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61 Bootes Ursa Major N EW NGC4203 62 S NGC4414 37 NGC4150 NGC4136 NGC4314NGC4253 NGC4274NGC4245 NGC4283NGC4278 NGC4793 NGC4448 11 9 γ NGC42519 β NGC4884NGC4889 NGC4559 41 NGC4275 31 30 14 NGC4670 16 12 3 13 4 NGC4565 17 12 NGC4494 NGC4725 UGC6965A 21 22 18 7 CR256 8 2 10 40 23 Com 92 6 2 M64 39 35 26 20 5 93 1 NGC4032 η 7 NGC4147NGC4153 NGC4064 24 NGC4293 M53 NGC4394M85 τ 11 9 NGC5053 α 36 MCG3-31-49 38 32 25 NGC4450 3 NGC4489 NGC4350NGC4340 27 NGC4383 υ NGC4651 NGC4405IC788 95 M100 NGC4379 NGC4540 NGC4421 NGC4237 UGC8452 6 β NGC4710 NGC4419 NGC4262 M98 NGC4377 M91 M88 M99 29 70 NGC4474NGC4459 NGC4208NGC4212 NGC468928 NGC4477 NGC4473 41 34 5° 71 Virgo ε 27 12 Deep Sky•Objekte in Coma Berenices (Com) Object Type RA Dec Mag Size Surf Br Constellation •••••• •••• •• ••• ••• •••• ••••••• ••••••••••••• CR256 Open Cluster 12h 25m 16.9s +25° 58' 09" 1.8 275.0' Coma Berenices IC788 Galaxy 12h 26m 23.9s +16° 08' 59" 13.1 1.6'x1.1' 13.9 Coma Berenices M100 Galaxy 12h 23m 11.7s +15° 47' 29" 10.1 7.5'x6.1' 13.2 Coma Berenices M53 Globular Cluster 13h 13m 11.6s +18° 08' 20" 7.6 14.4' Coma Berenices M64 Galaxy 12h 57m 00.2s +21° 39' 06" 9.3 10.3'x5.0' 11.7 Coma Berenices M85 Galaxy 12h 25m 40.7s +18° 09' 34" 10.0 7.4'x5.9' 11.8 Coma Berenices M88 Galaxy 12h 32m 15.7s +14° 23' 18" 10.2 6.8'x3.7' 12.6 Coma Berenices M91 Galaxy 12h 35m 43.1s +14° 27' 54" 10.9 5.2'x4.2' 13.4 Coma Berenices M98 Galaxy 12h 14m 04.7s +14° 52' 05" 10.9 9.4'x2.3' 13.3 Coma Berenices M99 Galaxy 12h 19m 06.2s +14° 23' 10" 10.4 5.3'x4.6' 12.3 Coma Berenices MCG3•31•49 Galaxy 12h 09m 44.0s +17° 00' 28" 14.0 1.0'x0.9' Coma Berenices NGC4032 Galaxy 12h 00m 50.0s +20° 02' 37" 12.8 1.9'x1.8' 12.5 Coma Berenices NGC4064 Galaxy 12h 04m 28.1s +18° 24' 44" 11.6 4.6'x1.7' 12.1 Coma Berenices NGC4136 Galaxy 12h 09m 35.0s +29° 53' 48" 11.8 3.9'x3.6' 14.6 Coma Berenices NGC4147 Globular Cluster 12h 10m 23.2s +18° 30' 40" 10.3 4.1' Coma Berenices NGC4150 Galaxy 12h 10m 50.8s +30° 22' 14" 12.4 2.3'x1.6' 11.7 Coma Berenices NGC4153 Open Cluster 12h 10m 23.2s +18° 30' 40" 9.3 4.1'x4.1' Coma Berenices NGC4203 Galaxy 12h 15m 22.2s +33° 09' 58" 11.7 3.5'x3.2' 11.4 Coma Berenices NGC4208 Galaxy 12h 15m 56.1s +13° 52' 14" 11.8 3.2'x2.0' 12.6 Coma Berenices NGC4212 Galaxy 12h 15m 56.1s +13° 52' 14" 11.8 3.2'x2.0' 12.6 Coma Berenices NGC4237 Galaxy 12h 17m 28.3s +15° 17' 31" 12.6 2.1'x1.4' 13.6 Coma Berenices NGC4245 Galaxy 12h 17m 53.9s +29° 34' 34" 12.3 3.3'x2.4' 12.3 Coma Berenices NGC4251 Galaxy 12h 18m 25.4s +28° 08' 38" 11.6 3.6'x2.5' 10.9 Coma Berenices NGC4253 Galaxy 12h 18m 43.4s +29° 46' 54" 13.8 54"x48" 13.3 Coma Berenices NGC4262 Galaxy 12h 19m 47.5s +14° 50' 47" 