On Personnel Training for ITER in the Russian Federation
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Stanislav Nikolaevich Rodionov (–)
SCIENCE & GLOBAL SECURITY ,VOL.,NO.,– http://dx.doi.org/./.. Memoriam: Stanislav Nikolaevich Rodionov (–) Oleg Prilutsky and Frank von Hippel Stanislav Rodionov was a member of the first post-World War II generation of Soviet physicists. He began his scientific career in 1953 in what is now known as the National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” where he carried out an exper- iment in which, for the first time in the Soviet Union, he captured electrons from tritium decay in a magnetic mirror adiabatic trap. From 1958 to 1973, he worked in the Nuclear Physics Institute of the Siberian Division of USSR Academy of Sciences in Akademgorodok near Novosibirsk. Dur- ing the 1960s, while Rodionov was there, this institute, directed by Academician Budker, built one of the first electron-positron colliders in the world (VEPP-2). Rodionov played a very important scientific-organizational role as the Secretary of the institute’s Scientific Council—its “Round Table.” In 1974, Rodionov returned to Moscow to join the staff of the Soviet Academy of Sciences’ Space Research Institute (IKI) directed by Roald Sagdeev. There he partici- pated in the organization of international collaborations in space research programs, which was a pioneering contribution to opening up Soviet science to the world. Rodionov also supported Sagdeev in doing arms-control research under the aus- pices of the Committee of Soviet Scientists for Peace and Against the Nuclear Threat. This Committee was established during a 17–19 May 1983 All-Union conference of scientists within the Soviet Academy called in response to President Reagan’s 23 MarchspeechaskingAmericanscientiststojoininaStrategicDefenseInitiative to make nuclear-armed ballistic missiles “impotent and obsolete.” Evgeny Velikhov was the first chairman with Sagdeev, Sergei Kapitza and Andrei Kokoshin as his Vice Chairmen. -
Annual Report 2018
ANNUAL REPORT 2018 CONTRIBUTION TO THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL ENERGY Contents 1 ASSOCIATION 2 THE GLOBAL ENERGY PRIZE 4 Key Indicators 44 About the Award 11 Address by the President of the Association 48 The International Award Committee 14 Key Events of 2018 52 Nomination Process 24 History of the Association 53 Nomination Cycle 26 Association Members 54 Nominating Persons 27 Organizational Structure 54 Independent International Experts Pool 29 Mission and Values 55 National Award Support Committees 30 Development Strategy 56 2018 Nomination Cycle Results 35 International Cooperation 57 Award Laureates 40 Financial Results 64 Award Development 65 Position in the Industry 3 PROGRAMS OF THE ASSOCIATION 4 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 68 Programs and Contests of the Association. 80 Corporate Governance Development Plans 89 Internal Control and Audit 70 The Energy of Youth Contest 90 Implementation of IT-solutions 72 The Energy of Breakthrough Contest 91 HR Policy 74 The Energy of Thought Scientific Symposium 93 Interaction with Stakeholders 75 The Energy of Knowledge Program 96 Work with Award Laureates and Program Winners 76 The Energy of Education Program 77 The Energy of Inspiration Award 77 The Energy of Words International Media Contest 118 GLOSSARY 119 DISCLAIMER 119 CONTACT DETAILS 120 ANNEXES 120 1. About the Report 121 2. GRI Content Index 126 3. Financial Statements for 2018 130 4. Conclusion on the Results of the Audit of the Association Activities 132 5. Feedback Form TRANSFORMATION ASSOCIATION FOR FUTURE GROWTH 1 OUR ASSOCIATION HELPS TO SHAPE THE ENERGY OF THE FUTURE BY SUPPORTING ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND STIMULATING 3 INTERNATIONAL ENERGY COOPERATION IN THE INTERESTS CORE ACTIVITIES OF ALL HUMANKIND. -
The True History of the U.S. Fusion Program —And Who Tried to Kill It
PPPL Inside the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, while it was in con- struction. The TFTR set world records for plasma temperature and fusion power produced in the late 1980s and early 1990s. But budget cuts closed it down before all its planned experiments were completed. The True History of The U.S. Fusion Program An inside analysis of how the U.S. fusion program was —And Who euthanized, dispels the myth that “fusion can’t work.“ Tried To Kill It by Marsha Freeman here is no disputing that the world is facing an energy been visible on the horizon for years, but seemingly never crisis of vast proportions. But this could have been avoid- close at hand. Why? Ted. For more than five decades, scientists, engineers, en- Legend has it that there are more problems in attaining con- ergy planners, policy-makers, and, at times, even the public at trolled nuclear fusion than scientists anticipated, and that little large, have known what the ultimate alternative is to our finite progress has been made. “Fusion is still 50 years away, and energy resources—nuclear fusion. This energy, which powers always has been” has become the common refrain of skeptics. the Sun and all of the stars, and can use a virtually unlimited But the reason that we do not have commercially available supply of isotopes of hydrogen, available from seawater, has fusion energy is not what is commonly believed. 21st Century Science & Technology Winter 2009/2010 15 In 1976, the Energy Research and Development Administra- tion, or ERDA—the predecessor to the Department of Energy—pub- lished a chart showing various policy and funding options for the magnetic fusion energy research program. -
