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R E V I S Taa R G E N T I N Ade Psiquiat R E RTE V RE V I S T A AR G E N T I N A DE PSIQUIATR I A X 45 IN V E S T I G A CIÓN EN PS I C OT E R A PI A Duhalde / Fernández Álvarez / García Hagelin / Hirsch / Huerin / Lardini Leibovich de Duarte / Roussos / Rutsztein Torricelli / Zukerfeld Revista de Experiencias Clínicas y Neurociencias / Dossier / El Rescate y la Memoria / Confrontaciones / Señales Volumen XII - N° 45 Setiembre – Octubre – Noviembre 2001 45 Director: Comité Científico Juan Carlos Stagnaro F. Alvarez (Bs. As.), V. Baremblit (Barcelona), I. Berenstein (Bs. As.), S. Berma n n Director Asociado para Europa: (C ó r doba), P. Berner (Viena), J. Berge r et (Lyon), F. Caroli (París), M. Cetcovich Bakmas (Bs. As.), B. Dubrovsky (Montreal), R. H. Etchegoyen (Bs. As.), N. Feldman Dominique Wintrebert (Rosario), J. Forbes (S. Pablo), O. Gershanik (Bs. As.), A. Heerlein (Sgo. de Chile), M. Hernández (Lima), O. Kernb e r g (Nueva York), G. Lanteri-Laura (París), F. Lolas Stepke (Sgo. de Chile), H. Lôo (París), J. Mari (S. Pablo), M. A. Matterazzi (Bs. As.), J. Mendlewicz (Bruselas), A. Monchablon Espinoza (Bs. As.), R. Montenegro (Bs. As.), A. Mossotti (Santa Fe), J. Nazar (Mendoza), P. Nöel (París), E. Olivera (C ó r doba), H. Pelegrina Cetrán (Madrid), E. Probst, (Montevideo), J. Postel (París), D. Rabinovich (Bs. As.), D. J. Rapela (Córdoba), L. Ricon (Bs. As.), S. Resnik (París), E. Rodríguez Echandía (Mendoza), S. L. Rojtenberg (Bs. As.), F. Rotelli (Trieste), L. Salvarezza (Bs. As.), B. Samuel-Lajeunesse (París), C. Solomonoff (Rosario), T. Tremine (París), I. Vegh (Bs. As.), H. Vezzetti (Bs. As.), E. Zarifian (Caen), L. M. Zieher (Bs. As.), P. Zöpke (Rosario). Comité Editorial Norberto Aldo Conti, Pablo Gabay, Aníbal Goldchluck, Gabriela Silvia Jufe, Eduardo Leiderman, Daniel Matusevich, Martín Nemirovsky, Fabián Triskier, Silvia Wikinski. Corresponsales CAPITAL FEDERAL Y PCIA. DE BUENOS AIRES: N. Conti (Hosp. J.T. Borda); R. Epstein (AP de BA); S. B. Carpintero (Hosp. C.T. García); A. Mantero (Hosp. Francés); A. Gimenez (A.P.A.); S. Sarubi (Hosp. P. de Elizalde); J. Faccioli (Hosp. Italiano); G. Onofrio (Asoc. Esc. Ar g. de Psicot. para Grad.); E. Matta (Bahía Blanca); L. Milano (Hosp. J. Fernández); H. Reggiani (Hosp. B. Moyano); V. Dubrovsky (Hosp. T. Alvear); L. Millas (Hosp. Rivadavia); N. Stepansky (Hosp. R. Gutiérrez); E. Wahlberg (Hosp. Español); D. Millas (Hosp. T. Alvarez); J. M. Paz (Hosp. Zubizarreta); M. Po d r uzny (Mar del Plata); N. Koldobsky (La PLata). COR D O B A : J. L. Fitó, H. López, C. Curtó, A. Sassatelli. CHUBUT: J. L. Tuñón. ENTRE RIOS: J. H. Garcilaso. JUJUY: C. Rey Campero; M. Sánchez. LA PAMPA: C. Lisofsky. MENDOZA: B. Gutiérrez; J. J. Herrera; F. Linares; O.Voloschin. NEUQUÉN: E. Stein. RIO NEGRO: D. Jerez. SALTA: J. M. Moltrasio. SAN JUAN: M. T. Aciar. SAN LUIS: G. Bazán. SANTA FE: M. T. Colovini; J. C. Liotta. Informes y correspondencia: SANTIAGO DEL ESTERO R. Costilla. TUCUMAN: A. Fiorio. VERTEX, Moreno 1785, 5° piso (1093), Buenos Aires, Argentina Corresponsales en el Exterior Tel./Fax: 54(11)4383-5291 – 54(11)4382-4181 E-mail: [email protected] ALEMANIA Y AUSTRIA: A. Woitzuck. AMÉRICA