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Artaxerxes II
Artaxerxes II John Shannahan BAncHist (Hons) (Macquarie University) Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Department of Ancient History, Macquarie University. May, 2015. ii Contents List of Illustrations v Abstract ix Declaration xi Acknowledgements xiii Abbreviations and Conventions xv Introduction 1 CHAPTER 1 THE EARLY REIGN OF ARTAXERXES II The Birth of Artaxerxes to Cyrus’ Challenge 15 The Revolt of Cyrus 41 Observations on the Egyptians at Cunaxa 53 Royal Tactics at Cunaxa 61 The Repercussions of the Revolt 78 CHAPTER 2 399-390: COMBATING THE GREEKS Responses to Thibron, Dercylidas, and Agesilaus 87 The Role of Athens and the Persian Fleet 116 Evagoras the Opportunist and Carian Commanders 135 Artaxerxes’ First Invasion of Egypt: 392/1-390/89? 144 CHAPTER 3 389-380: THE KING’S PEACE AND CYPRUS The King’s Peace (387/6): Purpose and Influence 161 The Chronology of the 380s 172 CHAPTER 4 NUMISMATIC EXPRESSIONS OF SOLIDARITY Coinage in the Reign of Artaxerxes 197 The Baal/Figure in the Winged Disc Staters of Tiribazus 202 Catalogue 203 Date 212 Interpretation 214 Significance 223 Numismatic Iconography and Egyptian Independence 225 Four Comments on Achaemenid Motifs in 227 Philistian Coins iii The Figure in the Winged Disc in Samaria 232 The Pertinence of the Political Situation 241 CHAPTER 5 379-370: EGYPT Planning for the Second Invasion of Egypt 245 Pharnabazus’ Invasion of Egypt and Aftermath 259 CHAPTER 6 THE END OF THE REIGN Destabilisation in the West 267 The Nature of the Evidence 267 Summary of Current Analyses 268 Reconciliation 269 Court Intrigue and the End of Artaxerxes’ Reign 295 Conclusion: Artaxerxes the Diplomat 301 Bibliography 309 Dies 333 Issus 333 Mallus 335 Soli 337 Tarsus 338 Unknown 339 Figures 341 iv List of Illustrations MAP Map 1 Map of the Persian Empire xviii-xix Brosius, The Persians, 54-55 DIES Issus O1 Künker 174 (2010) 403 333 O2 Lanz 125 (2005) 426 333 O3 CNG 200 (2008) 63 333 O4 Künker 143 (2008) 233 333 R1 Babelon, Traité 2, pl. -
Christopher Ainslie Selected Reviews
Christopher Ainslie Selected Reviews Ligeti Le Grand Macabre (Prince Go-Go), Semperoper Dresden (November 2019) Counter Christopher Ainslie [w]as a wonderfully infantile Prince Go-Go ... [The soloists] master their games as effortlessly as if they were singing Schubertlieder. - Christian Schmidt, Freiepresse A multitude of excellent voices [including] countertenor Christopher Ainslie as Prince with pure, blossoming top notes and exaggerated drama they are all brilliant performances. - Michael Ernst, neue musikzeitung Christopher Ainslie gave a honeyed Prince Go-Go. - Xavier Cester, Ópera Actual Ainslie with his wonderfully extravagant voice. - Thomas Thielemann, IOCO Prince Go-Go, is agile and vocally impressive, performed by Christopher Ainslie. - Björn Kühnicke, Musik in Dresden Christopher Ainslie lends the ruler his extraordinary countertenor voice. - Jens Daniel Schubert, Sächsische Zeitung Christopher Ainslie[ s] rounded countertenor, which carried well into that glorious acoustic. - operatraveller.com Handel Rodelinda (Unulfo), Teatro Municipal, Santiago, Chile (August 2019) Christopher Ainslie was a measured Unulfo. Claudia Ramirez, Culto Latercera Handel Belshazzar (Cyrus), The Grange Festival (June 2019) Christopher Ainslie makes something effective out of the Persian conqueror Cyrus. George Hall, The Stage Counter-tenors James Laing and Christopher Ainslie make their mark as Daniel and Cyrus. Rupert Christiansen, The Telegraph Ch enor is beautiful he presented the conflicted hero with style. Melanie Eskenazi, MusicOMH Christopher Ainslie was impressive as the Persian leader Cyrus this was a subtle exploration of heroism, plumbing the ars as well as expounding his triumphs. Ashutosh Khandekar, Opera Now Christopher Ainslie as a benevolent Cyrus dazzles more for his bravura clinging onto the side of the ziggurat. David Truslove, OperaToday Among the puritanical Persians outside (then inside) the c ot a straightforwardly heroic countertenor but a more subdued, lighter and more anguished reading of the part. -
