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Proceedings of the 8Th. International Emis Conference INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PROCEEDINGS OF THE 8TH. INTERNATIONAL EMIS CONFERENCE ON LOW ENERGY ION ACCELERATORS AND MASS SEPARATORS SKOVDE, SWEDEN, 12-15 JUNE 1973 EDITORS: G.ANDERSSON AND G. HOLMEN AUGUST 1973 Preface The conference held at Skovde, 12-15 June 1973, has been recognized as number 8 in a series of international meetings with electromagnetic isotope separation (EMIS) as the common theme. The scientific contents, however, have changed markedly with time. Whereas mass spectrometry formed an essential part of the first conference (Harwell 1955), the next one (Amsterdam 1957) confronted the electromagnetic process with other methods of isotope separation, and the Vienna symposium in 1960 dealt rather exclusively with radioisotope separation. All aspects of EMIS were covered at Orsay (1962), including its application to solid state research as a novel feature. The same was true of the Aarhus meeting in 1965, where on- line radioisotope separation first appeared on the program. Ey that time the field was becoming inconveniently extensive, largely because of the rapid growth of ion physics, that is, the application of mass separators and other low energy ion accelerators to atomic and solid state problems. Consequently, in 196*7 this part was given a conference of its own at Chalk River, immediately following the 6th EMIS conference at Asilomar. This splitting up according to type of application, however, seemed to cause some confusion among machine people. For the next conference (Marburg 1970) a new approach was tried, concentrating on apparatus and methods and stressing in particular the technical problems common to classical separa- tion work, ion physics research (whether using mass discrimination or not) and radioisotope separation. This fitted well with the organization close in time of a conference at Leysin, covering the more and more dominating branch of nuclear physics applications: on-line studies of nuclides far from beta stability. As it turned out5 the remaining topics sufficed well to attract a fair number of participants and contributions and to ensure stimulating discussions, Thus it vas natural to accept the same general program philosophy for the 8th conference. In retrospect it can "be said that the expectations were, on the whole, fulfilled also this time. Admittedly not very many contributions contained spectacular news, and one may certainly regret the necessity of abandoning reports on the results of applications. But the positive impressions prevail. The exchange 01" information was lively throughout. In fact, most participants were present at all sessions, ofLen adding fuel to discussions on subjects apparently far from their own specialities. The conclusion is that EMIS conferences of this type still serve a meaningful purpose. The present record of the proceedings has been prepared by direct photo- offset reproduction of the submitted manuscripts. The order of the papers is that of the final program and not necessarily the one actually followed in the sessions. In a few cases contributions have been included which were not presented at the conference. It is a pleasure to thank a majority of the authors for their cooperation in following the typing recommendations issued. Needless to say, the way of reproduction relieves the editors of any responsi- bility for possible typographical or other errors. A number of people who made major contributions towards the realization of the conference ai 3 listed with gratitude on the next page. If some name should be mentioned in particular, it is that of Gillis Holmen, who took on the hard task of coordinating all secretarial work. The assistance given by various administrative personnel at Chalmers University of Technology is also gratefully acknowledged. During the conference the International Organizing Committee met and decided a continuation of the series, the next meeting to be held in Israel, tenta- tively at Easter time 1976. It seems appropriate to end this preface by wishing the new chairman of the Committee, Saadia Ami el, good luck with the arrangements. Goteborg, August 1973 Goran Andersson These Proceedings are dedicated to the memory of J^rgen Koch and Rene Bernas, whose contributions are implicit throughout the work. PROCEEDINGS OF THE 8TH INTERNATIONAL EMI3 CONFERENCE on Low Energy Ion Accelerators and Mass Separators Skovde, Sweden, 12-15 June 1973 Organized by the Institute of Physics , Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg Financially supported by International Atomic Energy Agency Swedish Natural Science Research Council Swedish Atomic Research Council Swedish Board for Technical Development Editors: G. Andersson and G. Holmen August 1973 Preface The conference held at Skovde, 12-15 June 1973, has been recognized as number 8 in a series of international meetings with electromagnetic isotope separation (EMIS) as the common theme. The scientific contents, however, have changed markedly with