T H E Conquest
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Who Were the Anglo-Saxons? Part of History Anglo-Saxons the Last Roman Soldiers Left Britain in 410
Who were the Anglo-Saxons? Part of History Anglo-Saxons The last Roman soldiers left Britain in 410. New people came in ships across the North Sea – the Anglo-Saxons. The Anglo-Saxon age in Britain was from around AD410 to 1066. They were a mix of tribes from Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands. The three biggest were the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes. The land they settled in was 'Angle-land', or England. If we use the modern names for the countries they came from, the Saxons were German-Dutch, the Angles were southern Danish, and the Jutes were northern Danish. Growing up in an Anglo-Saxon village Anglo-Saxon children had to grow up quickly. By the time they were ten, they were seen as an adult. This wasn't always a good thing. They had to work as hard as any adult and would be punished as adults, if they stole or broke the law. Girls worked in the home. They were in charge of housekeeping, weaving cloth, cooking meals, making cheese and brewing ale. Boys learned the skills of their fathers. They learned to chop down trees with an axe, how to plough a field and how to use a spear in battle. They also fished and went hunting with other men from the village. Only a few girls and boys learned to read and write. The sons of kings or wealthy families might be taught at home by a private teacher. The only schools were run by the Christian church, in monasteries. Some children lived there to train as monks and nuns. -
Violence, Christianity, and the Anglo-Saxon Charms Laurajan G
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Masters Theses Student Theses & Publications 1-1-2011 Violence, Christianity, And The Anglo-Saxon Charms Laurajan G. Gallardo Eastern Illinois University This research is a product of the graduate program in English at Eastern Illinois University. Find out more about the program. Recommended Citation Gallardo, Laurajan G., "Violence, Christianity, And The Anglo-Saxon Charms" (2011). Masters Theses. 293. http://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/293 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses & Publications at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. *****US Copyright Notice***** No further reproduction or distribution of this copy is permitted by electronic transmission or any other means. The user should review the copyright notice on the following scanned image(s) contained in the original work from which this electronic copy was made. Section 108: United States Copyright Law The copyright law of the United States [Title 17, United States Code] governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted materials. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the reproduction is not to be used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research. If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that use may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law. -
When Did the Anglo-Saxons Invade Britain?
History When did the Anglo-Saxons invade Britain? Grammarsaurus www.grammarsaurus.co.uk 11 Anglo-Saxon Invasion In the year 350, the Anglo-Saxons tried to invade Britain. At this time, the Romans ruled Britain. The Anglo-Saxons raided the south and east shores of England. The Romans were not happy and fought back. The Anglo Saxons retreated and left. www.grammarsaurus.co.uk 21 Anglo-Saxon Invasion Around the year 410, the last Roman soldiers left Britain. They had not trained the British to defend themselves therefore Britain no longer had a strong army to defend it from the invaders. There were many battles between Anglo-Saxons and Britons and the Anglo-Saxons succeeded. More and more Anglo-Saxons arrived to take land for themselves. It is for this reason that the time of the Anglo-Saxons is usually thought of as beginning about AD 450. Georgians Pre-History Iron Age Romans Vikings Tudors Modern 43 410 790 1603 1837 1901 1714 1066 1485 AD c.700 BC c.AD c.AD AD AD AD AD AD AD AD AD Anglo-Saxons Medieval Stuarts Victorians www.grammarsaurus.co.uk 31 Who were the Anglo-Saxons? The Anglo-Saxons were made up of three groups of people from Germany, Denmark and The Netherlands. The groups were named the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes. The Angles and the Saxon tribes were the largest of the three attacking tribes and so we often know them as Anglo-Saxons. They all shared the same language but were each ruled by different strong warriors. -
The Welsh & Their Literature