METASTASIO COLLECTION at WESTERN UNIVERSITY Works Intended for Musical Setting Scores, Editions, Librettos, and Translations In
METASTASIO COLLECTION AT WESTERN UNIVERSITY Works Intended for Musical Setting Scores, Editions, Librettos, and Translations in the Holdings of the Music Library, Western University [London, Ontario] ABOS, Girolamo Alessandro nell’Indie (Ancona 1747) (Eighteenth century) – (Microfilm of Ms. Score) (From London: British Library [Add. Ms. 14183]) Aria: “Se amore a questo petto” (Alessandro [v.1] Act 1, Sc.15) [P.S.M. Ital. Mus. Ms. Sec.A, Pt.1, reel 8] ABOS, Girolamo Artaserse (Venice 1746) (Mid-eighteenth century) – (Microfilm of Ms. Score) (From London: British Library [Add. Ms. 31655]) Aria: “Mi credi spietata?” (Mandane, Act 3, Sc.5) [P.S.M. Ital. Mus. Ms. Sec.C, Pt.2, reel 27] ADOLFATI, Andrea Didone abbandonata (with puppets – Venice 1747) (Venice 1747) – (Venice: Luigi Pavini, 1747) – (Libretto) [W.U. Schatz 57, reel 2] AGRICOLA, Johann Friedrich Achille in Sciro (Berlin 1765) (Berlin 1765) – (Berlin: Haude e Spener, 1765) – (Libretto) (With German rendition as Achilles in Scirus) [W.U. Schatz 66, reel 2] AGRICOLA, Johann Friedrich Alessandro nell’Indie (as Cleofide – Berlin 1754) (Berlin 1754) – (Berlin: Haude e Spener, [1754]) – (Libretto) (With German rendition as Cleofide) [W.U. Schatz 67, reel 2] ALBERTI, Domenico L’olimpiade (no full setting) (Eighteenth century) – (Microfilm of Ms. Score) (From London: British Library [R.M.23.e.2 (1)]) Aria: “Che non mi disse un dì!” (Argene, Act 2, Sc.4) [P.S.M. Ital. Mus. Ms. Sec.B, Pt.4, reel 73] ALBERTI, Domenico Temistocle (no full setting) (Eighteenth century) – (Microfilm of Ms. Score) 2 (From London: British Library [R.M.23.c.19]) Aria: “Ah! frenate il pianto imbelle” (Temistocle, Act 3, Sc.3) [P.S.M. -
Artaserse LEONARDO VINCI (1690 – 1730)
©Photo : OpéraNationaldeLorraine Artaserse LEONARDO VINCI (1690 – 1730) > OPERA 2012 HDTV Opera (dramma per musica) in three acts filmeD aT Opéra national de Lorraine Libretto Pietro Mestastasio in November 2012 Created at Theatro Delle Dame, Roma – 4 February 1730 tv DirecTor Louise Narboni This was the last opera Vinci composed running Time 1 x 190’ Artaserse Artistic Information synopsis The main character of Metastasio’s Artaserse is based on the life of king Artaxerxes I of Persia, a ruler of the fifth century B.C., son of Xerxes I. The opera opens in a moonlit garden of the palace of Serse (Xerxes). Mandane, the daughter of King Serse, and Arbace, the son of the King’s general Artabano, are in love. Serse has opposed their marriage and banished Arbace from the palace. Arbace climbs the wall into the garden. As the young lovers express their love for each other and their despair at Arbace’s banishment, Artabano arrives carrying a bloody sword. His fury at Serse’s treatment of his son and his desire for Arbace to become King have led him to assassinate Serse. Artabano confesses the murder to Arbace and exchanges his bloody sword for that of Arbace. Artaserse, the King’s younger son, arrives with his guards. Artabano tells him of his father’s death and accuses Artaserse’s older brother Dario of the murder, « Who but he at dead of night could penetrate the palace? Who approach the royal bed? Nay, more, his royal ambition... » Artaserse commands Artabano to avenge his father’s death by killing Dario. -
Ian Page and the Mozartists Rerelease Thomas Arne's Restored
Ian Page and The Mozartists rerelease Thomas Arne’s restored opera Artaxerxes Signum Records to release reissue on 14 May 2021 Arne: Artaxerxes by The Mozartists and Ian Page “The performance is thrilling, with exemplary singing and playing.” GRAMOPHONE MAGAZINE Ian Page and The Mozartists are rereleasing their highly praised recording of Thomas Arne’s Artaxerxes on Signum Records, available from 14 May 2021. Following critically acclaimed performances at the Royal Opera House in 2009, Ian Page and The Mozartists recorded Thomas Arne’s rarely-heard opera Artaxerxes in 2010. The opera was originally premiered at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in 