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Mammalia, Theria) Un Primitivo Mamífero Del Cretacico Inferior De La Cuenca Neuquina Rougier, Guillermo Walter 1993

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Mammalia, Theria) Un Primitivo Mamífero Del Cretacico Inferior De La Cuenca Neuquina Rougier, Guillermo Walter 1993 Tesis de Posgrado Vincelestes neuquenianus bonaparte (mammalia, theria) un primitivo mamífero del cretacico inferior de la cuenca neuquina Rougier, Guillermo Walter 1993 Tesis presentada para obtener el grado de Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad de Buenos Aires Este documento forma parte de la colección de tesis doctorales y de maestría de la Biblioteca Central Dr. Luis Federico Leloir, disponible en digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar. Su utilización debe ser acompañada por la cita bibliográfica con reconocimiento de la fuente. This document is part of the doctoral theses collection of the Central Library Dr. Luis Federico Leloir, available in digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar. It should be used accompanied by the corresponding citation acknowledging the source. Cita tipo APA: Rougier, Guillermo Walter. (1993). Vincelestes neuquenianus bonaparte (mammalia, theria) un primitivo mamífero del cretacico inferior de la cuenca neuquina. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. http://digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar/Download/Tesis/Tesis_2605_Rougier.pdf Cita tipo Chicago: Rougier, Guillermo Walter. "Vincelestes neuquenianus bonaparte (mammalia, theria) un primitivo mamífero del cretacico inferior de la cuenca neuquina". Tesis de Doctor. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. 1993. http://digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar/Download/Tesis/Tesis_2605_Rougier.pdf Dirección: Biblioteca Central Dr. Luis F. Leloir, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Contacto: [email protected] Intendente Güiraldes 2160 - C1428EGA - Tel. (++54 +11) 4789-9293 UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EXACTAS Y NATURALES VINCELESTES NEUQUENIANUS BONAPARTE (MAMMAIJA, THERIA) UN PRIMITIVO MAMIFERO DEL CRETACICO INFERIOR DE LA CUENCA NEUQUINA. Por: GUILLERMO W. ROUGIER. Director: Dr. JOSE F. BONAPARTE Lugar de trabajo: Sección de Paleontología de Vertebrados, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" e Instituto de Investigación de las Ciencias Naturales. Twis para optar al título de Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas. -1993- S 3905 -\'lc; 91 a) t AmimujerfAdela,“ hasabidoalegrar.“por los años compartidos AGRADECIMIENTOS Deseo en primer termino expresar mi agradecimiento al Dr. José F. Bonaparte por su guia a través de los últimos 12 años, que hicieron posible mi participación en la paleontología y también por su generosidad al ofrecerme el material de Vincelestes, como tema de tesis. Su apoyo y estimulo han sido de especial importancia para mi formación y desarrollo, tanto en la carrera de grado, como en el postgrado. Los doctores Fernando E. Novas y Luis M. Chiappe, merecen un reconocimiento especial, pues han sido -además de colegas de una paciencia y capacidad que admiro- amigos entrañables a quiénes debo, como a hermanos mayores, una afectuosa guia. Adela Reale fue en el transcurso de este trabajo —y también con anterioridad- una combinación única de compañera y secretaria, que hizo posible mediante su incondicional confianza y capacidad organizativa más de lo que parecia alcanzable. Sin duda, a ella se deben muchas de las ventajas y comodidades que he disfrutado para poder llevar adelante mi trabajo. La Dra. Ana M. Baéz me ha dirigido en una Beca de Investigación para Estudiantes (UBA), su consejo y tiempo han sido importantes para mi, por lo cual estoy en deuda con ella. El Dr. James A. Hopson (University of Chicago) se ha preocupado especialmente en bn‘ndarme oportunidades tanto en EEUU como en otros lugares, además del inmenso privilegio que ha significado trabajar y aprender junto a él. Su dedicación y atención hacia mi persona, y trabajo, agradezco profundamente. Las siguientes personas me han ayudado de distintas maneras a mejorar mi desarrollo profesional a todos eJlos mi más sincera gratitud: Dr. John R. Wible (University of Louisville); Dr. w.A. Crompton (Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University); Dr. Z.Luo (College of