John A. Shanahan, Corresponding Author January 11, 2010 Dr. John P. Holdren Director, Office of Science & Technology Policy
John A. Shanahan, Corresponding Author January 11, 2010 Dr. John P. Holdren Director, Office of Science & Technology Policy, Executive Office of the President Washington, D.C. Dear John, We met in Palo Alto, California in 1970, while you were working on your doctorate at Stanford University and I was starting an engineering career in nuclear power. You visited my family in Switzerland in the 1980s, where I was working on Nuclear Power Plant Leibstadt. You have also answered questions over the years on applications of Einstein‘s equations that is much appreciated. Nearly 40 years have passed. We are both still working to make genuine contributions through science and engineering for the lasting benefit of society and the planet. Please hear our statement and pass it on to the President. Peace on earth and preservation of the marvels of nature will not be achieved without a sound energy policy. This policy must include well-managed and well-governed slow- and fast-neutron nuclear power, recycling spent fuels and depleted uranium and possibly thorium. This was the goal of the founding scientists in the 1940s and still is the best way to a reliable and secure energy future. But the world is leaving us behind. At present, 58 new nuclear plants (including two fast reactors, one in Russia and one in India) are under construction in 14 countries. Of these, 20 are in China, 9 in Russia, 6 each in India and South Korea. Only one is in North America, and that is resumed work on a plant that was mothballed in 1988 when it was 80% finished. -
Canada Bulletin of (He National Fusion Proyrnm Issuu 28, Juin; 1
r CÀ9600782 Canada Bulletin of (he National Fusion Proyrnm Issuu 28, Juin; 1 ¥M> h t h| i s Issue Canada-US Collaboration Review Fast electrons in tokamaks: New data from TdeV CFFTP: New Manager and New Rôle y INIS-mf — 14893 CCFM: Program review Canada-Chile Fusion Work Velikhov to address Montréal fusion ISSN 0835-488X News Notes meeting INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL Canada-US fusion meeting in Montréal: Fusion Breeder Work 'Joint CNS/FPA Fusion Symposium' in Chile Montréal, Canada, September 6-8,1995 Canadian experts assist Chilean fusion breeder researchers Evgeny Velikhov (ITER) to give keynote address Chilean researchers have a long- N. Anne Davies (USDOE) to review US Fusion Program term goal of manufacturing lithium ceramic tritium breeder materials The program for the Joint • ITER (JCT and Home Teams for fusion power reactors. CNS/FPA Fusion Symposium in work). Researchers at Chile's La Reina Montréal, September 6-8, has nuclear research site near Santiago been finalized. The Canadian • Tritium work (Canada, US, have been developing their lithium Nuclear Society (CNS) and the TFTR). ceramics fusion breeder program USA's Fusion Power Associates for several years. A tritium mea- (FPA) are jointly presenting the • Spherical tokamaks and TPX. surement laboratory is being Symposium. established at La Reina for this Other presentation topics work. Dr. Evgeny Velikhov, Chair of the include: compact toroid fuelling, ITER Council, will deliver the inertia) confinement (NIF), educa- Canada-Chile cooperation in fusion keynote address. tional activities and plasma-aided breeders began in 1993, and is manufacturing. centred on the eventual manufac- Dr. N. -
Tokamak Foundation in USSR/Russia 1950--1990
IOP PUBLISHING and INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY NUCLEAR FUSION Nucl. Fusion 50 (2010) 014003 (8pp) doi:10.1088/0029-5515/50/1/014003 Tokamak foundation in USSR/Russia 1950–1990 V.P. Smirnov Nuclear Fusion Institute, RRC ’Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia Received 8 June 2009, accepted for publication 26 November 2009 Published 30 December 2009 Online at stacks.iop.org/NF/50/014003 In the USSR, nuclear fusion research began in 1950 with the work of I.E. Tamm, A.D. Sakharov and colleagues. They formulated the principles of magnetic confinement of high temperature plasmas, that would allow the development of a thermonuclear reactor. Following this, experimental research on plasma initiation and heating in toroidal systems began in 1951 at the Kurchatov Institute. From the very first devices with vessels made of glass, porcelain or metal with insulating inserts, work progressed to the operation of the first tokamak, T-1, in 1958. More machines followed and the first international collaboration in nuclear fusion, on the T-3 tokamak, established the tokamak as a promising option for magnetic confinement. Experiments continued and specialized machines were developed to test separately improvements to the tokamak concept needed for the production of energy. At the same time, research into plasma physics and tokamak theory was being undertaken which provides the basis for modern theoretical work. Since then, the tokamak concept has been refined by a world-wide effort and today we look forward to the successful operation of ITER. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version) At the opening ceremony of the United Nations First In the USSR, NF research began in 1950. -