CENTRAL: D. Herrera Salinas. www.editorialpolemos.com.ar CHILE: A. San Martín. CUBA: L. Artiles Visbal. ESCOCIA: I. McIntosh. ESPAÑA: J. Giménez Avello, A. Berenstein, M. A. Díaz. EE.UU.: G. de En Europa: Correspondencia Erausquin; R. Hidalgo; P. Pizarro; D. Mirsky; C. Toppelberg (Cambridge); Informes y Suscripciones A. Yaryura Tobías (Nueva York). FRANCIA: D. Kamienny. INGLATERRA: C. Dominique Win t re b e r t, 63, Bv. de Picpus, TALIA SRAEL ÉXICO (75012) París, Francia. Tel.: (33-1) 43.43.82.22 Bronstein. I : M. Soboleosky. I : L. Mauas. M : M. Krassoievitch; Fax.: (33-1) 43.43.24.64 S. Villaseñor Bayardo. SUIZA: N. Feldman. URUGUAY: M. Viñar. E-mail: wintreb @ e a s y n e t . f r Diseño Coordinación y Corrección Reg. Nacional de la Prop. Intelectual: Nº 207187 - ISSN 0327-6139 Mabel Penette Hecho el depósito que marca la ley. Composición y Armado: Omega Laser Gráfica VE R TEX, Revista Argentina de Psiquiatría, Vol. XI N° 45, SETIEMBRE – OCTUBRE – NOVIEMBRE 20 0 1 Moreno 1785, 5° piso Todos los derechos reservados. © Copyright by VERTEX. (1093), Buenos Aires, Argentina * Ver tex, Revista Argentina de Psiquiatría, es una publicación de Polemos, Sociedad Anónima. Impreso en: Prohibida su reproducción total o parcial por cualquier medio, sin previo consentimiento de su Editor Adagraf Impresora Responsable. Los artículos firmados y las opiniones vertidas en entrevistas no representan necesaria- Salmún Feijó 1035 (1274) Ciudad de Bs. As. mente la opinión de la revista y son de exclusiva responsabilidad de sus autores. Volumen XII - Nº 45 – Setiembre – Octubre – Noviembre 2001 SUMARIO REVISTA DE EXPERIENCIAS CLINICAS Y NEUROCIENCIAS • Comorbilidad Psiquiátrica en Poblaciones Clínicas con Síndrome de Gilles de la Tourette, M. B. Moyano pág. 165 DOSSIER INVESTIGACIONES EN PSICOTERAPIA • Investigación empírica en Psicoterapia en la Argentina. Panorama actual, métodos y problemas, A. J. Roussos pág. 179 • Investigación empírica en psicoterapia, A. Hagelin pág. 188 • Acerca del proceso inferencial clínico en psicoanálisis, A. Leibovich de Duarte, C. Duhalde, V. Huerin, G. Rutsztein, F. Torricelli pág. 194 • Investigación en psicoterapia: un puente entre teoría y clínica, F. S. García, H. Fernández Alvarez pág. 204 • Alianza terapéutica y encuadre analítico. Investigación empírica del proceso y sus resultados, R. Zukerfeld pág. 211 • Resultados en psicoterapia: ¿qué opinan nuestros consultantes?, H. Hirsch, A. Lardani pág. 221 EL RESCATE Y LA MEMORIA • Estado actual de la psicoterapia en la Argentina, por R. Horacio Etchegoyen pág. 226 CIVERTEX pág. 238 SEÑALES • “Señales” pág. 239 • "Lecturas" pág. 240 Ilustración de tapa Vertex, Revista Argentina de Psiquiatría, es una revista científica de aparición "Mujer I" trimestral, en marzo, junio, setiembre y diciembre de cada año, con dos Su- Maria Ines Walter, 1981 plementos anuales, indizada en el acopio bibliográfico “Literatura Lati- oleo sobre tela, 50 x 60 cm. noamericana en Ciencias de la Salud” LILACS y MEDLINE. 