time. Whereas mass spectrometry formed an essential part of the first conference (Harwell 1955), the next one (Amsterdam 1957) confronted the electromagnetic process with other methods of isotope separation, and the Vienna symposium in 1960 dealt rather exclusively •with radioisotope separation. All aspects of EMIS were covered at Qrsay (1962), including its application to solid state research as a novel feature. The same was true of the Aarhus meeting in 19&5, where on- line radioisotope separation first appeared on the program. By that time the field was becoming inconveniently extensive, largely because of the rapid growth of ion physics, that is, the application of mass separators and other low energy ion accelerators to atomic and solid state problems. Consequently, in 1967 this part was given a conference of its own at Chalk River, immediately following the 6th EMIS conference at Asilomar. This splitting up according to type of application, however, seemed to cause some confusion among machine people. For the next conference (Marburg 1970) a new approach was tried, concentrating on apparatus and methods and stressing in particular the technical problems common to classical separa- tion work, ion physics research (whether using mass discrimination or not) and radioisotope separation. This fitted well with the organization close in time of a conference at Ley sin, covering the more and more dominating branch of nuclear physics applications: on-line studies of nuclides far from beta stability. As it turned out. the remaining topics sufficed well to attract a fair number of participants and contributions and to ensure stimulating discussions. Thus it was natural to accept the same general program philosophy for the 8th conference. In retrospect it can be said that the expectations were, on the whole, fulfilled also this time. Admittedly not very many contributions contained spectacular news, and one may certainly regret the necessity of abandoning reports on the results of applications. But the positive impressions prevail. The exchange of information was lively throughout. In fact, most participants were present at all sessions, often adding fuel to discussions on subjects apparently far from their own specialities. The conclusion is that EMIS conferences of this type still serve a meaningful purpose. The present record of the proceedings has been prepared by direct photo- offset reproduction of the submitted manuscripts. The order of the papers is that of the final program and not necessarily the one actually followed in the sessions. In a few cases contributions have been included which were not presented at the conference. It is a pleasure to thank a majority of the authors for their cooperation in following the typing recommendations issued. Needless to say, the way of reproduction relieves the editors of any responsi- bility for possible typographical or other errors. A number of people who made major contributions towards the realization of the conference are \isted with gratitude on the next page. If some name should be mentioned in particular, it is that of Gillis Holmen, who took on the hard task of coordinating all secretarial work. The assistance given by various administrative personnel at Chalmers University of Technology is also gratefully acknowledged. During the conference the International Organizing Committee met and decided a continuation of the series, the next meeting to be held in Israel, tenta- tively at Easter time 1976. It seems appropriate to end this preface by wishing the new chairman of the Committee, Saadia Amiel, good luck with the arrangements. Goteborg, August 1973 Goran Andersson INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE S. Amiel, Soreq, Israel G. Andersson, Goteborg, Sweden J. Camplan, Orsay, France- J.H. Freeman, Harwell, UK L.O. Love, Oak Ridge, USA N.I. Tarantin, Dubna, USSR H.E. Wagner, Marburg, BRD LOCAL ORGANIZING COMMITTEE G. Andersson, Chairman K.-H. Eklund G. Holmen, Secretary General K.A. Johansson L. Loostrom, Adminstrative Secretary R. Skoog CHAIRMEN OF THE SESSIONS W. Walcher, Marburg, BRD H. Wagner, Marburg, BRD 0. Almen, Goteborg, Sweden S. Amiel, Soreq., Israel R.A. Naumann, Princeton, USA J.H. Freeman, Harwell, UK J. Camplan, Orsay, France W.L. Talbert, Jr, Ames, USA G. Rudstam., Studsvik, Sweden O.B. Nielsen, Copenhagen, Denmark H. Ewald, Giessen, BRD KEY TO CONFERENCE PHOTOGRAPH 1. M. Menat 53. P. Johnson 2. J. de Raedt 54. D. Aitken 3. C. Ristori 55. C.W.A. Maskell 4. S. Peterstrom 56. Mrs G. Fiebig 5. E. Kugler 5,7. W. Zuk 6. G. Dumont 58. H. Lawin 7. B. Grapengiesser 59. 0. Almen 8. K. Augenlicht 60. P. Paris 9. Mrs C. Martel 61. E.H. Spejewski 10. M. Thuresson 62. 0. Hoick 11. L. Loostrom 63. C. Martel 12. G.H. Debus ? 64. CM. Truong 13. R.A. Naumann 65. E. Roeckl 14. G. Andersson 66. J. Denimal 15. R. Wagner 67. W.D. Schmidt-Ott 16. M.E.J. Wigmans 68. L.0. Love 17. H.R. Ihle 69. H. Pavn 18. G. Fiebig 70. J.P. Zirnhelci 19. A.G. Waddock 71. J. Jastrzebski 20. M.J. Nobes 72. W. Walcher 21. K.A. Johansson 73.
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