12.5 1.8'x1.6' 11.1 Coma Berenices NGC4274 Galaxy 12h 20m 07.8s +29° 34' 56" 11.3 6.8'x2.4' 12.0 Coma Berenices NGC4275 Galaxy 12h 20m 09.6s +27° 35' 23" 13.6 48"x42" 12.7 Coma Berenices NGC4278 Galaxy 12h 20m 23.7s +29° 14' 56" 11.1 4.0'x3.9' 12.1 Coma Berenices NGC4283 Galaxy 12h 20m 37.6s +29° 16' 46" 13.0 1.4'x1.4' 11.7 Coma Berenices NGC4293 Galaxy 12h 21m 29.8s +18° 21' 05" 11.2 5.5'x2.9' 13.8 Coma Berenices NGC4314 Galaxy 12h 22m 48.8s +29° 51' 52" 11.4 3.9'x3.7' 12.2 Coma Berenices NGC4340 Galaxy 12h 23m 52.0s +16° 41' 29" 12.1 3.1'x2.3' 13.0 Coma Berenices NGC4350 Galaxy 12h 24m 14.6s +16° 39' 43" 12.0 2.9'x1.6' 11.1 Coma Berenices NGC4377 Galaxy 12h 25m 29.3s +14° 44' 01" 11.9 1.7'x1.3' 11.6 Coma Berenices NGC4379 Galaxy 12h 25m 31.5s +15° 34' 35" 12.6 2.0'x1.6' 11.8 Coma Berenices NGC4383 Galaxy 12h 25m 42.3s +16° 26' 19" 12.7 2.0'x1.0' 10.9 Coma Berenices NGC4394 Galaxy 12h 26m 12.4s +18° 10' 58" 11.7 3.4'x3.2' 13.1 Coma Berenices NGC4405 Galaxy 12h 26m 23.9s +16° 08' 59" 13.1 1.6'x1.1' 13.9 Coma Berenices NGC4414 Galaxy 12h 26m 44.0s +31° 11' 32" 11.0 3.6'x2.0' 10.9 Coma Berenices NGC4419 Galaxy 12h 27m 13.2s +15° 00' 59" 12.1 3.3'x1.2' 11.8 Coma Berenices NGC4421 Galaxy 12h 27m 19.3s +15° 25' 46" 12.4 2.7'x2.0' 13.2 Coma Berenices NGC4448 Galaxy 12h 28m 32.3s +28° 35' 24" 12.0 3.6'x1.3' 11.8 Coma Berenices NGC4450 Galaxy 12h 28m 46.1s +17° 03' 10" 10.9 5.4'x4.1' 12.9 Coma Berenices NGC4459 Galaxy 12h 29m 16.8s +13° 56' 50" 11.3 4.0'x3.1' 12.1 Coma Berenices NGC4473 Galaxy 12h 30m 05.5s +13° 23' 54" 11.2 4.2'x2.6' 11.3 Coma Berenices NGC4474 Galaxy 12h 30m 10.1s +14° 02' 14" 12.5 2.4'x1.6' 12.1 Coma Berenices NGC4477 Galaxy 12h 30m 18.8s +13° 36' 20" 11.4 3.7'x3.3' 12.3 Coma Berenices NGC4489 Galaxy 12h 31m 09.0s +16° 43' 40" 12.9 1.7'x1.6' 13.1 Coma Berenices NGC4494 Galaxy 12h 31m 40.9s +25° 44' 38" 10.7 4.5'x4.3' 12.4 Coma Berenices NGC4540 Galaxy 12h 35m 07.6s +15° 31' 11" 12.5 2.1'x1.8' 13.8 Coma Berenices NGC4559 Galaxy 12h 36m 14.5s +27° 55' 42" 10.3 11.0'x4.9' 13.0 Coma Berenices NGC4565 Galaxy 12h 36m 37.2s +25° 57' 23" 10.3 14.9'x2.0' 12.2 Coma Berenices NGC4651 Galaxy 12h 43m 59.1s +16° 21' 44" 11.3 4.0'x2.7' 12.2 Coma Berenices NGC4670 Galaxy 12h 45m 33.4s +27° 05' 40" 13.1 1.4'x1.2' 13.6 Coma Berenices NGC4689 Galaxy 12h 48m 02.3s +13° 43' 51" 11.5 4.7'x4.0' 14.7 Coma Berenices NGC4710 Galaxy 12h 49m 55.3s +15° 08' 00" 11.9 4.9'x1.6' 12.1 Coma Berenices NGC4725 Galaxy 12h 50m 43.0s +25° 28' 07" 10.1 10.4'x7.2' 13.2 Coma Berenices NGC4793 Galaxy 12h 54m 57.1s +28° 54' 24" 12.3 2.9'x1.5' 13.4 Coma Berenices NGC4884 Galaxy 13h 00m 24.6s +27° 56' 42" 12.5 2.8'x2.0' 12.7 Coma Berenices NGC4889 Galaxy 13h 00m 24.6s +27° 56' 42" 12.5 2.8'x2.0' 