Sustainable Finance & Investment
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Arbeitskreis Quantitative Steuerlehre
arqus Arbeitskreis Quantitative Steuerlehre www.arqus.info Diskussionsbeitrag Nr. 3 Caren Sureth / Ralf Maiterth Wealth Tax as Alternative Minimum Tax ? − The Impact of a Wealth Tax on Business Structure and Strategy − April 2005 arqus Diskussionsbeiträge zur Quantitativen Steuerlehre arqus Discussion Papers on Quantitative Tax Research ISSN 1861-8944 Wealth Tax as Alternative Minimum Tax ? – The Impact of a Wealth Tax on Business Structure and Strategy – Caren Sureth∗ † and Ralf Maiterth∗∗ April 2005 ∗ Prof. Dr. Caren Sureth, University of Paderborn, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] † corresponding author ∗∗ Dr. Ralf Maiterth, University of Hanover, Department of Economics, K¨onigsworther Platz 1, D-30167 Hanover, Germany, e-mail: [email protected] Wealth Tax as Alternative Minimum Tax ? – The Impact of a Wealth Tax on Business Structure and Strategy – Abstract An alternative minimum tax (AMT) is often regarded as desirable. We analyze a wealth tax at corporate and personal level that is designed as an AMT as proposed by the German Green Party. This wealth tax is imputable to profit taxes and is hence intended to prevent multiple (multistage) taxation. Referring to data from annual reports and the German Central Bank we model enterprises of different structure, industry, size and legal status. We show that companies in the service sector which generally maintain rather high gearing rates are more frequently subjected to the wealth tax than capital intensive industries. This result runs counter to well-known effects of a common wealth tax. Capital intensive firms, e.g. in the metal industry, are levied with definitive wealth tax only if they have large loss carry-forwards or extremely volatile profits. -
Enel Green Power, Sharp and Stmicroelectronics Sign Agreement for the Largest Photovoltaic-Panel Manufacturing Plant in Italy
Enel Green Power, Sharp and STMicroelectronics Sign Agreement for the Largest Photovoltaic-Panel Manufacturing Plant in Italy January 4, 2010 3:04 AM ET Enel Green Power, Sharp and STMicroelectronics join forces to produce innovative thin-film photovoltaic panels. The plant, located in Catania, Italy, is expected to have initial production capacity of 160 MW per year and is targeted to grow to 480 MW over the next years. In addition, Enel Green Power and Sharp will jointly develop solar farms focusing on the Mediterranean area, with a total installed capacity at a level of 500 MW, by the end of 2016. Geneva, January 4, 2010 – Today, Enel Green Power, Sharp and STMicroelectronics signed an agreement for the manufacture of triple-junction thin-film photovoltaic panels in Italy. At the same time, Enel Green Power and Sharp signed a further agreement to jointly develop solar farms. Today's agreement regarding the photovoltaic panel factory follows the Memorandum of Understanding signed in May 2008 by Enel Green Power and Sharp. STMicroelectronics has joined this strategic partnership. This agreement marks the first time that three global technology and industrial powerhouses have joined together in an equal partnership to contribute their unique value-add to the solar industry. It brings together Enel Green Power, with its international market development and project management know-how; Sharp, and its exclusive triple-junction thin-film technology, which will be operational in the mother plant in Sakai, Japan as of spring 2010; and STMicroelectronics, with its manufacturing capacity, skills and resources in highly advanced, hi-tech sectors such as microelectronics. -
DXE Liquidity Provider Registered Firms