Television and Politics in the Soviet Union by Ellen Mickiewicz TELEVISION and AMERICA's CHILDREN a Crisis of Neglect by Edward L
SPLIT SIGNALS COMMUNICATION AND SOCIETY edited by George Gerbner and Marsha Seifert IMAGE ETHICS The Moral Rights of Subjects in Photographs, Film, and Television Edited by Larry Gross, John Stuart Katz, and Jay Ruby CENSORSHIP The Knot That Binds Power and Knowledge By Sue Curry Jansen SPLIT SIGNALS Television and Politics in the Soviet Union By Ellen Mickiewicz TELEVISION AND AMERICA'S CHILDREN A Crisis of Neglect By Edward L. Palmer SPLIT SIGNALS Television and Politics in the Soviet Union ELLEN MICKIEWICZ New York Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1988 Oxford University Press Oxford New York Toronto Delhi Bombay Calcutta Madras Karachi Petaling Jaya Singapore Hong Kong Tokyo Nairobi Dar es Salaam Cape Town Melbourne Auckland and associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Copyright © 1988 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc., 200 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission of Oxford University Press. Mickiewicz, Ellen Propper. Split signals : television and politics in the Soviet Union / Ellen Mickiewicz. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-19-505463-6 1. Television broadcasting of news—Soviet Union. 2. Television broadcasting—Social aspects—Soviet Union. 3. Television broadcasting—Political aspects—Soviet Union. 4. Soviet Union— Politics and government—1982- I. Title. PN5277.T4M53 1988 302.2'345'0947—dc!9 88-4200 CIP 1098 7654321 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Preface In television terminology, broadcast signals are split when they are divided and sent to two or more locations simultaneously. -
A Comparison of Advanced Nuclear Technologies
A COMPARISON OF ADVANCED NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES Andrew C. Kadak, Ph.D MARCH 2017 B | CHAPTER NAME ABOUT THE CENTER ON GLOBAL ENERGY POLICY The Center on Global Energy Policy provides independent, balanced, data-driven analysis to help policymakers navigate the complex world of energy. We approach energy as an economic, security, and environmental concern. And we draw on the resources of a world-class institution, faculty with real-world experience, and a location in the world’s finance and media capital. Visit us at energypolicy.columbia.edu facebook.com/ColumbiaUEnergy twitter.com/ColumbiaUEnergy ABOUT THE SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS SIPA’s mission is to empower people to serve the global public interest. Our goal is to foster economic growth, sustainable development, social progress, and democratic governance by educating public policy professionals, producing policy-related research, and conveying the results to the world. Based in New York City, with a student body that is 50 percent international and educational partners in cities around the world, SIPA is the most global of public policy schools. For more information, please visit www.sipa.columbia.edu A COMPARISON OF ADVANCED NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES Andrew C. Kadak, Ph.D* MARCH 2017 *Andrew C. Kadak is the former president of Yankee Atomic Electric Company and professor of the practice at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He continues to consult on nuclear operations, advanced nuclear power plants, and policy and regulatory matters in the United States. He also serves on senior nuclear safety oversight boards in China. He is a graduate of MIT from the Nuclear Science and Engineering Department. -
History of Radiation and Nuclear Disasters in the Former USSR
History of radiation and nuclear disasters in the former USSR M.V.Malko Institute of Power Engineering National Academy of Sciences of Belarus Akademicheskaya Str.15, Minsk, 220 000, Republic of Belarus E-mail: [email protected] Abstracts. The report describes the history of radiation and nuclear accidents in the former USSR. These accidents accompanied development of military and civilian use of nuclear energy. Some of them as testing of the first Soviet nuclear, Kyshtym radiation accident, radiation contamination of the Karachai lake and the Techa river, nuclear accidents at the Soviet submarine on August 10, 1985 in the Chazhma Bay (near Vladivostok) as well as nuclear accidents on April 26, 1986 at the Chernobyl NPP were of large scale causing significant radiological problems for many hundreds thousands of people. There were a number of important reasons of these and other accidents. The most important among them were time pressure by development of nuclear weapon, an absence of required financial and material means for adequate management of problems of nuclear and radiation safety, and inadequate understanding of harmful interaction of ionizing radiation on organism as well as a hypersecrecy by realization of projects of military and civilian use of nuclear energy in the former USSR. Introduction. The first nuclear reactor in the USSR reached the critical state on the 25 December 1946 [1] or 4 years later than reactor constructed by Enrico Fermi [2]. The first Soviet reactor was developed at the Laboratory N2 in Moscow (later I.V.Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy). This was a very important step in a realization of the Soviet military atomic program that began in September 1942. -