12.7 Coma Berenices NGC5053 Globular Cluster 13h 16m 43.2s +17° 40' 04" 9.5 8.9' Coma Berenices UGC6965A Galaxy 11h 58m 59.9s +25° 00' 22" 11.9 1.4'x0.9' 11.9 Coma Berenices UGC8452 Galaxy 13h 27m 26.0s +15° 03' 57" 14.0 42"x37" Coma Berenices NGC 4313 M 58 NGC 4606 NGC 4351 NGC 4440 NGC 4550 NGC 4551 NGC 4476 NGC 4388 M 89 NGC 4267 M 84 NGC 4425 NGC 4206 NGC 4402 NGC 4531 NGC 4168 M 90 NGC 4458 NGC 4639 NGC 4189 NGC 4037 NGC 4473 NGC 4659 NGC 4477 NGC 4208 NGC 4459 NGC 4474 NGC 4571 M 99 M 88 M 91 NGC 4298 NGC 4377 M 98 6 NGC 4262 NGC 4419 NGC 4237 NGC 4595 NGC 4421 NGC 4312 NGC 4540 NGC 4396 M 100 NGC 4152 NGC 4405 NGC 4383 NGC 4651 27 NGC 4340 NGC 4489 3 NGC 4450 25 Galaxie 11 Kugelh. M 85 2 6 NGC 4539 NGC 4293 NGC 4394 24 3 7 O NGC 4147 24 4 8 5 9 N 12h22m47.9s J2000.0 +15 47’ 50" Com New Uranometria page 91 NGC 4561 M100/M85/M88/M91/M98/M99/NGC4147/4208/4237/4262/4293/4340/4350/4377/4379/4383/4394 NGC4405/4419/4421/4450/4459/4473/4474/4477/4489/4540 NGC 4710 32 38 NGC 5172 36 α NGC 5053 M 53 Galaxie Kugelh. 39 2 6 3 7 O 4 8 5 9 N 13h13m10.9s J2000.0 +18 45’ 41" Com New Uranometria page 71 40 M53/NGC5053 26 39 35 M 64 40 23 22 Galaxie 2 6 NGC 4725 3 7 O 4 8 NGC 4747 5 9 N 12h56m28.7s J2000.0 +22 41’ 42" Com New Uranometria page 71 M64/NGC4725 90 3 86 NGC 4064 NGC 4147 NGC 3842 NGC 4032 93 NGC 4158 5 92 2 Galaxie Kugelh. 2 6 3 7 O 4 8 5 9 N 11h53m52.6s J2000.0 +20 19’ 52" Leo 7 New Uranometria page 72 NGC 4162 NGC4032/4064 16 NGC 3900 14 NGC 4559 NGC 4008 NGC 4251 9 γ 10 NGC 4448 NGC 4278 NGC 4245 NGC 4274 NGC 4136 NGC 4314 NGC 4150 NGC 4525 NGC 4414 NGC 4062 NGC 3995 Galaxie 2 6 NGC 4203 3 7 O 4 8 5 9 N NGC 4395 12h11m05.9s J2000.0 +30 23’ 09" Com New Uranometria page 54 NGC4136/4150/4203/4245/4274/4414/4448 22 21 NGC 4018 NGC 4494 4 12 17 13 NGC 4565 NGC 4615 NGC 4146 NGC 4555 16 14 NGC 4017 NGC 4275 NGC 4393 NGC 4559 NGC 4104 NGC 4251 9 NGC 4008 γ 10 NGC 4185 NGC 4375 NGC 4448 NGC 4134 NGC 4173 NGC 4278 NGC 4245 NGC 4253 NGC 4136 NGC 4314 NGC 3971 NGC 4525 NGC 4150 Galaxie NGC 4020 2 6 3 7 O 4 8 NGC 4414 5 9 N 12h18m11.6s J2000.0 NGC 4359 +28 09’ 31" Com New Uranometria page 54 NGC 4062 NGC4251/4278/4214/4253//4275/4283/4494/4559/4565 NGC 4380 NGC 4596 ρ 20 27 NGC 4694 ε NGC 4429 NGC 4660 NGC 4503 NGC 4568 NGC 4754 NGC 4528 NGC 4638 NGC 4564 M 59 NGC 4371 M 58 NGC 4452 NGC 4606 34 NGC 4746 NGC 4550 NGC 4440 NGC 4551 41 NGC 4476 NGC 4880 M 89 NGC 4388 M 84 NGC 4425 NGC 4531 NGC 4402 NGC 4639 NGC 4458 M 90 NGC 4473 NGC 4659 28 NGC 4477 NGC 4689 NGC 4459 NGC 4474 29 NGC 4571 NGC 4866 M 88 M 91 NGC 4377 NGC 4419 NGC 4710 NGC 4595 NGC 4540 NGC 4379 NGC 4396 Galaxie 2 6 NGC 4651 27 3 7 O 4 8 5 9 N 25 32 12h47m45.7s J2000.0 38 +13 45’ 42" Com 36 New Uranometria page 