DXE Liquidity Provider Program Registered Securities European Equities TheCboe following Europe Limited list of symbols specifies which firms are registered to supply liquidity for each symbol in 2021-09-28: 1COVd - Covestro AG Citadel Securities GCS (Ireland) Limited (Program Three) DRW Europe B.V. (Program Three) HRTEU Limited (Program Two) Jane Street Financial Limited (Program Three) Jump Trading Europe B.V. (Program Three) Qube Master Fund Limited (Program One) Societe Generale SA (Program Three) 1U1d - 1&1 AG Citadel Securities GCS (Ireland) Limited (Program Three) HRTEU Limited (Program Two) Jane Street Financial Limited (Program Three) 2GBd - 2G Energy AG Citadel Securities GCS (Ireland) Limited (Program Three) Jane Street Financial Limited (Program Three) 3BALm - WisdomTree EURO STOXX Banks 3x Daily Leveraged HRTEU Limited (Program One) 3DELm - WisdomTree DAX 30 3x Daily Leveraged HRTEU Limited (Program One) 3ITLm - WisdomTree FTSE MIB 3x Daily Leveraged HRTEU Limited (Program One) 3ITSm - WisdomTree FTSE MIB 3x Daily Short HRTEU Limited (Program One) 8TRAd - Traton SE Jane Street Financial Limited (Program Three) 8TRAs - Traton SE Jane Street Financial Limited (Program Three) Cboe Europe Limited is a Recognised Investment Exchange regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. Cboe Europe Limited is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Cboe Global Markets, Inc. and is a company registered in England and Wales with Company Number 6547680 and registered office at 11 Monument Street, London EC3R 8AF. This document has been established for information purposes only. The data contained herein is believed to be reliable but is not guaranteed. None of the information concerning the services or products described in this document constitutes advice or a recommendation of any product or service. -
Sustainability-Linked Bond Sterling
Media Relations Investor Relations T +39 06 8305 5699 T +39 06 8305 7975 [email protected] [email protected] enel.com enel.com THIS ANNOUNCEMENT CANNOT BE DISTRIBUTED IN OR INTO THE UNITED STATES OR TO ANY PERSON LOCATED, RESIDENT OR DOMICILED IN THE UNITED STATES, ITS TERRITORIES AND POSSESSIONS, ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES OR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA (INCLUDING PUERTO RICO, THE US VIRGIN ISLANDS, GUAM, AMERICAN SAMOA, WAKE ISLAND AND THE NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS) OR TO ANY PERSON LOCATED OR RESIDENT IN ANY OTHER JURISDICTION WHERE IT IS UNLAWFUL TO DISTRIBUTE THIS DOCUMENT. ENEL SUCCESSFULLY LAUNCHES A 500 MILLION POUNDS STERLING “SUSTAINABILITY-LINKED BOND”, THE FIRST OF ITS KIND ON THE STERLING MARKET • Enel Finance International N.V. has placed the sterling market’s first “Sustainability-Linked bond”, which is linked to the achievement of Enel’s sustainable objective related to the percentage of consolidated renewable installed capacity on total consolidated installed capacity, in line with the commitment to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals • The issue was almost six times oversubscribed, with orders of about 3 billion pounds sterling. The strong demand from investors for the “Sustainability-Linked bond” once again confirms the appreciation and confidence of the financial markets in the soundness of the Enel Group’s sustainable strategy and the consequent impact on the economic and financial results Rome, October 13 th , 2020 - Enel Finance International N.V. (“EFI”), the Dutch-registered finance company controlled by Enel S.p.A. (“Enel”) 1, launched today a single-tranche “Sustainability-Linked bond” for institutional investors on the sterling market totaling 500 million pounds sterling, equivalent to about 550 million euros. -
Authority and Democracy in Postwar France and West Germany, 1945–1968*
Authority and Democracy in Postwar France and West Germany, 1945–1968* Sonja Levsen Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg In a radio interview in 1966, Theodor Adorno severely criticized what he saw as the faults of the German attitude toward authority. He claimed that “even in the literature on education—and this really is something truly frightening and very German—we find no sign of that uncompromising support for education for ma- turity, which we should be able to take for granted. In the place of maturity we find there a concept of authority, of commitment, or whatever other name these hideosities are given, which is decorated and veiled by existential-ontological arguments which sabotage the idea of maturity. In doing so they work, not just implicitly but quite openly, against the basic conditions required for a democ- racy.”1 Adorno’s diagnosis was characteristic of German educational debates in the late 1960s. It echoed concerns that were common not only among left-wing intellectuals but also in growing segments of the German public. German edu- cation, in this view, tended to undervalue critical thinking and maturity (Mün- digkeit) and was impregnated by an ideology of authority that counteracted the principles of democracy. Intellectuals in the 1960s saw this “authoritarianism” as the base mentality upon which National Socialism had grown and viewed its persistence in the Federal Republic as a “very German” phenomenon, a vestige of the Nazi period. Motivated by the diagnosis of a democratic deficit in 1960s Germany, Theo- dor Adorno delivered a series of radio speeches to the German public. -