1762, and the young Mozart almost certainly heard at least one performance during his childhood visit to London in 1764-65. When Haydn came to London in the 1790s he reportedly said that he “had no idea we had such an opera in the English language”. In November 2009, the Royal Opera House staged the opera’s return to Covent Garden after an absence of more than 150 years, mounting a fully-staged production created by director Martin Duncan for the Linbury Theatre. Though the full libretto for Artaxerxes has survived through the centuries, the music for the recitatives and finale of Artaxerxes has been lost. This created an opportunity for Ian Page and composer Duncan Druce to create a new performing edition of Artaxerxes that completes the partially lost opera. Following nine sold-out performances at the Royal Opera House, the Classical Opera Company (now The Mozartists) recorded the opera with 5 of the 6 original cast, including Elizabeth Watts, Rebecca Bottone, Caitlin Hulcup, Christopher Ainslie, Andrew Staples and Daniel Norman. -
Handel: Belshazzar Thomas Arne: Artaxerxes
n e Issue 35, Summer 2008 NCO w s www.newchamberopera.co.uk FORTHCOMING DATES & TICKET INFORMATION Calendar Listing Those events marked with an asterisk * are University events ICKET ETAILS *Summer Oratorio T D Handel: Belshazzar Lunchtime Vocal Recitals Peter Davoren: Belshazzar; Henry Jones: Cyrus; 1.15pm Gwendolen Martin: Nitochris; Cathy Bell: Daniel; Jon Stainsby: Gobrius New College Ante-chapel Conductor : Alexander Hodgkinson £2/£1 concessions New College Chapel, 8.00pm, £10/£5 concessions on the door on the door Summer Opera Summer Opera Thomas Arne: Artaxerxes in July Wednesday 2 (Preview) Artaxerxes: William Purefoy; Mandane: Merryn Gamba; and Tuesday 8 Artabanes: Adam Tunnicliffe; Arbaces: Joanne Edworthy; New Chamber Opera Semira: Kate Semmens; Rimenes: Nicholas Hurndall Smith/Kevin Kyle Please download forms from h t tp : / / w w w. n e w c h a m b e ro p e r a . c o. u k Director: Michael Burden;Forthcoming Musical Events dir ector: Steven Devine Fridays 4 and 11 New College Development Office 2 (Preview), 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13 July 2008 (01865) 279 509 6.30pm Saturday 5 The Warden’s Garden, New College University of Oxford Ulumni (01865) 611 622 New Chamber Opera - N ew Chamber Opera Ensembl e Sunday 6 The Band of Instruments - Phoenix - Cutting Edge National Arts Collection Fund (01491) 641 190 Pa t ro n H a r vey McGregor . Singing Pa t ro n James Bowman D i rector of Pro d u c t i o n s M i chael Burden . Musical Dire c t o r G a ry Cooper Wednesday 9 . -
Development of English Song Within the Musical Establishment
VM~> DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLISH SONG WITHIN THE MUSICAL ESTABLISHMENT OF VAUXHALL GARDENS, 1745-1784 by AUDREY LEONARD BORSCHEL A.B., California State University, Los Angeles, 1966 M.A., California State University, Los Angeles, 1968 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF MUSICAL ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of Music) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA February 1985 © Audrey Leonard Borschel, 1985 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of The University of British Columbia 1956 Main Mall Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Y3 DE-6 (3/81) ABSTRACT This document provides a brief history of Vauxhall Gardens and an overview of its musical achievements under the proprietorship of Jonathan Tyers and his sons during the 1745-1784 period when Thomas Arne (1710-1778) and James Hook (1746-1827) served as music directors. Vauxhall Gardens provided an extraordinary environment for the develop• ment and nurturing of solo songs in the eighteenth century. Here the native British composers' talents were encouraged and displayed to capacity audiences of patrons who often came from privileged ranks of society. -
Leonardo Vinci Artaserse