Charleston); Dr. M. Novacek y R. H. Tedford (American Museum of Natural History). Dr.J.J. Flynn (Field Museum); Dr. B. Rubidge (Bernard Price Institute). El Lic. Fernando Abdala ha leido diversos manuscritos y discutido conmigo sus ideas acerca de los cinodontes canivoros del Triásico de América del Sur, realizando valiosas sugerencias, por ello mi reconocimiento. III El Sr. Sebastián Cerruti ha realizado con extrema pen‘cia muchas de las ilustraciones de esta tesis. Un numeroso grupo de voluntarios y amigos ha colaborado en las tareas realizadas que, en el campo, o en la Sección de Paleontología del MACN, he llevado adelante; todos han facilitado de una u otra forma la realización de este trabajo, entre ellos se encuentran: Marcelo Isasi, Analia Forasiepi, Diego Poll, Laura Ación y Marcela Olmedo. Verónica Brunner ha traducido del alemán, con infinita paciencia buena parte de la bibliografia en esa lengua, en los primeros años de mi doctorado. Federico Will, Pablo Puerta, Adrián Bonaparte y Raúl Vacca han sido compañeros insuperables en el campo y en el laboratorio, habiendo participado en la extracción de los restos de Vinoelestes, o en distintos trabajos relacionados. A mis padres Nivel Rougier y Enid Viollaz, por años de esfuerzo y respaldo hacia un chiquilin "que le gustaban los huesos". Por último quiero agradecer a las autoridades del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" , cuyo ámbito me ha recibido tempranamente y al CONICET, cuyo aporte a través de una Beca Doctoral ha hecho posible la realización de esta tesis. IV INDICE AGRADECIMIENTOS . III CAPITULO I: INTRODUCCION 1.1 Introducción a los mamíferos mesozoicos y a la problemática de su estudio . .. .2 1.1 "Morganucodontidos" . 3 1.2 Triconodonta (sensu stricto) . 3 1.3 Docodonta . 4 1.4 Multituberculata-Haramiyidae . 4 1.5 Monotremas . 5 1 .6 Terios . 6 1.2 Introducción a los mamíferos mesozoicos en Amén'ca del Sur . .6 1.3 Localidades argentinas con restos óseos de mamíferos mesozoicos . 7 1.4 Los mamíferos, el grupo dominante de los últimos 65 M.A. y 1a definición de Mammalia . .. .9 1.5 E1origen de los mamíferos y diversos problemas planteados por su evolución durante el Mesozoico . 13 5.1 El origen de los mamíferos . .. 13 5.2 Los multituberculados y las relaciones de los haramiyidos. 15 5.3 La pared lateral del cráneo . 18 5.4 Los terios, sus principales grupos y 1a problemática de los monotremas . 20 PARTE II CAPITULO II: MATERIALES Y OBJETIVOS 2.1 Procedencia geográfica y geológica, material disponible y repositorio . 25 1.1 Procedencia geológica y geográfica . 25 1.2. Materiales y repositorio . 25 2.2 Reseña de las circunstancias del hallazgo . 36 2.3. Objetivos de 1a tesis . .. 36 CAPITULO DI: GEOLOGIA Y PALEONTOLOGIA DE LA FORMACION LA AMARGA. 3.1 La cuenca neuquina, generalidades . .. 38 3.2 La Formación La Amarga, unidades que 1a componen, distribución areal y ambiente de depositación . 43 3.3 E1contenido paleontológico de vertebrados de 1a Formación La Amarga y su edad . 44 CAPITULO IV: METODOLOGIA 4.1 Metodologia Sistemática: sistemática filogenética . 48 4.2 Técnicas y métodos de preparación del material . 53 PARTE III CAPITULO V: ANATOMIACRANEANADE Vinoelestü neuggenianus. 5.1 Introducción . .. 56 5.2 Descripciones . .. 56 2.1 Premaxilar . .. 56 2.2 Septomaxilar . .. 62 2.3 Maxilar . 64 2.4 Nasal . .. 73 2.5 Lacrimal . .. 77 2.6 Yugal . .. 83 7 8 .9 Vomer . .. 95 1 O Pterigoides . 95 1 1 Basiesfenoides-paraesfenoides . 98 1 2 Basioccipital . .. 101 13 Orbitoesfenoides . 102 14 Parietal . 106 ¡.4 U1 Aliesfenoides . 109 16 Petroso . .. 111 17 Estribo . .. 135 18 Escamoso . 135 19 Supraoccipital . .. 140 .20 Exoccipitales . .. 141 5 Comparaciones generales del cráneo . 145 1 Introducción . .. 145 wuLoNNNNNNNNNNNNMN 2 Sector anterior del cráneo . 147 2.1 Consideraciones generales . 147 2.2 El hocico mamaliano . 149 2.3 E1 canal infraorbitario y estructuras asociadas . 152 3.3 Paladar . .. 153 3.4 Sector orbital . .. 160 3.5 La pared lateral del cráneo . 161 3.6 Sector posterior del cráneo . 163 3.7 Sector glenoideo y auditivo . 164 Apéndice 1: Abreviaturas . .. 166 CAPITULO VI: ANATOMIAMANDIBULARDE Vínoelestes neuflenianus. 6.1 Descripción del dentan‘o . .. 171 6.2 Consideraciones generales . 177 CAPITULO VII: ANATOMIADENTARIA DE Vincelestes neugllenianus. 7.1. Introducción . .. 181 7.2. Dentición superior . .. 182 2.1 Incisívos . ..
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