The Welsh & Their Literature By George Henry Borrow The Welsh and their Literature The Welsh style themselves Cymry or Cumry, a word which, in their language, means a number of people associated together. They were the second mass of population which moved from Asia into Europe. They followed and pushed forward the Gael or Gauls; were themselves impelled onward by the Slowaks or Sclavonians, who were themselves hunted, goaded, and pestered by a wild, waspish race of people, whom, for want of a better name, we will call Tatars or Tartars. The Cymry have left their name behind them in various regions far eastward of the one where they now sojourn. The most easterly countries which still bear their name, or modifications thereof, are Cambia, „which is two dayes journey from the head of the great river Bruapo,‟ and the Cryme or Crimea. In those parts, and „where Constantinople now is,‟ they tarried a considerable time, and increased and multiplied marvellously: and it was whilst tarrying in those regions, which they called collectively Gwlad yr Haf, or the summer country, that an extraordinary man was born amongst them, who was called by Greeks and Romans, hundreds of years after his death, Hesus, but whom the Cymry called, and still do call, Hu or Hee, with the surname of Cadarn, or the Mighty. This Hu or Hesus taught his countrymen the use of the plough, and to a certain extent civilized them. Finding eventually that the summer country was becoming over-populated, he placed himself at the head of a vast multitude and set off towards the west. -
History Year 5 a United Kingdom
Christ with me as I learn, grow and shine History Year 5 A United Kingdom Key Vocabulary Reading around the topic Sticky Knowledge Christ with me as I learn, grow and shine Word Definition ▪ The Anglo Saxons settled in England and never BIG ? Angles Germanic invading tribe, they went home but developed their own The decisive shift to founded several kingdoms of communities which form the basis of many (from Paganism) England and their name is the root villages today. Christianity occurred in of the word England. They settled ▪ For a long time, England was not one country, 655CE when King Penda mainly in East Anglia. Anglo-Saxon kings ruled lots of small kingdoms was slain in the Battle of Anglo-Saxon During their time in Britain the kingdoms Anglo-Saxons formed many across the land. the Winwaed and Mercia kingdoms. ▪ The Anglo-Saxons were fierce people who became officially fought many battles, including fighting each Christian for the first Churl A lower-class Anglo-Saxon but better than a slave. other. time. Jutes One of the three most powerful Key Learning ▪ The Anglo-Saxons were made up of three Germanic peoples of their time in Chronology tribes: the Angles; Saxons; and, Jutes. Visits/ Visitors the Nordic Iron Age, the other two Sequence events through the use of ▪ Sutton Hoo is the site in Suffolk of a Saxon ship Visitor comes in and being the Saxons and Angles. They appropriate terms relating to the passing of time and identify where these events fit into a burial of the 7th century ad, containing does an Anglo-Saxon settled mainly in Kent. -
The Empire That Was Always Decaying: the Carolingians (800-888) Mayke De Jong*
The Empire that was always Decaying: The Carolingians (800-888) Mayke de Jong* This paper examines the potency of the concept of ›empire‹ in Carolingian history, arguing against the still recent trend in medieval studies of seeing the Carolingian empire as having been in a constant state of decay. An initial historiographical overview of medievalist’s perceptions of ›empire‹ over the past century is followed by a discussion of how Carolingian authors themselves constructed, perceived and were influenced by notions of ›empire‹. Bib- lical scholars like Hraban Maur initiated an authoritative discourse on imperium, which in turn, after the 840s, heavily influenced later authors, perhaps most interestingly Paschasius Radbertus in his Epitaphium Arsenii. While the writings of these authors who looked back at Louis’s reign have often been interpreted as revealing a decline of imperial ideals, they must rather be seen as testifying to a long-lasting concern for a universal Carolingian empire. Keywords: Carolingian empire; Historiography; imperium; Louis the Pious; Staatlichkeit. According to most textbooks, the first Western empire to succeed its late Roman predecessor suddenly burst upon the scene, on Christmas Day 800 in Rome, when Pope Leo III turned Charles, King of the Franks and Lombards, and patricius (protector) of the Romans, into an imperator augustus. Few events have been debated so much ad nauseam by modern histori- ans as this so-called imperial coronation of 800, which was probably not at all a coronation; contemporary sources contradict each other as to what happened on that Christmas Day in St. Peter’s church.1 Charlemagne’s biographer Einhard claimed that the vigorous Frankish king »would not have entered the church that day, even though it was a great feast day, if he had known in advance of the pope’s plan«. -
The Cimbri of Denmark, the Norse and Danish Vikings, and Y-DNA Haplogroup R-S28/U152 - (Hypothesis A)
