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Mammaliformes Y MAMMALIA ARAGOSAURUS.COM 9 02 PAVYH MAMIFEROS Mammaliformes y MAMMALIA ARAGOSAURUS.COM 9 02 PAVYH MAMIFEROS a u s t r a l o s f e n i d o s e u t r i c o n o d o n t os m u l t i t u b e r c u l a d o s m e t a t e r i o s e u t e r i o s D i v e r s i f i c a c i ó n C r e t á c i c o S u p e r i o r 1 D i v e r s i f i c a c i ó n C r e t á c i c o I n f e r i o r 2 D i v e r s i f i c a c i ó n C r e t á c i c o I n f e r i o r D i v e r s i f i c a c i ó n J u r a s i c o S u p e r i o r D i v e r s i f i c a c i ó n J u r a s i c o M e d i o D i v e r s i f i c a c i ó n T r i a s i c o - J u r a s i c o I n f e r i o r Mammaliformes: Morganucodon • Morganucodon es el Primer The Earliest British Mammal mamaliforme Morganucodon watsoni • 194 Million Years BP Los morganucodontidos se http://www.abdn.ac.uk/zoohons/history.htm conocen desde el Trias superior hasta el Jurásico medio de Europa, Los mamíferos del Triásico tardío y Norteamérica y Asia Jurásico temprano eran Pangeanos Morganucodon • Tiene huesos postdentarios • Doble articulación articular- cuadrado-escamoso • Huesecillos del oído estribo bien desarrollado, martillo y yunque poco desarrollados, son todavía el articular y cuadrado en la mandíbula • Figuras en: http://www.palaeos.com/default.htm Docodontos • Mamaliformes que se conocen desde Triasico superior hasta el Cretácico superior en Norteamérica, Asia, Europa y Suramérica • Abajo, Megazostrodon, del Triásico superior-Jurásico Inferior de `--+--Morganucodontidae Suráfrica `--+--Docodonta | |--Megazostrodontidae | `--Docodontidae `--+--Hadrocodium `--Symmetrodonta |--Kuehneotheriidae MAMMALIA Docodontos: Haldanodon de Guimarota • Guimarota es un importante yacimiento del Jurásico superior de Portugal, conocido por la gran abundancia de mamíferos fósiles • En Guimarota se encuentran Multituberculados, docodontos e incluso primitivos terios El Jurásico medio Driolestidos: Guimarota Henkelotherium de Guimarota Los drioléstidos constituyen hasta el 49% de los mamíferos de la mina de carbón de la Guimarota, en el Kimmeridgiense (Jurásico Medio) de Portugal. Castorocauda: un docodonto acuático del Jurásico medio de China Ji, Q., Z.-X. Luo, C.-X. Yuan, A. R. Tabrum. February 24, 2006. "A swimming mammaliaform from the Middle Jurassic and ecomorphological diversification of early mammals". Science, 311:5764 pp.1123-1127. Mammaliformes: Multituberculados Cráneo de un Ptilodontido, Jurásico-Oligoceno i multituberculado Cretácico (en Pough, Heiser & McFarland, 1996) Multituberculados • Kielan – Jaworowska & Hurum, 2001 Paleontology • Pequeños, sólo Taeniolabis del Paleoceno alcanza el tamaño de un castor • Semejantes en aspecto a los roedores • Herbívoros • Dos a tres I superiores, C sólo en formas basales, 5-4P y 2Mm; 1 I, no c, 5-4 p • La mayoría de los premolares inferiores con una típica forma de sierra radial • Con un complejo patrón oclusal: numerosas cúspides ordenadas en filas • El cráneo está aplastado dorsoventralmente, a diferencia de la mayoría de los terios, que son LM • Cerebro semejante al de los eutriconodontos y Kielan−Jaworowska, Z., diferente del de los terios Hurum, J.H., and Lopatin, A.V. 2005. Skull structure in • Huesos epipúbicos Catopsbaatar and the zygomatic ridges in multituberculate mammals. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50 (3): 487–512. Distribución de los tipos de “hábitos de alimentacion” de los mamíferos del Cretácico inferior de España Insectívoros carnívoros herbívoros Insectívoros carnívoros Los mamíferos modernos • Grupo hermano • ¿cuándo, cómo, dónde se originan? • Características • ¿Les afectó la extinción del límite K/T? • Los mamíferos del terciario temprano • Origen de los grupos modernos El grupo hermano de los mamíferos modernos • ¿QUÉ ENTENDEMOS POR MAMIFEROS MODERNOS? – El molar tribosfénico – La mandíbula moderna derivada, con apófisis angular Luo, Cifelli, Kielan-Jaworowska, 2001 http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/topics/ El molar mammal_anatomy/tooth_diversity.html tribosfénico K&K84 Ornithorhynchus Benton, 90 palaeos Combinación de cúspides, crestas, lofodoncia… Consultar la página web de ADW: the diversity of cheek teeth (la diversidad de los dientes yugales) http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/topics/mammal _anatomy/tooth_diversity.html http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/topics/mammal_anatomy/tooth_diversity.html El molar “que sujeta” y la protección de las encías • Función Kermack & Kermack, 84 Monotremata: ornitorinco y equidna • Origen: Cretácico inferior Desaparecen los dientes juveniles y se sustituyen por placas dentales Ornithorhynchus (a) y Steropodon del Cretácico inferior de Australia Benton, 1990 “ensayos” de molares o dientes yugales Multituberculados Docodontos Simmetrodontos El docodonto Castorocauda (Ji, Luo, Yuan & Tabrum, 06 Kielan−Jaworowska, Z., Hurum, J.H., and Lopatin, A.V. 2005. Skull structure in Catopsbaatar and the zygomatic ridges in multituberculate mammals. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica palaeos 50 (3): 487–512. Monotremas El molar tribosfénico: origen dual (Luo et al. 2001 Marsupiales y Placentados Luo, Cifelli, Kielan-Jaworowska, 2001 La mandíbula de los mamíferos Espalacoteridos (simmetrodontos) El docodonto Castorocauda (Ji, Luo, Yuan & Tabrum, 2006 Evolución de la mandíbula mm La mandíbula moderna derivada, con apófisis angular Cráneo del hombre de Pekín en el Museo Paleontológico de la Universidad de Zaragoza .
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