Wells Fargo/Causeway International Value CIT Fact Sheet
As of June 30, 2021 Collective Fund fact sheet wellsfargoassetmanagement.com/collective Wells Fargo/Causeway International Value CIT Asset class: International Equity Class CUSIP Ticker Sector allocation (%) TR 94987Q342 CWINTTR 25 20 FUND OBJECTIVE 15 This Collective Investment Trust ("CIT", "the 10 Fund", or "collective fund") seeks long-term growth of capital. 5 0 FUND STRATEGY The Fund invests primarily in common stocks of -5 companies located in developed countries -10 outside the U.S. Normally, the Fund invests at Communication Consumer Consumer Information services discretionary staples Energy Financials Health care Industria ls technolo gy Materials Real estate Utilities least 80% of its total assets in stocks of companies located in at least ten foreign Fund 0.0 5.4 7.5 5.0 20.6 14.7 20.6 15.7 5.5 0.0 5.2 countries and invests the majority of its total Index 5.0 13.0 10.5 3.2 16.9 12.4 15.5 9.1 7.9 3.0 3.4 assets in companies that pay dividends or Allocation -5.0 -7.6 -3.0 1.8 3.7 2.3 5.1 6.6 -2.4 -3.0 1.8 repurchase their shares. The Fund may invest variance up to 10% of its total assets in companies in Sector allocations are as of the date specified above and subject to change without notice. Due to rounding, fund and index sums may not add up emerging (less developed) markets. to exactly 100%. Excludes any cash or cash equivalents that may be held by the fund. -
Euro Stoxx® Quality Dividend 50 Index
STRATEGY INDICES 1 EURO STOXX® QUALITY DIVIDEND 50 INDEX Index description Key facts The EURO STOXX Quality Dividend 50 Index systematically aims at » Ideal to achieve a balanced exposure between a dividend paying selecting the top 50 stocks in terms of quality and dividend yield and a high quality strategy from the EURO STOXX index, whilst minimizing overall volatility of the derived index. » Liquid universe ensured by the use of the ADTR screening » Balanced approach between the different screenings » Diversification though capping of component weights to 4% and number of companies per industry to 15 Descriptive statistics Index Market cap (EUR bn.) Components (EUR bn.) Component weight (%) Turnover (%) Full Free-float Mean Median Largest Smallest Largest Smallest Last 12 months EURO STOXX Quality Dividend 50 Index 1,088.9 872.4 17.1 13.0 41.2 2.3 4.8 0.3 68.4 EURO STOXX Index 5,888.0 4,364.9 14.5 6.8 119.7 1.5 2.7 0.0 2.8 Supersector weighting (top 10) Country weighting Risk and return figures1 Index returns Return (%) Annualized return (%) Last month YTD 1Y 3Y 5Y Last month YTD 1Y 3Y 5Y EURO STOXX Quality Dividend 50 Index 3.1 17.7 24.4 41.2 82.3 N/A N/A 24.6 12.3 12.9 EURO STOXX Index 2.3 16.8 24.6 39.4 88.1 N/A N/A 24.8 11.9 13.7 Index volatility and risk Annualized volatility (%) Annualized Sharpe ratio2 EURO STOXX Quality Dividend 50 Index 7.3 9.0 9.4 17.6 16.0 N/A N/A 2.3 0.7 0.8 EURO STOXX Index 6.3 9.9 10.2 18.7 17.1 N/A N/A N/A 0.7 0.8 Index to benchmark Correlation Tracking error (%) EURO STOXX Quality Dividend 50 Index 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 2.8 3.9 4.0 3.5 3.5 Index to benchmark Beta Annualized information ratio EURO STOXX Quality Dividend 50 Index 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 3.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 1 For information on data calculation, please refer to STOXX calculation reference guide. -
Green Hydrogen the Next Transformational Driver of the Utilities Industry