90 α NGC4689/NGC4710/NGC4651 NGC 4725 NGC 4747 NGC 4494 NGC 4565 30 31 41 NGC 4874 β NGC 4559 NGC 4884 NGC 4793 NGC 4525 37 Galaxie 2 6 3 7 O 4 8 5 9 N NGC 4656 12h54m40.7s J2000.0 +28 56’ 15" Com NGC 4631 New Uranometria page 53 NGC4793/NGC4884 = NGC4889 18 22 21 NGC 4725 NGC 4494 NGC 4747 12 17 NGC 4565 13 16 NGC 4670 NGC 4789 14 30 31 NGC 4839 41 NGC 4559 NGC 4874 NGC 4884 9 γ 10 NGC 4448 NGC 4793 Galaxie 2 6 3 7 O 4 8 NGC 4525 5 9 N 12h45m16.9s J2000.0 +27 07’ 31" Com 37 New Uranometria page 71 NGC4670 0 1 2 N4153 3 M85 4 11 5 6 MCG3­31­49 3 7 8 95 9 6 N O 2° Erstellt mit Eye&Telescope Lizenziert für Andreas Schnabel 9 0 1 2 3 4 12 4 5 6 UGC6965A 7 7 8 9 8 N O 2° Erstellt mit Eye&Telescope Lizenziert für Andreas Schnabel M53 0 v 1c 2 3 4 w 5 6 UGC8452 7 8 70 9 N O 2° Erstellt mit Eye&Telescope Lizenziert für Andreas Schnabel.
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    Chandra Early-Type Galaxy Atlas Dong-Woo Kim, Craig Anderson, Douglas Burke, Raffaele D'Abrusco, Giuseppina Fabbiano, Antonella Fruscione, Jennifer Lauer, Michael McCollough, Douglas Morgan, Amy Mossman, Ewan O'Sullivan, Alessandro Paggi, Saeqa Vrtilek Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Ginevra Trinchieri INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Brera 28, 20121 Milan, Italy (February 25, 2019) abstract The hot ISM in early type galaxies (ETGs) plays a crucial role in understanding their formation and evolution. The structural features of the hot gas identified by Chandra observations point to key evolutionary mechanisms, (e.g., AGN and stellar feedback, merging history). In our Chandra Galaxy Atlas (CGA) project, taking full advantage of the Chandra capabilities, we systematically analyzed the archival Chandra data of 70 ETGs and produced uniform data products for the hot gas properties. The primary data products are spatially resolved 2D spectral maps of the hot gas from individual galaxies. We emphasize that new features can be identified in the spectral maps which are not readily visible in the surface brightness maps. The high-level images can be viewed at the dedicated CGA website, and the CGA data products can be downloaded to compare with data at other wavelengths and to perform further analyses. Utilizing our data products, we address a few focused science topics. Key words: galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD – X-rays: galaxies 1. INTRODUCTION For the last two decades, the Chandra X-ray Observatory has revolutionized many essential science subjects in astronomy and astrophysics. The main driving force is its unprecedented high spatial resolution1 - the capability to resolve fine structures in a sub-arcsec spatial scale.
