From the Ogasawara Islands, Japan

Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. A, 33(1), pp. 41–44, March 22, 2007 Description of a New Species of Leucospis (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Leucospidae) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan Hirohiko Nagase 81 Nikaido, Kamakura 248–0002, Japan E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new species of leucospid wasp, Leucospis pulcherrima is described from Hahajima Island. This is the first record of Leucospidae from the Ogasawara Islands. Key words : Chalcidoidea, Leucospis, new species, Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Wasps of the genus Leucospis are parasitoids pronotum, the band laterally turning forward on the tube-renting or mud-doubing Aculeata, along lateral margins of pronotum but not reach- belonging mostly to bees of the family Megachil- ing frontal margin (Fig. 1); posterior 0.5 of idae and less frequently to wasps of the family scutellum, with anterior margin deeply incised Eumenidae etc. Approximately 110 species are (Fig. 3); subalar area of mesopleuron; apical 0.4 recorded primarily from warmer parts of the of outer surface of fore femur; fore tibia dorsally; world (Boucek, 1974), out of which three species apical 0.2 of mid femur; mid tibia entirely; large have been so far recorded from Japan (Habu, spots at baso-dorsal and apico-ventral parts of 1962, 1977; Yamagishi, 1989). In this paper, I hind coxa; large lunar subbasal spot and large describe a new species of the genus from the subapical spot on outer surface of hind femur Ogasawara Islands as the fourth species of Leu- (Fig. 5); large triangular mark on upper surface cospis from Japan. This is the first record of Leu- of hind tibia obliquely covering area from middle cospidae from the Ogasawara Islands. of dorsal surface to ventral apex (Fig. 5). Orange Morphological terms generally follow Boucek yellow are: large rectangular spot occupying pos- (1974). Abbreviations are: T1, T2, etc. for the terior 0.8 of T2 and most of T3. Carmine red are: tergites 1, 2, etc., and S1, S2, etc. for the sternites T4, T5 (both apical 0.3 orange-red); S3–S6 and 1, 2, etc. very small round spot at median subapical part of All measurements are made at the same mag- T6. Dark brown are: lower margin of clypeus; nification of the microscope (measured figure 10 apical 0.3 of mandible; tegulae; all tarsi; wing equals approximately 0.25 mm). veins; anterior 0.2 of T2; S2. Wings, except for veins, uniformly pale brown. Measurements of head: width (distance be- Leucospis pulcherrima sp. nov. tween outer margins of eyes) 70; length (distance [Japanese name: Beni-shiriage-kobachi] between vertex and lower margin of clypeus) 55; (Figs. 1–5) length of longer axis of eye 40; distance between eyes at vertex 43; maximum distance between Description of holotype male.Body length eyes (at about upper 0.3 of length of eye) 44; 6.0 mm, wing length (distance between outer minimum distance between eyes (at about lower margin of tegula and wing tip) 5.8 mm. 0.25 of length of eye) 39. Black, richly decorated with yellow markings Head densely and moderately strongly rugoso- and metasoma broadly carmine red. Lemon yel- punctate. Generally rugae stronger than punc- low are: subapical transverse band of posterior tures. Punctures at vertex much larger than those 42 Hirohiko Nagase Fig. 1. Leucospis pulcherrima sp. nov., holotype, habitus. on face. Rugae on face and gena more or less rounding foramen magnum. vertical as illustrated (Fig. 2). Surface of rugae Pronotal disc slightly converging anteriorly: smooth and polished. Median area of face (inter- measurements of anterior width 55; posterior antennal lobe, supraclypeal area and clypeus) width 60; median length 37. Pronotum dorsally weakly transversely convex for about width of in- strongly, transversely and irregularly rugose with terantennal distance. Pedicel longer than wide. medium sized punctures between rugae. Surface Flagellar segment 1 about as long as wide. Inter- of rugae further covered with microscopic trans- antennal distance about equal to length of malar verse wrinkles. Premarginal carina present, but space and slightly shorter than antenno-ocular not very strong and becoming obsolete near pos- distance. Antennal scrobes margined by strong terolateral corner of pronotum. Discal carina ab- carina, upper margin of which almost touching sent. Mesoscutum with similar sculptures as front ocellus. Inside of scrobes with strong trans- pronotum, but punctures slightly larger; without verse carinae, and with distinct vertical median notauli, but with oblique vestiges of parapsidal keel. Lower margin of clypeus distinctly bilobed, furrows nearly as long as their distance from lat- with median tooth inconspicuous (Fig. 2). Space eral margin. Scutellum anteriorly similarly sculp- between first and second teeth of mandible trian- tured as mesoscutum, but posteriorly rugae gular. strongly curving forward and surface of rugae Inner margin of eye slightly emarginate at lacking fine