EQUITY RESEARCH | September 22, 2020 | 9:41PM BST The following is a redacted version of the original report. See inside for details. Green Hydrogen The next transformational driver of the Utilities industry In our Carbonomics report we analysed the major role of clean hydrogen in the transition towards Net Zero. Here we focus on Green hydrogen (“e-Hydrogen”), which is produced when renewable energy powers the electrolysis of water. Green hydrogen looks poised to become a once-in-a-generation opportunity: we estimate it could give rise to a €10 trn addressable market globally by 2050 for the Utilities industry alone. e-Hydrogen could become pivotal to the Utilities (and Energy) industry, with the potential by 2050 to: (i) turn into the largest electricity customer, and double power demand in Europe; (ii) double our already top-of-the-street 2050 renewables capex EU Green Deal Bull Case estimates (tripling annual wind/solar additions); (iii) imply a profound reconfiguration of the gas grid; (iv) solve the issue of seasonal power storage; and (v) provide a second life to conventional thermal power producers thanks to the conversion of gas plants into hydrogen turbines. Alberto Gandolfi Ajay Patel Michele Della Vigna, CFA Mafalda Pombeiro Mathieu Pidoux +44 20 7552-2539 +44 20 7552-1168 +44 20 7552-9383 +44 20 7552-9425 +44 20 7051-4752 alberto.gandolfi@gs.com [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Goldman Sachs International Goldman Sachs International Goldman Sachs International Goldman Sachs International Goldman Sachs International Goldman Sachs does and seeks to do business with companies covered in its research reports. -
Europe 500 2021 Ranking Accounting for 14% of That the Continent’S Rapid the Total Brand Value (€237.7 Billion)
Europe 500 2021The annual report on the most valuable and strongest European brands June 2021 Contents. About Brand Finance 4 Get in Touch 4 Brandirectory.com 6 Brand Finance Group 6 Foreword 8 Executive Summary 10 Sector Reputation Analysis 18 Brand Finance Europe 500 (EUR m) 20 Brand Spotlights 30 Enedis 32 Interview with Catherine Lescure, Communications and CSR Director Orange 34 Interview with Béatrice Mandine, Executive Director of Communication, Brand and Engagement Porsche 36 Interview with Robert Ader, CMO of Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG Bankinter 38 Interview with Yolanda Sanz Rey, Director of Image and Brand Management Meliá 40 Interview with André P. Gerondeau, Chief Operating Officer Global Soft Power Index 42 Germany 46 Interview with European Entrepreneurs France 48 Italy 50 Interview with Parmigiano Reggiano Spain 52 Interview with España Global Ireland 54 Ukraine 56 Interview with the Ukrainian Institute Methodology 58 Definitions 60 Brand Valuation Methodology 61 Brand Strength 62 Brand Equity Research Database 63 Our Services 64 Consulting Services 66 Brand Evaluation Services 67 Communications Services 68 Brand Finance Network 71 © 2021 All rights reserved. Brand Finance Plc. Brand Finance Europe 500 June 2021 3 About Brand Finance. Request your own Brand Finance is the world's leading brand valuation consultancy. We bridge the gap between marketing and finance Brand Value Report Brand Finance was set up in 1996 with the aim of 'bridging the gap between marketing and finance'. For 25 years, we have helped companies and organisations of all types to A Brand Value Report provides a connect their brands to the bottom line. -
Uniper and Fortum
FORTUM – For a cleaner world Investor / Analyst material April 2018 Disclaimer This presentation does not constitute an invitation to underwrite, subscribe for, or otherwise acquire or dispose of any Fortum shares. Past performance is no guide to future performance, and persons needing advice should consult an independent financial adviser. Any references to the future represent the management’s current best understanding. However the final outcome may differ from them. 2 Content Fortum today 4 – 18 European and Nordic power markets 19 – 26 Fortum’s nuclear fleet 27 – 30 Russia 31 – 33 Thermal capacity in Russia 33 Historical achieved prices 34 Interim Report Q1 2018 35 – 55 Uniper investment 56 – 59 IR contacts 60 3 Appr. 130,000 shareholders • Power and heat company in the Nordic Finnish households countries, Russia, Poland and the Baltics 10.3% Financial and • Listed at the Helsinki Stock Exchange insurance institutions 1.4% since 1998 Other Finnish • Among the most traded shares on investors the Nasdaq Helsinki stock exchange 7.5% Finnish • Market cap ~16 billion euros State 50.8% Foreign investors 30.0% 28 February 2018 4 Capital returns: 2017 EUR 1.10 per share ~ EUR 1 billion Fortum’s dividend policy is based on 5 year dividend per share (EUR) history the following preconditions: • The dividend policy ensures that shareholders receive a fair remuneration for their entrusted capital, supported 1,4 1.3 by the company’s long-term strategy that aims at increasing earnings per share and thereby the dividend. 