45 E D I T O R I A L na de las ventajas tradicionales que presentó nuestro país desde hace décadas ha sido el nivel cognitivo, el grado de alfabetización y el gran número de sus habitantes con for- mación secundaria y terciaria. Pero, más allá de los logros académicos alcanzados, ese estándar de capital intelectual se vio también reflejado en las capacidades de nuestros téc- U nicos y obrer os especializados. Sin ningún lugar a duda, en un mundo que privilegia de más en más la acumulación de inteligencia y la capacitación técnica y científica de sus recursos humanos, aquel país que las descuida hipoteca su futuro. Como psiquiatras, ocupados en el desa- rrollo normal y armónico de la persona, no podemos menos que alarma r nos ante ci e r tos datos que se han dado a conocer últimamente. En efecto, según una re- ciente investigación sobre capacidades cognitivas efectuada por la Unidad de Ne u r obiología Aplicada del CEMIC-CONICET, el coeficiente intelectual de los chicos pobres es un 20% inferior al de los de clase acomodada (92 y 110 res p e c - tivamente) y la pertenencia a hogares pobres se asocia con una deficiencia en los mecanismos cognitivos. El estudio incluyó a 300 niños de 6 a 14 meses de edad y 200 de 3, 4 y 5 años de la ciudad de Buenos Aires y del conurbano, la mitad de los cuales provenía de hogares con capacidades básicas insatisfechas. Los datos ad q u i e r en una gravedad aún mayor si se tiene en cuenta que las estadísticas ofi- ciales arrojan para la Capital Federal y el Gran Buenos Aires una cifra de 4.000.000 de personas pobres lo cual rep r esenta el 31,5% de los habitantes de esa región, una de las menos desfavorecidas del país. Es de imaginar el panora- ma en las que están más azotadas por la desocupación y la crisis económico-so- cial. Infinidad de trabajos locales e internacionales han demostrado los efectos de v a s t a d o r es de la alimentación insuficiente sobre el desempeño intelectual y mental en general. Ya sea debido a los déficits nutricionales crónicos durante el de s a r rollo, que producen un daño irreversible en las estructuras neurales, como por la imposibilidad de aprovechamiento del aprendizaje que tiene un alumno con hambre, nuestros chicos pobres están en las peores condiciones para pres t a r atención y aprender y prog r esar en sus tareas escolares. Súmese a esto el alto ni- vel de repitencia y deserción escolar, también generado por razones económicas y de s o r ganización familiar, y el panorama se vuelve más sombrío. El discerni m i e n - to y las capacidades mentales y cognitivas no solamente permiten crear y prod u - cir para la comunidad, también están en la base de la posibilidad de pensar, au- to d e t e r minarse y por esa vía participar democráticamente en la vida política de un país. Cómo médicos y especialistas de la Salud Mental (la de los adultos y la de los niños, futuros adultos) estamos parti c u l a r mente concernidos por este grave pr oblema y por su prevención ■ J. C. Stagnaro – D. Wintrebert REGLAMENTO DE PUBLICACIONES 1) Los artículos deben enviarse a la redac- ción: Ve rtex. M o reno 1785, 5° piso (C1093ABG) Buenos Aires, Argentina. 2) Los artículos que se envíen deben ser inéditos, redactados en castellano y escritos a máquina, Y de ser posible, presentados en diskette (en Microsoft Word o Word Office) acompañado de su respectiva copia en papel por tripli- cado.
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