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Descrição Morfológica Do Coração E Dos Vasos Da Base Do Jacaré-Do-Pantanal (Caiman Yacare Daudin, 1802) Proveniente De Zoocriadouro¹

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Descrição Morfológica Do Coração E Dos Vasos Da Base Do Jacaré-Do-Pantanal (Caiman Yacare Daudin, 1802) Proveniente De Zoocriadouro¹ Pesq. Vet. Bras. 36(Supl.1):8-14, junho 2016 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-736X2016001300002 Descrição morfológica do coração e dos vasos da base do jacaré-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare Daudin, 1802) proveniente de zoocriadouro¹ Ana C. Alves², Daniel B. de C.L. Ribeiro², João V. Cotrin², Henrique R.A. de Resende², Cristina D. Drummond², Fernanda R.C.L. de Almeida3, João Vicente Neto4 e Raimundo V. de Sousa²* ABSTRACT.- Alves A.C., Ribeiro D.B.C.L., Cotrin J.V., Resende H.R.A., Drummond C.D., Almeida F.R.C.L., Vicente Neto J. & Sousa R.V. 2016. [Morphological description of heart and large vessels of the jacaré-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare Daudin, 1802) from a crocodile breeding Center.] Descrição morfológica do coração do jacaré-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare Daudin, 1802) proveniente de zoocriadouro. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 36(Supl.1):8-14. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Cx. Postal 3037, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil. E-mail: The aim of this study was to describe anatomical and histological aspects of the heart of Caiman yacare from a crocodile [email protected] center. For this purpose, we have chosen and further studied 13 specimens which were perfused and preserved in a 10% formaldehy- - res.de solution Macroscopically, and they thewere heart subjected is four-chambered to the specific and anatomical besides two techniques. atria and twoThe ventricles,heart was hasseparated a structure and samples called arterial were collected cone from and which submitted the large to thevessels specific of the histological heart emerge. procedu Two communicates with the systemic trunk through the Foramen of Panizza. From a histologi- calaortas, point left of and view, right, the wereheart identified. is typically The composed left aorta of emerges epicardium, from myocardium the right ventricle and endo and- cardium. According to these observations, it is assumed that the histology of the heart of “Jacaré-do-Pantanal” is similar to other species of reptiles. However, there are some ana- tomic particularities, which possibly represent the adaptations allowing the perpetuation of the species. INDEX TERMS: Anatomy, histology, heart, reptile, Caiman yacare, jacaré-do-pantanal. RESUMO.- Com este estudo objetivou-se descrever os as- submetidas à avaliação histológica. Macroscopicamente o pectos anatômicos e histológicos do coração do jacaré-do- coração é tetracavitário, e além de dois átrios e dois ven- -pantanal (Caiman yacare), proveniente de zoocriadouro. trículos, apresenta uma estrutura denominada cone arte- Para tanto, estudou-se 13 exemplares da espécie, os quais rial, do qual emergem os vasos da base do coração. Foram foram perfundidos, conservados em solução de formalde- - esquerda emerge do ventrículo direito e se comunica com cas. O coração foi separado e amostras foram colhidas e oidentificadas tronco sistêmico duas aortas,direito pordireita meio e esquerda,do forame sendo de Panizza. que a ído a 10% e submetidos às técnicas anatômicas específi Histologicamente o coração possui epicárdio, miocárdio ¹ Recebido em 12 de junho de 2015. e endocárdio típicos. Concluímos que a histologia do co- Aceito para publicação em 18 de janeiro de 2016. ração, no jacaré-do-pantanal, é semelhante à de outras ² Departamento de Medicina Veterinária (DMV), Universidade Federal espécies de répteis. Contudo, anatomicamente apresenta de Lavras (UFLA), Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brasil. * Au- particularidades importantes, as quais representam, pos- tor para correspondência: sivelmente, adaptações que permitiram a perpetuação da 3 Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), UFMG, espécie. Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha,[email protected] Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brasil. 4 Instituto Federal do Mato Grosso, Campus Cáceres, Av. dos Ramires, TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Anatomia, histologia, coração, réptil, s/n, Cáceres, MT 78200-000, Brasil. Caiman yacare, jacaré-do-pantanal. 