  • The Hot Interstellar Medium in Normal Elliptical Galaxies

    The Hot Interstellar Medium in Normal Elliptical Galaxies

    THE HOT INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM IN NORMAL ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES A dissertation presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Steven Diehl August 2006 This dissertation entitled THE HOT INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM IN NORMAL ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES by STEVEN DIEHL has been approved for the Department of Physics & Astronomy and the College of Arts and Sciences by Thomas S. Statler Associate Professor of Physics & Astronomy Benjamin M. Ogles Dean, College of Arts and Sciences DIEHL, STEVEN, Ph.D., August 2006, Physics & Astronomy THE HOT INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM IN NORMAL ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES (250 pp.) Director of Dissertation: Thomas S. Statler I present a complete morphological and spectral X-ray analysis of the hot interstel- lar medium in 54 normal elliptical galaxies in the Chandra archive. I isolate their hot gas component from the contaminating point source emission, and adaptively bin the gas maps with a new adaptive binning technique using weighted Voronoi tesselations. A comparison with optical images and photometry shows that the gas morphology has little in common with the starlight. In particular, I observe no correlation between optical and X-ray ellipticity, contrary to expectations for hydrostatic equilibrium. Instead, I find that the gas in general appears to be very disturbed, and I statis- tically quantify the amount of asymmetry. I see no correlations with environment, but a strong dependence of asymmetry on radio and X-ray AGN luminosities, such that galaxies with more active AGN are more disturbed. Surprisingly, this AGN– morphology connection persists all the way down to the weakest AGN, providing strong morphological evidence for AGN feedback in normal elliptical galaxies.
  • Isolated Elliptical Galaxies

    Isolated Elliptical Galaxies

    Isolated Elliptical Galaxies Fatma Mohamed Reda Mahmoud Mohamed (M.Sc.) A thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements of Doctor of Philosophy. Faculty of Information and Communication Technology Swinburne University of Technology 2007 Abstract This thesis presents a detailed study of a well defined sample of isolated early-type galaxies. We define a sample of 36 nearby isolated early-type galaxies using a strict isolation criteria. New wide-field optical imaging of 20 isolated galaxies confirms their early-type morphology and relative isolation. We find that the isolated galaxies reveal a colour-magnitude relation similar to cluster ellipticals, which suggests that they formed at a similar epoch to cluster galaxies, such that the bulk of their stars are very old. However, several galaxies of our sample reveal evidence for dust lanes, plumes, shells, boxy and disk isophotes. Thus at least some isolated galaxies have experienced a recent merger/accretion event which may have also induced a small burst of star formation. Using new long-slit spectra of 12 galaxies we found that, isolated galaxies follow similar scaling relations between central stellar population parameters, such as age, metallicity [Z/H] and α-element abundance [E/Fe], with galaxy velocity dispersion to their counterparts in high density environments. However, isolated galaxies tend to have slightly younger ages, higher metallicities and lower abundance ratios. Such properties imply an extended star formation history for galaxies in lower density environments. We measure age gradients that anticorrelate with the central galaxy age. Thus as a young starburst evolves, the age gradient flattens from positive to almost zero.

  • ACCURATE DISTANCES to IMPORTANT SPIRAL GALAXIES: M63, M74, NGC 1291, NGC 4559, NGC 4625, NGC 5398 Kristen B

    Draft version October 2, 2018 Preprint typeset using LATEX style emulateapj v. 12/16/11 ACCURATE DISTANCES TO IMPORTANT SPIRAL GALAXIES: M63, M74, NGC 1291, NGC 4559, NGC 4625, NGC 5398 Kristen B. W. McQuinn1,2, Evan D. Skillman2, Andrew E. Dolphin3, Danielle Berg4, Robert Kennicutt5 (Received; Revised; Accepted) Draft version October 2, 2018 ABSTRACT Accurate distances are fundamental to interpreting many measured properties of galaxies. Surpris- ingly, many of the best-studied spiral galaxies in the Local Volume have distance uncertainties that are much larger than can be achieved with modern observations. Using Hubble Space Telescope op- tical imaging, we use the tip of the red giant branch method to measure the distances to six galaxies that are included in the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey (SINGS) program and its offspring surveys. The sample includes M63, M74, NGC 1291, NGC 4559, NGC 4625, and NGC 5398. We com- pare our results with distances reported to these galaxies based on a variety of methods. Depending on the technique, there can be a wide range in published distances, particularly from the Tully-Fisher relation. In addition, differences between the Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function and Surface Brightness Fluctuation techniques can vary between galaxies suggesting inaccuracies that cannot be explained by systematics in the calibrations. Our distances improve upon previous results as we use a well-calibrated, stable distance indicator, precision photometry in an optimally selected field of view, and a Bayesian Maximum Likelihood technique that reduces measurement uncertainties. Subject headings: galaxies: spiral { galaxies: distances and redshifts { stars: Hertzsprung-Russell dia- gram 1.