Nov. IT, 1922] OBITUARY. L TEM Bxn 5 ______LMEDICALJOURNAE.95 were issued and prophylactic lectures given from November 8th, larity and so aids the insect to get her fill of blood, it is not 1917, to March 31st, 1918, and nearly 30,000 troops were on leave so in Paris, the medical officer in charge stated that the venereal clear how, or why, the subsequent irritations occur. disease rate had been reduced to only 3 per cent., and that, " of May I ask for any information which can elucidate the this 3 per cent., it was ascertained by questioning the men subject ?-I am, etc., personally that . . . one-third wanted to contract venereal disease Ringwood, Hants, Oct. 25th. WM. OLIVER because they preferred to be in hospital to being in the front line." BEDDARD, M.D. 2. American Troops.-Venereal disease was quite well recognized as a self-inflicted disease among the Americani troops, and orders were issued warning officers to watch for "wilful infections"- sometimes sought for trivial reasons, such as obtaining a change of Command (vide iilanial oj Mllilitar?y Urolcgy, issued by American Red Cross, 1918). For example, p. 20: " Requisites of treatment of LEOPOLD GEORGE HILL, M.D.DUNELMI., venereal disease :-I. Soldier treated in his own unit to save M.R.C.S., wastage; 1. To treat the soldier as far as possible in his own Physician to the Church Missionaiy Society. command lest venereal disease be miade a conzvenient excacse to escape DR. LEOPOLD HILL, wh1ose deatlh took place in London on mfilitwry duties." October 26th, was a student at the London Hospital during 3. EnIglish Prostitutes.-Diseased women on the streets of Londlon the late eighties and early nineties. He and elsewhere offered sexual intercourse to soldiers at a higher obtained the M.R.C.S. price because of being diseased. The Canadian, Australian, and and L.R.C.P. diplomas in 1893, and the M.D. degree of New Zealand authorities made special reports to the British Durlham University in 1911. Government on the matter, and tried without avail to get these Dr. C. F. HARFORD women isolated. writes: 4. Engqsh Soldiers.--During the war English soldiers were Leopold Hill was one of a large body of students at that reported for buying and selling tubercle sputum and venereal period who were led to see, in a manner which has hardly discharge, and in other ways seeking different forms of self- been repeated since, the imperative call of medical missions. inflicted diseases. Some men wilfully infected their own eyes, not It is difficult to interpret the meaning of those movements knowing they would become blind. which affect certain periods of history, and without inquiring These facts can quite well be verified by too closely into the influences which specially brought Hill to Mr. E. B. Turner his decision, yet one who was practically a contemporary can in the proper quarters-namely, in the experiences of Army trace something of the inward secret; of this remarkable Commanders, medical officers in charge of venereal disease period. In the first place, there was the new realization of isolation hospitals, general hospitals, casualty clearing the meaning of Christianity and the spiritual life which was stations, convalescent camps, etc. Among our soldiers there associated with the work of two humuble Americans, Moody were many saints and more heroes who can rightly claim and Sankey. They succeeded in showing to the young people our highest love and admiration; but alas, there were also of that day that the Christian religion was not a mere matter many frightened men, worn-out men, mad men wlho com- of forms and ceremonies but a vital force which could not mitted cowardly and antisocial acts, yet for whom, never- only transform individual lives but the world. theless, those of us who really know war have onlv an infinite The most sensational development of that period was the pity.-I am, etc., going forth of "the Cambridge seven," a band of leading ETTIE A. ROUT. athletes headed by C. T. Studd, perhaps the best all-round London, Nov. 2nd. amateur cricketer of his day. The saine spirit touched the medical schools of this land, and one who fanned the flame POST-GRADUATE COURSES. of enthusiasnm and directed it into most usefuil channels am a was the late Dr. J. L. Maxwell, formerly a Presbyterian SIR,-I nmember of the post-graduate class now missionary in Formosa, and a real leader of men. Hill, like enjoying a series of clinical demonstrations at the Roval others, came under Maxwell's inifluence, and his sound United Hospital, Bath, and a notice of the work being done common sense led mzany to see that medical mnissions may be of interest. demanded a good all-round medical training as a partner to Tlle medical staff of the hospital have arranged a series of the missionary spirit, both of which are essential to the six demonstrations: thev are open without fee to all practi- making of a medical missionary. tioners, and the attendance of the two so far held has been The London Ilospital received a considerable nunlber of very good, some thirty medical men of the city and the those who were definitely preparing for this special service, country round being present. and Hill was a popular and particularly well qualified man At the first class, cases of lymphadenoma and pernicious who emerged from that band of students. Hill offered his anaemia were shlown and a slhort clinic was given on these *services to the Church Missionary Society, and was fortunate cases and a case of splenic anaemia wlhich had been in being assigned to Palihoi in South China, where he was success- associated wNvith Dr. Horder, who already had organiized a fully operated on; the spleen and films of blood from the well-equipped hospital and leper asyluni. In the develop- different cases were then shown by the pathologist, who also ment of this Hill took a prominent part, and the influence gave a demonstration of blood grouping tests. Then a blood of the hospital affected a very wide area, while the leper transfusion in a case of pernicious anaemia was done in the work was of a particularly high order. South Chiina has theatre. been fortunate in securing the services of a series of eIninent At the second clinic a gastro-enterostomywas performed medical practitioners in its varied centres, Manson and and a case operated on for gall stone; each operation was Cantlie having been ami@ng the numnber, and Hill took his share preceded by a short lecture. The pathologist then showed in the work for the Imperial customs and consular service. methods of examininog stomach coi t i ts, and afterwards x-i ay On being invalided home in 1904 he took up busy work as a photographs of stomach and bowel were shown. general practitioner in North London, in which he was The remaining clinics are to deal with kidney, heart, engaged up to the time of his death. While doing this he and held the post of physician to the Church Missionary Society nervous, orthopaedic cases, and with any other cases of from the year 1911, and worthily maintained the traditions surgical or medical interest that may occur. of this great office, which is concerned with the plhysical Tlle staff most hospitably provide tea at the end of each needs of about 1,400 individuals scattered mainly throughout meeting. That the greatest interest is taken in these lectures the tropics. Hill's careful clinical methods and sympathetic by everyone present is obvious, and one cannot but realize manner earned for him the respect and confidence of the what a profound effect this sort of course must lhave not only medical board and of the society generally, and he was on the work of each medical man but also on the whole beloved by all his colleagues. medical service of the neighbourhood, including insurauce service and the hospitals. How much this sort of thing must do to make general THE LATE PROFESSOR CRUM BROWN. practice more interesting and enjoyable those who have long SIR JAMES WALKER, F.R.S., Professor of Chemistry in tlje practised without this advantage are possibly the best judges, University of Edinburghi, has been good enouglh to send us aud as one of them I felt it would be but bare justice and tlle following brief appreciation of his predecessor: "As Crum gratitude to give some idea of what is being done.-I am, etc., Brown's pupil, friend, and successor I am glad to be allowed October 30th. A RUSTY G.P. to add a few lines to Dr. Ballantyne's obituary. Tlle student of medicine who listened to his lectures during a winter session could form little idea of his scientific emninence; to PERIODICITY OF GNAT BITES. science students hlis advanced lectures on organic clhemistry SIR,-It is a matter of common observation tllat the site were a revelation. Plhilosophical and suggestive, they com- of a gnat bite is subject to recurrent irritation at periods of pelled, the listener to think; but it was after all the deliglitful twenty-four, forty-eight hours, etc. laboratory talks which constituted the chief feature of his Allowing that the primary irritation in,creases local vascu- advanced teaching. He was always ahead of the time-even