DOCSLIB.ORG

4AWW.Tarpaprov Cyrus Field

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
4AWW.Tarpaprov Cyrus Field AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Alexander Schriener Jr.for the degree ofMaster of Science in Geology presented onOur-'5A15 icr/B Title: THE GEOLOGY AND MINERALIZATION OF THE NORTH PART OF THE WASHOUGAL MINING D RICT, SKAMANIA COUNTY HINGTOAP Air Abstract approved: . 4AWW.TarPAPrOv Cyrus Field The Washougal Mining District is approximately 50 km (30 miles) northeast of Vancouver, Washington, along the western slopes of the Cascade Range. Although the district has produced the unostentatious amount of $572 in metals since1903, the presence of porphyritic intrusions, hydrothermal alteration, brecciapipes, and base-metal mineralization typical ofmany porphyry copper- molybdenum deposits give thisarea increased exploration signifi- cance. Bedrock in the district consists primarily of mafic to inter- mediate flows and volcaniclastics of probable Eoceneto Oligocene age, which have been intruded by the Silver Star plutonic complex. This complex is composed ofa chilled border phase, diorite, quartz diorite, granodiorite, quartz diorite porphyry, gran.odioriteporphyry, and granite aplite, in probable order of emplacement.In addition, at least 21 tourmaline-bearing breccia pipes, interpreted to have formed by late-stage magmatic fluids, are associated primarily with the granodiorite phase. The phases of the complex display the systematic and continuous variations in mineralogy and chemical composition that are characteristic of a rock suite differentiated from a single magma which underwent late-stage silica and potas- sium enrichment. Northwest-trending folds and faults are found throughout the Washougal District.There is a close correlation between joint plane orientations, and lineaments determined from aerial photographs. This association suggests that pre-existing north-northeast- and no structures controlled the emplacement of the intrusion and localized the related hydrothermal mineralization. Prophylitic, phyllic, potas sic, and tourmaline alteration as well as the associated copper, molybdenum, and zinc mineralization accompanied and (Or) closely followed the emplacement of the granodi- orite porphyry phase.The ore minerals, which are generally re- stricted to the hydrothermal breccias and the surrounding host rock, are sporadically zoned throughout the district. Anomalously high concentrations of copper and molybdenum are broadly antipathetic with those of silver, lead, and zinc.The association of calc-alkalic magma including porphyritic phases, tourmaline-bearing breccias, and erratic hydrothermal alteration and metallization suggests that the Silver Star plutonic complex as presently exposed is a high level porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit. Geology and Mineralization of the North Part of the Washougal Mining District, Skamania County, Washington by Alexander Schriener Jr. A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Completed August 1978 Commencement June 1979 APPROVED: Pro eology in charge of major idgf Chairman of Department Geology Graduate cho ol Dean?"1401 Date thesis is presented OtASk 18 1°178 Typed by Opal Grossnicklaus for ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I wish to thank my wife, Margie, for her help in preparing this manuscript, and for her confidence, love, and companionship throughout my graduate studies.I especially thank her for paying the rent and putting food on the table. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to Dr. Cyrus W. Field for his patience, encouragement, and support in completing the thesis problem.Special thanks are extended to Dr. Paul E. Hammond for indispensable discussions on the regional geology. Doctors E. J. Dash, J. G. Johnson, and A. J. Kimerling critically read the manuscript and offered thoughtful suggestions.In addition, discus- sions with other professors, particularly Drs. H. E. Enlows, R. D. Lawrence, W. H. Taubeneck, E. M. Taylor, and R. S. Yeats, were helpful.I. am indebted to many fellow graduate students for helpful comments and discussions.In particular the help of G. A. Ehret, J. P. Olson, S. G. Power Storch, M. P. Schaubs, and R. Shepard are noted.Laboratory expenses were paid for by Hannah Mining Company. Amoco Minerals Company graciously allowed me access to their claims within the study area.Also, a special thanks to Mr. Tom Bourns, project geologist for Amoco, for his help. Last, but obviously not least, heartfelt gratitude is expressed to my family for their love, understanding, and support throughout my college career.I especially thank my parents for the use of their well-stocked summer home and my grandparents for their generous assistance. The friendship and four-wheel drive of Mr. C. F. Brenne are appreciated. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1 Location, Access, and Topography 1. Previous Geologic Investigations 3 Purpose and Methods 4 Terminology 6 REGIONAL GEOLOGIC SETTING 8 VOLCANIC AND SEDIMENTARY ROCKS 14 East Fork Formation, 14 Volcaniclastics 15 Mafic Flows 18 Origin, Regional Correlation, and Age 20 Skamania Formation 21 Mafic Flows 22 Volcaniclastics 26 Dacite Flow 27 Origin, Regional Correlation, and Age 28 Mafic Dikes 29 Unconsolidated Surficial Deposits 30 SILVER STAR PLUTONIC COMPLEX 31 Chilled Border Phase 31 Diorite 34 Quartz Diorite 36 Granodiorite 40 Quartz Diorite Porphyry 45 Granodiorite Porphyry 48 Granite Aplite 51 Petrochemistry 54 Emplacement and Age 63 HYDROTHERMAL BRECCIA PIPES 66 Specific Characteristics 69 Examples of Other Breccias 74 Origin 77 STRUCTURE 82 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY 94 Mineral Deposits 95 Alteration Minerals 97 Chemical Effects of Alteration 101 Trace Element Geochemistry 104 Economic Potential 112 GEOLOGIC SUMMARY 115 BIBLIOGRAPHY 120 APPENDIX I. Location of rock samples 130 APPENDIX U.Measured sections 131 APPENDIX III.Geochemical data 134 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page Index map of the study area. 2 Harker variation diagrams for igneous rocks. 56 AFM and NKC diagrams for igneous rocks. 58 Comparison of AFM and NKC trends. 59 Qtz, K-spar, P-spar modal composition trend for intrusions. 60 Qz, or, ab+an normative composition trend for intrusions. 62 Amphibole-bearing breccia from the Miners Queen 67 breccia pipe. Matrix-rich breccia from the Lookout breccia pipe. 67 Geology of the Miners Queen breccia. 71 Geology of the Lookout breccia. 73 Attitudes of Tertiary volcanic and sedimentary rocks. 83 Attitudes of faults and shear planes. 85 Attitudes of joints. 87 Rose diagram of strike trends for joints. 88 Lineaments as determined from aerial photographs. 90 Comparison of Rose diagrams for sub-vertical joints and lineaments. 91 Lineaments compared with the general geology of the Washougal District. 92 Figure Cumulative frequency distributions of Cu, Ag, Mo, Pb, and Zn for plutonic rocks. Cumulative frequency distributions of Cu, Ag, Mo, Pb, and Zn for voilcanic rocks. Trace element rock chip sample locations and composite values of Ag, Cu, Mo, Pb, and Zn. Stream silt sample locations and composite values for copper, zinc, lead, and silver. LIST OF PLATES Plate Page 1. Geologic map of the north part of the Washougal District, Skamania County, Washington. in pocket LIST OF TABLES Table Page Stratigraphic terminology in the southern Cascades of Washington. 10 Modal analyses of volcaniclastics from the East Fork formation. 17 Modal analyses of mafic flows from the East Fork formation. 19 Modal and chemical analyses for mafic flows from the Skamania formation. 24 Modal analyses for chilled border phase. 33 Modal and chemical analyses for diorite. 35 Modal and chemical analyses for quartz diorite. 38 Modal and chemical analyses for granodiorite. 43 Modal and chemical analyses for quartz diorite porphyry. 47 Modal and chemical analyses for granodiorite porphyry. 49 Modal and chemical analyses for granite aplite. 53 Modal and chemical analyses, and normative calcula- tions for intrusions. 55 Modal and chemical analyses for altered plutonic rocks. 102 Average threshold abundances of Ag, Cu, Mo, Pb, and Zn for the Washougal District. 109 Most of the area of study is within the boundaries of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest.It is primarily comprised of the secs. 13- 36, T. 4 N., R. 5 E.; secs. 1-12, T.3 N., R. 5 E. The thesis area, shown in Figure 1, occupies 48km2(30m.23.) in the northeast corner of the mining district. The district is accessible from Vancouver and Battleground, Washington via state and county roads.Within the Washougal THE GEOLOGY AND MINERALIZATION OF THE NORTH PART OF THE WASHOUGAL MINING DISTRICT, SKAMANIA COUNTY, WASHINGTON INTRODUCTION The Washougal Mining District is the southernmost district in Washington.It is located along the western slopes of the Cascade Range, approximately. 50 km (30 mi) northeast of Vancouver, Washington. Although the district has been the site of base metal exploration for the past 75 years, the production history for the region has been small and disappointing.Copper, silver, lead, zinc, and gold were the principal metals produced from the area according to Moen (1977). With the anticipated increased need for mineral resources and with new production techniques, exploration interest in the district has renewed. Location, Access, and Topography Most of the area of study is within the boundaries of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest.It is primarily comprised of the secs. 13- 36, T. 4 N., R. 5 E.; secs. 1-12, T. 3 N., R. 5E. The thesis . area, shown in Figure 1, occupies 48km2(30mi2)in the northeast corner of the mining district. The district is accessible from Vancouver and Battleground, Washington