Season 2013/14 Leonardo Vinci Artaserse Dramma per musica Libretto: Pietro Metastasio New release by Virgin Classics in October 2012 ARTASERSE PARNASSUS ARTS PRODUCTIONS Leonardo Vinci Artaserse Stage set Following up the resounding success of Fara- The opera premiered on February 4th, 1730 at mondo and Farnace, Parnassus Arts Produc- the Teatro delle dame in Rome. At the time, all tions presents another rediscovered gem from roles were composed for male voices. In fact, the treasure chest of baroque operas, and we a papal ordinance forbade women to perform are proud to work with the conductor Die- on Roman stages until 1798. Therefore, all go Fasolis. The production of Artaserse also female roles in Artaserse were composed for marks the beginning of our collaboration with and sung by castrati. the orchestra Concerto Köln. Parnassus Arts Productions will pay tribu- One of the main works of nearly forgotten te to this tradition: In this new production composer Leonardo Vinci, Artaserse is a real of Artaserse, all female parts will be sung by trouvaille within the baroque opera reperto- countertenors. The cast shall unite the stars ry. Artaserse was Vinci’s last oeuvre, as well as of this fach: MAX EMANUEL CENCIC and his most successful and famous opera com- PHILIPPE JAROUSSKY, among others, will gua- position. rantee for vocal virtuosity on the highest level. 1 ARTASERSE PARNASSUS ARTS PRODUCTIONS Leonardo Vinci Composer Leonardo Vinci was born 1690 in Strongoli/ and also accentuated the verses of the libretto Italy and received his musical education at very effectively. The works that originated the Conservatorio de Poveri di Gesù Cristo in from his collaboration with Pietro Metastasio Napels (presumably he was a pupil of Gaeta- are a prime example of his abilities. -
Gp 3.Qxt 8/12/15 2:51 PM Page 1
08-21 MMFO Creation_Gp 3.qxt 8/12/15 2:51 PM Page 1 Friday and Saturday Evenings, August 21 –22, 2015, at 7:30 m Pre-concert lecture by Elaine Sisman on Friday, August 21 at 6 :15 a in the Stanley H. Kaplan Penthouse r g Mostly Mozart Festival Orchestra o r Louis Langrée , Conductor M|M P Sarah Tynan , Soprano Andrew Staples , Tenor M|M e Brindley Sherratt , Bass M|M h Concert Chorale of New York T James Bagwell , Director HAYDN The Creation (1796 –98) This program is approximately one hour and 50 minutes long and will be performed without intermission. M|M Mostly Mozart debut (Program continued) Please make certain all your electronic devices are switched off. These performances are made possible in part by the Josie Robertson Fund for Lincoln Center. Fortepiano courtesy of Dongsok Shin Avery Fisher Hall 08-21 MMFO Creation_Gp 3.qxt 8/12/15 2:51 PM Page 2 Mostly Mozart Festival The Mostly Mozart Festival is made possible by Sarah Billinghurst Solomon and Howard Solomon, Rita E. and Gustave M. Hauser, Chris and Bruce Crawford, The Fan Fox and Leslie R. Samuels Foundation, Inc., Charles E. Culpeper Foundation, S.H. and Helen R. Scheuer Family Foundation, and Friends of Mostly Mozart. Public support is provided by the New York State Council on the Arts. Artist Catering provided by Zabar’s and zabars.com MetLife is the National Sponsor of Lincoln Center United Airlines is a Supporter of Lincoln Center WABC-TV is a Supporter of Lincoln Center “Summer at Lincoln Center” is supported by Diet Pepsi Time Out New York is a Media Partner of Summer at Lincoln Center Join the conversation: #LCMozart We would like to remind you that the sound of coughing and rustling paper might distract the performers and your fellow audience members. -
Arne: Artaxerxes
ARNE: ARTAXERXES THE MOZARTISTS IAN PAGE 9017_CO_Artex_BOOKLET_COVER_SECTION_FINAL.indd 1 21/12/2020 17:55 Performing edition by Ian Page Recorded at Air Studios, London, UK from 18 to 21 November 2009 and 2 April 2010 Produced and engineered by Philip Hobbs Post-production by Julia Thomas, Finesplice, UK Design by Toucari Live and Debbie Coates Cover image: Wall Carving, Persepolis, Iran © Alamy Photography by Stephen Page, www.fatkoala.biz Orchestra playing on period instruments at A = 430 Hz This recording followed a production of Artaxerxes at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in 2009, directed by Martin Duncan and designed by Johan Engels. It was originally released