The Cimbri of Denmark, the Norse and Danish Vikings, and Y-DNA Haplogroup R-S28/U152 - (Hypothesis A) David K. Faux The goal of the present work is to assemble widely scattered facts to accurately record the story of one of Europe’s most enigmatic people of the early historic era – the Cimbri. To meet this goal, the present study will trace the antecedents and descendants of the Cimbri, who reside or resided in the northern part of the Jutland Peninsula, in what is today known as the County of Himmerland, Denmark. It is likely that the name Cimbri came to represent the peoples of the Cimbric Peninsula and nearby islands, now called Jutland, Fyn and so on. Very early (3rd Century BC) Greek sources also make note of the Teutones, a tribe closely associated with the Cimbri, however their specific place of residence is not precisely located. It is not until the 1st Century AD that Roman commentators describe other tribes residing within this geographical area. At some point before 500 AD, there is no further mention of the Cimbri or Teutones in any source, and the Cimbric Cheronese (Peninsula) is then called Jutland. As we shall see, problems in accomplishing this task are somewhat daunting. For example, there are inconsistencies in datasources, and highly conflicting viewpoints expressed by those interpreting the data. These difficulties can be addressed by a careful sifting of diverse material that has come to light largely due to the storehouse of primary source information accessed by the power of the Internet. Historical, archaeological and genetic data will be integrated to lift the veil that has to date obscured the story of the Cimbri, or Cimbrian, peoples. -
The Conquest and Forced Conversion of the Saxons Under Charlemagne
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2013 Res Voluntaria, Non Necessaria: The onquesC t and Forced Conversion of the Saxons under Charlemagne Alexander Scott esD sens Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Dessens, Alexander Scott, "Res Voluntaria, Non Necessaria: The onqueC st and Forced Conversion of the Saxons under Charlemagne" (2013). LSU Master's Theses. 1275. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/1275 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RES VOLUNTARIA, NON NECESSARIA: THE CONQUEST AND FORCED CONVERSION OF THE SAXONS UNDER CHARLEMAGNE A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in The Department of History by Alexander Dessens B.A., Louisiana State University, 2010 December 2013 © Copyright 2013 Alexander Dessens All rights reserved ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS. iv ABSTRACT. v INTRODUCTION: A THING OF WILL?. 1 THE SAXON WARS AND MISSIONARY IDEOLOGY IN MODERN SCHOLARSHIP. 9 THE OPENING PHASE OF THE SAXON WARS: CAMPAIGNS AND CONVERSIONS, 772-781. 28 DESPERATE MEASURES: REBELLION, FRUSTRATION, AND THE ‘TERROR CAPITULARY,’ 782-785 . 42 THE END OF THE CONFLICT, 793-804. -
Alfred the Great: the Oundf Ation of the English Monarchy Marshall Gaines
Eastern Michigan University DigitalCommons@EMU Senior Honors Theses Honors College 2015 Alfred the Great: The oundF ation of the English Monarchy Marshall Gaines Follow this and additional works at: http://commons.emich.edu/honors Recommended Citation Gaines, Marshall, "Alfred the Great: The oundF ation of the English Monarchy" (2015). Senior Honors Theses. 459. http://commons.emich.edu/honors/459 This Open Access Senior Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College at DigitalCommons@EMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@EMU. For more information, please contact lib- [email protected]. Alfred the Great: The oundF ation of the English Monarchy Abstract Alfred the Great, one of the best-known Anglo-Saxon kings in England, set the foundation for the future English monarchy. This essay examines the practices and policies of his rule which left a asl ting impact in England, including his reforms of military, education, religion, and government in the West Saxon Kingdom. Degree Type Open Access Senior Honors Thesis Department History and Philosophy First Advisor Ronald Delph Keywords Anglo-Saxon, Vikings, Ninth Century, Burgh, Reform This open access senior honors thesis is available at DigitalCommons@EMU: http://commons.emich.edu/honors/459 ALFRED THE GREAT: THE FOUNDATION OF THE ENGLISH MONARCHY By Marshall Gaines A Senior Thesis Submitted to the Eastern Michigan University Honors College in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation with Honors in History Approved at Ypsilanti, Michigan, on this date 12/17/15 Alfred the Great: The Foundation of the English Monarchy Chapter I: Introduction Beginning in the late eighth century, Northern Europe was threatened by fearsome invasions from Scandinavia. -
British Constitution