1,2 1.1 0.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 • When proposing the dividend, the Board of Directors 1,0 1.1 looks at a range of factors, including the macro 0,8 environment, balance sheet strength as well as future investment plans. -
Explaining Incumbent Internationalization of the Public Utilities: Cases from Telecommunications and Electricity
Explaining incumbent internationalization of the public utilities: Cases from telecommunications and electricity Judith Clifton, Daniel Díaz-Fuentes, Marcos Gutiérrez and Julio Revuelta ∗ One major consequence of the reform of public service utilities in the European Union since the 1980s - particularly privatization, liberalization, deregulation and unbundling - was that a number of formerly inward-looking incumbents in telecommunications and electricity transformed themselves into some of the world’s leading multinationals. Now, reform was a prerequisite for their internationalization, substantially changing the business options available to incumbents. However, the precise relationship between reform and incumbent internationalization is contested. In this paper, three dominant political economy arguments on this relationship are tested. The first claims that incumbents most exposed to domestic reform (liberalization and privatization) would internationalize most. The second asserts that incumbents operating where reform was limited or slower-than-average would exploit monopolistic rents to finance aggressive internationalization. The third argument claims that a diversity of paths would be adopted by countries and incumbents vis-à-vis reform and internationalization, differences being explained by institutional features. After compiling an original database on extent of incumbent internationalization, alongside OECD data on ownership and liberalization, we deploy correlation and cluster analysis to seek explanations for internationalization. Evidence is found in favor of the third hypothesis. Internationalization as a response to reform took diverse forms in terms of timing and extent. This can therefore be best explained using a country, sector and firm logic. Key words: Utilities, European Union, internationalization, liberalization, privatization. ∗ Department of Economics, Universidad de Cantabria, Av de los Castros s.n., Cantabria D39005, Spain. -
Common Stocks — 104.5%
Eaton Vance Tax-Advantaged Global Dividend Income Fund January 31, 2021 PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (Unaudited) Common Stocks — 104.5% Security Shares Value Aerospace & Defense — 0.8% Safran S.A.(1) 98,721 $ 12,409,977 $ 12,409,977 Banks — 6.7% Bank of New York Mellon Corp. (The) 518,654 $ 20,657,989 Citigroup, Inc. 301,884 17,506,253 HDFC Bank, Ltd.(1) 512,073 9,775,702 ING Groep NV(1) 1,676,061 14,902,461 Japan Post Bank Co., Ltd. 445,438 3,851,696 Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc. 2,506,237 11,317,609 Mizuho Financial Group, Inc. 292,522 3,856,120 Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, Inc. 186,747 5,801,916 Wells Fargo & Co. 341,979 10,218,332 $ 97,888,078 Beverages — 1.0% Diageo PLC 378,117 $ 15,180,328 $ 15,180,328 Biotechnology — 1.2% CSL, Ltd. 82,845 $ 17,175,550 $ 17,175,550 Building Products — 0.9% Assa Abloy AB, Class B 509,607 $ 12,603,485 $ 12,603,485 Chemicals — 0.7% Sika AG 38,393 $ 10,447,185 $ 10,447,185 Construction & Engineering — 0.0% Abengoa S.A., Class A(1)(2) 311,491 $ 0 Abengoa S.A., Class B(1)(2) 3,220,895 0 $0 Construction Materials — 0.9% CRH PLC 332,889 $ 13,660,033 $ 13,660,033 Consumer Finance — 0.6% Capital One Financial Corp. 79,722 $ 8,311,816 $ 8,311,816 1 Security Shares Value Diversified Financial Services — 2.5% Berkshire Hathaway, Inc., Class B(1) 101,853 $ 23,209,243 ORIX Corp.