1 Looking Back at Half a Century of Fusion Research Association Euratom-CEA, Centre De
Looking Back at Half a Century of Fusion Research P. STOTT Association Euratom-CEA, Centre de Cadarache, 13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France. This article gives a short overview of the origins of nuclear fusion and of its development as a potential source of terrestrial energy. 1 Introduction A hundred years ago, at the dawn of the twentieth century, physicists did not understand the source of the Sun‘s energy. Although classical physics had made major advances during the nineteenth century and many people thought that there was little of the physical sciences left to be discovered, they could not explain how the Sun could continue to radiate energy, apparently indefinitely. The law of energy conservation required that there must be an internal energy source equal to that radiated from the Sun‘s surface but the only substantial sources of energy known at that time were wood or coal. The mass of the Sun and the rate at which it radiated energy were known and it was easy to show that if the Sun had started off as a solid lump of coal it would have burnt out in a few thousand years. It was clear that this was much too shortœœthe Sun had to be older than the Earth and, although there was much controversy about the age of the Earth, it was clear that it had to be older than a few thousand years. The realization that the source of energy in the Sun and stars is due to nuclear fusion followed three main steps in the development of science. -
Citizen Scientist: Frank Von Hippel's Adventures in Nuclear Arms Control
JOURNAL FOR PEACE AND NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT https://doi.org/10.1080/25751654.2019.1698504 Citizen Scientist: Frank von Hippel’s Adventures in Nuclear Arms Control PART 2. Engaging with nuclear-weapons policy Frank von Hippel and Tomoko Kurokawa ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY This section covers von Hippel’s first engagement with nuclear- Received 11 September 2019 weapons issues, starting with a review of a US Secretary of Defense’s Accepted 26 November 2019 fi claim that a Soviet nuclear rst strike on US nuclear weapons would kill KEYWORDS – ff only 15,000 25,000 people, through his e orts to revive the proposal Limited nuclear war; spent for a treaty to ban the production of more plutonium and highly- fuel reprocessing; nuclear- enriched uranium for nuclear weapons, and ending with the begin- weapons freeze movement; ning of a collaboration with a group of Gorbachev’s advisors to end the automobile energy Cold War. It also includes his and his colleagues’ engagement in the efficiency; fissile material successful effort to end the US government’s promotion of of a nuclear production cutoff weapons material, plutonium, as a nuclear fuel, and a failed effort to require the doubling of the average fuel efficiency of US automobiles. Limited Nuclear War Tomoko Kurakawa (TK): Before you left the National Research Council in 1975, did you do any work related to nuclear-weapon policy? Frank von Hippel (FvH): I did. It related to the new 10-warhead MX intercontinental ballistic missile1 that then Secretary of Defense James Schlesinger was promoting. Schlesinger presented his arguments to the Senate Foreign Affairs Committee in March 1974. -
Director's Corner
eNews December 16, 2009 (Issue 39) CONTENTS Director’s Corner Jim Van Dam Reports Meeting of the ITER Integrated Modeling Expert Group Don Batchelor Summary of FY09 Joint Facility Milestone Report on Particle Control Steve Allen, and Fuel Retention Charles Skinner, and Dennis Whyte Summary of the Meeting of the ITPA Topical Group on MHD Stability Abhijit Sen, Ted Strait, and Yuri Gribov Upcoming Burning Plasma-related Events 2010 Events 2011 Events Dear Burning Plasma Aficionados: This newsletter provides a short update on U.S. Burning Plasma Organization activities. E-News is also available online at http://burningplasma.org/enews.html Comments on articles in the newsletter may be sent to the Editor (Tom Rognlien [email protected]) or Assistant Editor (Rita Wilkinson [email protected]). Thank you for your interest in Burning Plasma research in the U.S.! Director’s Corner by J. Van Dam USBPO Talk at FPA Annual Meeting At the recent Fusion Power Associates Annual Meeting (December 2-3, 2009, Washington, DC), Amanda Hubbard, Chair of the USBPO Council, presented a talk entitled “U.S. Burning Plasma Organization: Supporting U.S. Scientific Contributions to ITER,” which can be found at (http://burningplasma.org/reference.html). 5th ITER Council Meeting The ITER Council held its fifth meeting November 18-19, 2009, at Cadarache, France. The meeting began with an address from the French Minister for Research and Higher Education and the French State Secretary for European Affairs, which contained the following important statement: The most recent project reviews have in effect revealed cost increases and the necessity of carefully taking into account possible technical unknowns.