in 2010 on Linn Records. www.signumrecords.com Any unauthorised broadcasting, public performance, copying or re-recording of Signum Compact We are extremely grateful to George & Efthalia Koukis and Sherman Lam for making this release possible. Discs constitutes an infringement of copyright and will render the infringer liable to an action by law. Licences for public performances or broadcasting may be obtained from Phonographic Performance Ltd. Special thanks also to: Alamy, Big Yellow Self Storage, Kate Bingham & Jesse Norman, Anne Bulford OBE & All rights reserved. No part of this booklet may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted David Smith, Philip Carne MBE & Christine Carne, Michael & Jill Carpenter, David Challen CBE & Elizabeth in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior Challen, -
Trouser Roles - the Development of the Role in Opera from the Seventeenth to Twentieth Century
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Music Theses School of Music Fall 11-26-2012 Trouser Roles - The development of the role in opera from the seventeenth to twentieth century Tabita C. Iwamoto Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/music_theses Recommended Citation Iwamoto, Tabita C., "Trouser Roles - The development of the role in opera from the seventeenth to twentieth century." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2012. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/music_theses/3 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Music at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Music Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TROUSER ROLES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROLE IN OPERA FROM THE SEVENTEENTH TO TWENTIETH CENTURY by TABITA IWAMOTO Under the Direction of Kathryn Hartgrove ABSTRACT This document presents the development trouser role. The first part is concentrated in the seventeenth century when the use of castrati was the main business in church music. Later in the same chapter is presented the development of women in opera, which so far was not a common practice, and how and why they dominate the opera after the castrati were not an ac- cepted practice anymore. The following chapters contain demonstrations of trouser role’s types. Each chapter is based in one role of an opera from a different period of history. From Gluck’s Orfeo ed Euridice to Strauss’ Der Rosenkavalier, the pants role is exemplified from a different point of view according to their importance in opera. -
4996737-Ac2c4b-635212045725.Pdf
7501 CO_Whereer you walk_BOOKLET_FINAL.indd 1 19/02/2016 10:28 ‘WHERE’ER YOU WALK’ HANDEL’S FAVOURITE TENOR Recorded at All Saints Church Tooting, London, UK from 15 to 18 September 2015 A programme of music composed for or sung by Produced and engineered by Andrew Mellor Assistant engineer: Claire Hay John Beard (c.1715-1791) Photography: Benjamin Ealovega, Simon Wall (inside cover) Harpsichord technicians: Keith McGowan, Malcolm Greenhalgh, Nicholas Parle and Oliver Sandig ALLAN CLAYTON tenor Orchestra playing on period instruments at A = 415 Hz MARY BEVAN soprano (track 10) We are extremely grateful to George and Efthalia Koukis for making this recording possible. THE CHOIR OF CLASSICAL OPERA (tracks 8 &14) We are also grateful to the following people for their generous support: Sir Vernon and Lady Ellis, Mark and Liza THE ORCHESTRA OF CLASSICAL OPERA Loveday, Kate Bingham and Jesse Norman, Pierce and Beaujolais Rood, Ann Bulford and David Smith, Mark and Matthew Truscott (leader) Jill Pellew, The Sainer Charity, P C A Butterworth, Jack and Alma Gill, James Dooley, Tom Joyce and Annette Atkins, James Eastaway (oboe solo, tracks 1 & 10) Dyrk and Margaret Riddell, Marilyn Stock, and all the other individuals who supported this proJect. Philip Turbett (bassoon solo, tracks 10 & 13 -14) Special thanks to: TallWall Media, Rachel Chaplin, Adrian Horsewood, Neil Jenkins and David Vickers IAN PAGE conductor 2 WHERE’ER YOU WALK / ALLAN CLAYTON WHERE’ER YOU WALK / ALLAN CLAYTON 3 7501 CO_Whereer you walk_BOOKLET_FINAL.indd 2-3 19/02/2016 10:28