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WP3: Internet of Things: Best Practices in Technology, Development Methods and Product Design

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WP3: Internet of Things: Best Practices in Technology, Development Methods and Product Design 588386-EPP-1-2017-1-FI-EPPKA2-KA IoT Rapid-Proto Labs (IoTLabs) WP3: Internet of Things: Best Practices in Technology, Development Methods and Product Design Date: 2.10.2018 Version: V3 Authors: Gerd Kortuem, Delft University of Technology Jacky Bourgeois, Delft University of Technology Ville T. Heikkilä, Houston Inc. Consulting Oy, Finland Elisabetta Farella, Fondazione Bruno Kessler Amy L. Murphy, Fondazione Bruno Kessler Radu Vasiu, Politehnica University of Timisoara Muguras Mocofan, Politehnica University of Timisoara Silviu Vert, Politehnica University of Timisoara Razvan Bogdan, Politehnica University of Timisoara Diana Andone, Politehnica University of Timisoara Statement of originality This document contains original unpublished work except where clearly indicated otherwise. Acknowledgement of previously published material and of the work of others has been made through appropriate citation, quotation or both. WP3: Best Practices 588386-EPP-1-2017-1-FI-EPPKA2-KA IoT Rapid-Proto Labs (IoTLabs) WP3: Best Practices 588386-EPP-1-2017-1-FI-EPPKA2-KA IoT Rapid-Proto Labs (IoTLabs) Table of Contents 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Internet of Things: Definition, Architectures and Case Studies....................................................... 1 2.1 Internet of Things Definition .................................................................................................... 1 2.2 Internet of Things Architectures .............................................................................................. 3 2.3 Eclipse Foundation IoT Architecture ........................................................................................ 3 2.4 IoT Case Studies ...................................................................................................................... 10 3 Enabling Technologies for the IoT ................................................................................................. 14 3.1 Core Device Platforms ............................................................................................................ 15 3.2 Sensors and Actuators ............................................................................................................ 21 3.3 Communication and Networking ........................................................................................... 23 3.4 IoT Software platforms ........................................................................................................... 30 3.5 Summary ................................................................................................................................. 30 4 IoT System Development Methodologies ..................................................................................... 31 4.1 Agile software development .................................................................................................. 31 4.2 Lean software development and Kanban............................................................................... 34 4.3 DevOps ................................................................................................................................... 35 4.4 Test Driven Development ....................................................................................................... 36 4.5 Continuous Integration and Deployment ............................................................................... 37 4.6 Distributed software development ........................................................................................ 38 4.7 Rapid IoT Prototyping ............................................................................................................. 39 4.8 Summary ................................................................................................................................. 39 5 IoT Product Design and Human-Centered Design Methods .......................................................... 39 5.1 Generic Design Methods ........................................................................................................ 41 5.2 IoT-specific Design Methods .................................................................................................. 45 6 Education Case Study: Rapid IoT Prototyping in the Classroom ................................................... 49 6.1 Case example: Learning environment for IoT ........................................................................ 51 6.2 Summary ................................................................................................................................. 56 7 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 56 References ............................................................................................................................................ 58 WP3: Best Practices 588386-EPP-1-2017-1-FI-EPPKA2-KA IoT Rapid-Proto Labs (IoTLabs) List of Figures Figure 1. Technological and Social Aspects of the IoT [3] ....................................................................... 2 Figure 2. Eclipse Foundation IoT Architecture [5]................................................................................... 4 Figure 3. WIFI / No-Hub Architecture Pattern ........................................................................................ 4 Figure 4. LIFX Smart Bulb ........................................................................................................................ 4 Figure 5. Hub/Gateway Architecture Pattern ......................................................................................... 5 Figure 6. Philips Hue Light ....................................................................................................................... 5 Figure 7. Product Cloud Architecture Pattern ........................................................................................ 5 Figure 8. June Smart Oven ...................................................................................................................... 5 Figure 9. IoT 3-Tier Architecture ............................................................................................................. 6 Figure 10. IoT 3-tier Architecture example ............................................................................................. 6 Figure 11. Internet of Things vs Web of Things [10] ............................................................................... 7 Figure 12. WoT Application Layer [10] .................................................................................................... 8 Figure 13. Web of Things Architecture [10] ............................................................................................ 9 Figure 14. Lambda Architecture [12] .................................................................................................... 10 Figure 15. Kappa Architecture for IoT [12] ........................................................................................... 10 Figure 16. Smart Intimate Wearable (TU Delft) .................................................................................... 12 Figure 17. Dockless Bike Rental System in the Netherlands provided by Swapfiets ............................ 13 Figure 18. Arduino microcontroller development board ..................................................................... 16 Figure 19. Raspberry Pi single-board computer ................................................................................... 18 Figure 20. Sensor data rates vs power requirements ........................................................................... 22 Figure 21. OSI and TCP/IP networking modules [27] ............................................................................ 24 Figure 22. IoT network protocols mapped to the TCP/IP model [27] ................................................... 24 Figure 23. Scrum Workflow .................................................................................................................. 33 Figure 24. Kanban Board ....................................................................................................................... 35 Figure 25. DevOps ................................................................................................................................. 36 Figure 26. IoT three tier architecture used in Haaga-Helia IoT student project ................................... 52 Figure 27. Haaga-Helia IoT test environment v1.0. .............................................................................. 53 Figure 28. Classroom IoT CO2 measurement application. .................................................................... 54 Figure 29. CO2 levels in a classroom. .................................................................................................... 55 Figure 30. Campsite status monitoring IoT architecture ...................................................................... 56 Figure 31. IoT Rapid Proto Labs Challenges .......................................................................................... 57 List of Tables Table 1. Technical specifications of different Arduino compatible boards .......................................... 16 Table 2. Technical specifications of different Raspberry Pi compatible single-board computers ........ 18 WP3: Best Practices
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