8 Descrição morfológica do coração do jacaré-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare Daudin, 1802) 9 INTRODUÇÃO Tendo em vista a busca do equilíbrio ecológico por meio O jacaré-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare Daudin, 1802) é um da criação racional desta espécie, bem como o grande po- réptil, de alta densidade populacional, encontrado nas tencial econômico associado a essa criação em cativeiro, planícies do norte e leste da Bolívia e oeste do Brasil, des- pesquisas à cerca desta espécie são de grande importância. de o sul da Amazônia até o Paraguai e norte da Argenti- Na literatura há ainda poucos estudos disponíveis envol- na. Esses animais habitam ambientes aquáticos diversos, vendo o jacaré-do-pantanal, especialmente no que diz res- como lagoas de água doce, salinas, corixos, rios e brejos, peito aos aspectos anatômicos e histológicos. Desta forma cujas proporções e estabilidade são variáveis de região o presente estudo tem por objetivo descrever os aspectos para região (Santos 1997, Campos et al. 2010). Desde a anatômicos dos vasos da base e anatômicos e histológicos década de 90 o jacaré-do-pantanal tem despertado inte- do coração do jacaré-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare) criado resse econômico, principalmente na região centro-oeste em zoocriadouro. do Brasil, onde vários produtores se credenciaram junto ao IBAMA, obtendo licenças para operar criadouros co- MATERIAL E MÉTODOS merciais (Moura et al. 1999, Mourão 2000). A espécie em Animais e obtenção do material experimental. O trabalho questão vem sendo manejada em um sistema de criação foi conduzido nos Laboratórios de Anatomia e Citologia e Histo- denominado Ranching logia do Departamento de Medicina Veterinária da UFLA (DMV/ apanhados na natureza, uma parcela dos jovens é devol- UFLA). Para tanto, foram utilizados treze (13) animais da espécie vida ao ambiente natural, no em qual uma os fase ovos em ou que filhotes a pressão são Caiman yacare (Daudin, 1802), sendo seis (6) de tamanho e peso médios de 60cm e 2,5 kg respectivamente, quatro (4) de 95cm e 4,5 kg em média e três (3) animais adultos de 115cm e 10,0 kg em espécie, e o restante dos animais são criados até o abate média, oriundos de zoocriadouro registrado pelo IBAMA-MT sob (Camposde predadores 2004). é menor, a fim de garantir a manutenção da o nº 1/51/92/0197-0 e localizado no município de Cáceres/MT. Desta forma, a criação de jacaré-do-pantanal tem se - consolidado no estado do Mato Grosso como atividade alternativa e legal para as propriedades rurais na área de das Oscondições animais deforam pré-abate abatidos e abate em Cáceres/MT, determinados em pela Frigorífico legislação es ocorrência natural da espécie, coibindo a caça predatória e vigente.pecífico paraApós jacarés,a insensibilização dentro dos e padrões sangria, higiênicosos animais sanitários foram per e- colaborando na preservação da mesma (Aleixo et al. 2011). fundidos, com solução de formoldeído a 10%, utilizando seringas E, segundo Rieder et al. (2004), é uma atividade promisso- descartáveis de 20ml e agulhas 40x12. Em seguida, encaminha- ra ecológica e economicamente, em especial na região do dos para o setor de morfologia do DMV/UFLA. O estudo foi apro- Pantanal, uma vez que vários produtos do jacaré encon- vado pelo comitê local de bioética do DMV/UFLA. - Procedimentos para descrição anatômica. Os animais pre- nanceiramente rentável. viamente perfundidos com solução de formaldeído a 10% foram armazenados em cuba contendo a mesma solução, por aproxi- tramNo mercado, que diz respeito sendo a aospele aspectos um produto morfológicos com potencial do cora fi- ção, nos répteis, grande parte do miocárdio do ventrículo para então serem dissecados. Este procedimento foi realizado apresenta aspecto esponjoso (Hildebrand & Goslow 2006). utilizando-semadamente 20 técnicas (vinte) dedias, dissecação até que fossemanatômica totalmente respeitando-se fixados, O coração dos crocodilianos é composto por quatro câ- maras, tendo o septo interventricular completo (Mitchell bem como material cirúrgico apropriado. A cada etapa da disse- 2009). Os répteis, em geral, apresentam também uma es- os padrões de estratigrafia e sintopia identificados nesta espécie, trutura na extremidade cranial do coração, chamada cone arterial, que é dividido em três troncos arteriais, um pul- ecação vasos as da estruturas base, foram observadas canuladas foram as artérias identificadas, carótidas nominadas primárias e monar e dois sistêmicos, direito e esquerdo (Hildebrand & noregistradas pescoço e,em por meio elas, fotográfico perfundida digital. solução Para Neoprene descrição látex do coração450 co- Goslow 2006). O forame de Panizza foi observado na pri- rado com pigmento específcio. meira descrição do sistema cardiovascular do crocodilo, Procedimentos para descrição histológica. Os animais, publicado em 1833 por Bartolomeo Panizza, que estudou a 10%, foram selecionados de acordo com o grau de conservação, espécie Crocodilus lucius, hoje Alligator mississipiensis. Es- visandopreviamente a melhor fixados preservação e conservados das em características solução de formaldeído histológicas a - dos tecidos. Foram coletadas 12 amostras de diferentes porções do coração. Estas foram conservadas em álcool 70% e, posterior- 1961,tudos posterioresGrigg & Johansen em outras 1987, espécies Franklin de &crocodilos Axelsson confir 1994, mente, processadas para a confecção de lâminas histológicas de Axelssonmaram este & Franklin achado (Goodrich1997). 1919, Greenfield & Morrow acordo com os procedimentos de desidratação em séries crescen- Informações referentes à descrição histológica do co- ração
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