wrinkles (Fig. 3). Axillae apically about upper 0.3 of eye length seen in front (Fig. rounded. Dorsellum semicircular with distinct 2). Post-ocellar distance about twice of diameter marginal carina, and very coarsely reticulate in- of lateral-ocellus, and slightly longer than ocello- side (Fig. 3). Mesopleuron covered with strong, ocular distance. Occipital carina distinct only be- large, dense punctures, with interspaces not hind lateral ocelli, and almost touching lateral forming rugae, smooth and polished. Punctures ocelli. Ocellar triangle 22 : 9. Occiput polished of subalar area slightly finer than those of meso- and with numerous strong concentric rugae sur- pleuron. Propodeum coarsely reticulate with New Leucospis from the Ogasawara Islands 43 Figs. 2–5. Leucospis pulcherrima sp. nov., holotype. —2, Head, frontal view; 3, scutellum and dorsellum; 4, left inner tarsal craw; 5, right hind femur and tibia (B: black area; Y: yellow area). Scale lines —Figs. 2, 3, 5: 0.5 mm; Fig. 4: 0.1 mm. strong median carina; plicae converging toward claw 50. petiolar area; hind margin with strong semicircu- Metasomal targa forming carapace, but at least lar carina. Hind leg: coxa without special modifi- dorsoposterior margins of T2, T3 and lateral cation such as spines; dorsal margin anteriorly margin of T3 discernible by dark pigmented rounded, posteriorly narrowed and carinate; lines; posterior margins of T4 and T5 can only be femur with basal tooth at about basal 0.4 of its recognized by difference of color. S3–S6 laterally length, followed by about 8 smaller teeth as illus- carinate, lateral margins subparallel in S3 and S4, trated (Fig. 5); tibia distinctly curved inward with slightly converging posteriorly in S5 and S6. a strong apicoventral spine ending in minute, Lengths of S3–S6 18, 20, 25, 28, width of S3 20, sharply pointed outer tibial spur, and with inner apex of S5 13. Surfaces of S3 and S4 flat, those tibial spur only slightly shorter than ventral spine of S5, S6 and S7 medially weakly depressed. (Fig. 5). Claws of fore- and mid-tarsi densely Metasomal terga covered with medium sized pectinate (Fig. 4), that of hind tarsus simple. punctures, puncture interspaces in T4 and T5 Length of hind femur 65; maximum width of dorsally 2–4 times and laterally 0.5 times of hind femur (including basal tooth) 41; length of puncture diameter. Punctures on T6 much larger hind tibia (straight-line length between base and and denser. apex of spine) 62; length of hind tarsus excluding Body hairs white, except for very sparse hairs 44 Hirohiko Nagase on occiput and dense tarsal hairs which are leitner 1982 and Pararrhynchium oceanicum Sk. brown. Head except vertex with abundant, Yamane, 1990, both of which are endemic to the suberect hairs. Eyes with dense, short hairs. Ogasawaras and have a very characteristic color Mesosoma dorsally almost bare. Tergal hairs pattern among the Eumenidae species in Japan short, very sparse and suberect, sternal hairs and adjacent areas. Species of Leucospis quite much longer and denser. Legs with sparse hairs often show color mimicry to sympatrically occur- except for ventral surface of hind coxa and femur ring eumenid wasps as in this species, although where hairs are somewhat denser; tarsal hairs the majority of their recorded hosts are bees dense. rather than wasps (Boucek, 1974). Female. Unknown. Distribution. The Ogasawara Islands (Haha- Acknowledgements jima Island), Japan. Host. Unknown. I am much obliged to Dr. A. Shinohara of the Holotype. Male. Labelled “Higashiko, Haha- National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo jima. Bonin. 5. vi. 1976, T. Nakano lgt.”, for his allowing to examine the holotype speci- “HOLOTYPE, Leucospis pulcherrima sp. nov., men and giving advice. I am also grateful to Dr. Det. H. Nagase 2006”. Deposited in the collec- K. Kamijo of Bibai who kindly read through the tion of the National Museum of Nature and Sci- draft of this paper critically. ence, Tokyo. The holotype lacks the second and following segments of flagellomeres of both an- References tennae, the fourth and fifth segments of the right fore tarsus, and the whole left hind tarsus. The Boucek, Z., 1974. A revision of the Leucospidae of the world. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural left middle leg is detached and glued to a paper History), Entomology (Supplement), 23: 1–291. triangle, and apex of the left fore wing is slightly Habu. A., 1962. Fauna Japonica. Chalcididae, Leucospi- damaged. didae and Podagrionidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Remarks. In the key to Asiatic and Aus- 10ϩ232 pp.ϩ19 pls., Biogeographical Society of tralian species of Leucospis by Boucek (1974), Japan, Tokyo. this species runs to the column 19 and runs out. Habu. A., 1977. A new Leucospis species from the Ryukyus, Japan. Entomological Review of Japan, But this species seems to belong to the L. dorsig- 30(1/2): 47–51. era species group in Boucek’s sense because of Yamagishi, K., 1989.

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