BRITISH CONSTITUTION 'f 08 2 CAainjian—LORD BROUGHAM, F.R.S., Member of the National Institute of Frniice. Vice-Chairman-'EA.Rh SPENCER. Treasurer—JOUfi WOOD, Esq. Captain Beaufort, R.N., F.R. and R.A.S. Professor Key, A.M. Lord Campbell. John G. S. Lefevre, Esq., A.M. Profesiior Carey, A.M. Sir Denis Le Marchant, Bart. John Conolly,'M.D. Sir Charles Lemon, Bart., M.P. William Coulson, Esq. George C. Lewis, Esq., A.M. The Bishop of St. David's. James Loch, Esq., M.P., F.G.S. J. F. Davis, Esq., F.R.S. Professor Long, A.M. Sir Henrv De la Beche, F.R.S. The Right Hon. Stephen Lushington, D.C.L. Professor De Morgan, F.R.A.S. Professor Maiden, A.M. Lord Denman. A. T. Malkin, Esq., A.M. Samuel Duckworth, Esq. Mr. Serjeant Manning. The Bishop of Durham. R. L Murchison, Esq., F.R.S., P.G.S. John Elliotson, M.D., F.R.S. Lord Nugent. T. F. Ellis, Esq., A.M., F.R.A.S. John Lewis Prevost, Esq. Thomas Falconer, Esq. Professor Quain. John Forbes, M.D., F.R.S. P. M. Roget, M.D., Sec. R.S., F.R.A.S. Sir I. L. Goldsmid, Bart., F.R. and R.A.S. Sir Martin Archer Shee, P.R.A., F.R.S. F. H. Goldsmid, Esq. Sir George T. Staunton, Bart., M.P. B. Gompertz, Esq., F.R. and R.A.S. John Tavlor, Esq., F.R.S. Professor Graves, A.M., F.R.S. Professor Thomson, M.D., F.L.S. -
The Anglo-Saxons
The Anglo-Saxons “In the case of the king, the resources and tools with which to rule are that he have his land fully manned: he must have praying men, fighting men and working men. You know also that without these tools no king may make his ability known.” King Alfred’s digressions in his translation of Boethius’s “Consolation of Philosophy” This module includes the following topics: ❖ Anglo-Saxon Timeline ❖ The Anglo-Saxons ❖ Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms ❖ Society and Structure ❖ Anglo-Saxon Kings End of Anglo-Saxon ❖ Depiction of an Anglo- Kingdom Saxon King with nobles LEARNING OBJECTIVES KEY WORDS At the end of the module, Anglo- Tithing you should be able to: Hundreds Trace the beginning and Saxon ❖ Normans end of the Anglo-Saxon Jutes Burghs period of England Saxons ❖ Map the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms Angles ❖ Be familiar with the rule Kingdoms and succession of Paganism Anglo-Saxon kings Christianity ❖ Analyse the life and society of the Anglo- Saxons ANGLO-SAXON TIMELINE In 410, after the By 793, Danish By 597, St. Augustine, an sacking of Rome by Viking raiders Italian monk, arrived in Alaric, King of the began attacking Kent and founded a Goths, Roman Lindisfarne, Jarrow, Benedictine monastery at legions departed and Iona. Canterbury and converted from Britannia. the King of Kent to Alfred the Great By 449, three Christianity. defeated the Danes shiploads of at Edington in 878. Saxon warriors In 635, Aidan founded a led by Hengist monastery in and Horsa arrived Lindisfarne, followed by in Kent. the Synod of Whitby in 664. According to legends, King Arthur defeated the Saxons at Mount Badon in 518. -
Учебное Пособие По Истории Английской Литературы Reading Medieval English Literature
Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации Ярославский государственный университет им. П. Г. Демидова Н. Ю. Ивойлова Учебное пособие по истории английской литературы Reading Medieval English Literature Учебное пособие Ярославль ЯрГУ 2018 1 УДК 82(091)(410)(075) ББК Ш5(4Вел)-3я73 И25 Рекомендовано Редакционно-издательским советом университета в качестве учебного издания. План 2018 года Рецензенты: Ю. В. Мошкина, кандидат педагогических наук, доцент кафедры иностранных и русского языков ЯВВУ ПВО; кафедра теории и практики перевода ЯГПУ им. К. Д. Ушинского Ивойлова, Надежда Юрьевна. И25 Учебное пособие по истории английской литерату- ры = Reading Medieval English Literature : учебное пособие / Н. Ю. Ивойлова ; Яросл. гос. ун-т им. П. Г. Демидова. – Ярос- лавль : ЯрГУ, 2018. – 104 с. Пособие содержит материалы для самостоятельной работы студентов при подготовке к практическим (семинарским) заня- тиям и промежуточному тестированию по истории английской литературы. Теоретический экскурс в историю английской ли- тературы VI–XIII вв. дополняют положения, рассматриваемые в ходе лекционного курса. Пособие содержит избранные про- изведения данного периода в переводе на современный англий- ский язык, которые сопровождаются предтекстовыми коммен- тариями исторического и аналитического характера, а также вопросами для обсуждения. Пособие предназначено для студентов, изучающих дис- циплины: «История британской и американской литературы», «История литературы англоязычных стран». УДК 82(091)(410)(075) ББК Ш5(4Вел)-3я73 © ЯрГУ, 2018 2 Chronological Table Dates History/Literature Anglo-Saxon Period 409-420 Romans leave Britain 449 Settlement of Jutes (Kent) 477 Settlement of Saxons (Sussex) 520 Badon Hill (?), King Arthur 527 Settlements of Angles (Anglia) 597 Augustine converts Ethelbert and Kentto Christianity d. 680 Cædmon 673–735 Bede ‘Beowulf’ c. 700 ‘Lament of Deor’ ‘Fight at Finnsburgh’ 787 First landing of the Danes c.