunus virginiana Chokecherry Rosa carolina Pasture Rose Rosa palustris Swamp Rose Rubus flagellaris Northern Dewberry Rubus hispidus Bristly Dewberry Rubus occidentalis Black Raspberry Rubus pensilvanicus Pennsylvania Blackberry

Rubiaceae Madder Family Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush Galium aparine Cleavers Galium circaezans Wild Licorice Galium triflorum Fragrant Bedstraw Houstonia caerulea Bluets Houstonia purpurea Summer Bluets Mitchella repens Partridgeberry

Salicaceae Willow Family Populus deltoides Eastern Cottonwood Populus grandidentata Big-toothed Aspen Salix caroliniana Carolina Willow Salix nigra Black Willow

Saururaceae Lizard's tail Family Saururus cernuus Lizard's tail

Saxifragaceae Saxifrage Family Heuchera americana Alumroot Saxifraga virginiensis Early Saxifrage

Scrophulariaceae Figwort Family Agalinus purpurea Purple Gerardia Aureolaria virginica Downy Yellow Foxglove Chelone glabra White Turtlehead Gratiola neglecta Clammy Hedge Hyssop Gratiola virginiana Round-fruited Hedge Hyssop Lindernia dubia False Pimpernel Mimulus alatus Winged Monkeyflower Mimulus ringens Square-stemmed Monkey Flower Scrophularia marilandica Maryland Figwort Veronica officinalis Common Speedwell Veronica peregrina Purslane Speedwell Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's Root

Solanaceae Nightshade Family Datura stramonium Jimson-weed Solanum carolinense Horse Nettle Solanum ptycanthum Black Nightshade

Staphyleaceae Bladdernut Family Staphylea trifolia Bladdernut

Tiliaceae Linden Family Tilia americana American Basswood

Ulmaceae Elm Family Celtis laevigata Sugarberry Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Celtis tenuifolia Dwarf Hackberry Ulmus americana American Elm Ulmus rubra Slippery Elm

Urticaceae Nettle Family Boehmeria cylindrica False Nettle Laportea canadensis Wood Nettle Pilea pumila Clearweed Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis Stinging Nettle

Verbenaceae Verbena Family Phyla lanceolata Fogfruit Verbena hastata Blue Vervain Verbena urticifolia White Vervain

Violaceae Violet Family Hybanthus concolor Green Violet Viola bicolor Field Pansy Viola cucullata Marsh Blue Violet Viola hirsutula Southern Wood Violet Viola primulifolia Primrose-leaved Violet Viola pubescens Downy Yellow Violet Viola sagittata Arrow-leaved Violet Viola sororia Common Blue Violet Viola stonea Stone's Violet Viola striata Cream Violet; White Wood Violet

Vitaceae Grape Family Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper Vitis aestivalis Summer Grape Vitis labrusca Fox Grape Vitis riparia Riverbank Grape Vitis vulpina Winter Grape