Load more

Recommended publications
  • USGS Geologic Investigations Series I-1963, Pamphlet
    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR TO ACCOMPANY MAP I-1963 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE SKYKOMISH RIVER 30- BY 60 MINUTE QUADRANGLE, WASHINGTON By R.W. Tabor, V.A. Frizzell, Jr., D.B. Booth, R.B. Waitt, J.T. Whetten, and R.E. Zartman INTRODUCTION From the eastern-most edges of suburban Seattle, the Skykomish River quadrangle stretches east across the low rolling hills and broad river valleys of the Puget Lowland, across the forested foothills of the North Cascades, and across high meadowlands to the bare rock peaks of the Cascade crest. The quadrangle straddles parts of two major river systems, the Skykomish and the Snoqualmie Rivers, which drain westward from the mountains to the lowlands (figs. 1 and 2). In the late 19th Century mineral deposits were discovered in the Monte Cristo, Silver Creek and the Index mining districts within the Skykomish River quadrangle. Soon after came the geologists: Spurr (1901) studied base- and precious- metal deposits in the Monte Cristo district and Weaver (1912a) and Smith (1915, 1916, 1917) in the Index district. General geologic mapping was begun by Oles (1956), Galster (1956), and Yeats (1958a) who mapped many of the essential features recognized today. Areas in which additional studies have been undertaken are shown on figure 3. Our work in the Skykomish River quadrangle, the northwest quadrant of the Wenatchee 1° by 2° quadrangle, began in 1975 and is part of a larger mapping project covering the Wenatchee quadrangle (fig. 1). Tabor, Frizzell, Whetten, and Booth have primary responsibility for bedrock mapping and compilation.
    [Show full text]
  • Morning Star Peak, Vega Tower, Marvin's
    AAC Publications Morning Star Peak, Vega Tower, Marvin's Ear Washington, North Cascades During the Fourth of July weekend, a planned climb on Vesper Peak (6,214’) turned into an alpine picnic due to my wife Shelia experiencing first-trimester morning sickness. But another piece of rock had caught my attention during our hike over Headlee Pass: Vega Tower (5,480’), a sub-summit on the north ridge of Morning Star Peak (6,020’). [Editor’s note: Vega Tower is looker’s right of Vegan Tower, another sub-summit along the ridge that’s home to the popular route Mile High Club (see AAJ 2016)] Vega had one technical route listed in the Beckey guide on its western aspect, called Starshot Ridge (5.8), said to have been established by Jerome Eberharter and Reese Martin in 1981. Martin passed away in 2004, but I was able to contact Eberharter, who said he was actually down in Yosemite during that time and wasn’t Martin’s partner for Starshot. As best I could tell, Starshot stayed to the right on blockier terrain, but the aesthetic west ridge proper appeared to be unclimbed. A couple of weeks later, I returned with Imran Rahman. In a gully right of our intended line we thrutched our way through cedars and kicked our approach shoes into matted heather needles to a ridgeline notch, where an exposed low-fifth-class pitch brought us to the top. We rapped the crest, establishing the anchors and route line from the top down while friends hollered in the mist on the neighboring Mile High Club.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mountaineers Annual Safety Report for 2015
    The Mountaineers Annual Safety Report for 2015 June 2016 Prepared by the Mountaineers Safety Committee: Mindy Roberts – Chair (outgoing) Dave Shema – Chair (incoming) Helen Arntson – Seattle Safety Officer Peter Clitherow – Seattle Adam Clark – Everett Thomas Thrasher – Kitsap Safety Officer N. Michael Hansen – Seattle Dick Lambe – Foothills Safety Officer Tom Varga – Properties Safety Officer Rich Leggett – Seattle Jim Nelson – Seattle Raphi Giangiulio – Tacoma Safety Officer Tom Pearson – Olympia Safety Officer James Pierson – Bellingham Safety Officer Mark Scheffer – Seattle Doug Sanders – Everett Mike Sweeney – Seattle Tony Tsuboi – Everett Safety Officer TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Summary Statistics ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 Major Incidents (Emergency Medical Attention; Search and Rescue or 911 call and search performed) .................. 10 December 31, 2014 – Meany Lodge ........................................................................................................................ 10 March 28, 2015 – Leavenworth climbing (Crag Class field trip) .............................................................................. 10 June 22, 2015 – Stevens Peak (Alpine Scramble outing) ........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Geologic Map of Washington - Northwest Quadrant
    GEOLOGIC MAP OF WASHINGTON - NORTHWEST QUADRANT by JOE D. DRAGOVICH, ROBERT L. LOGAN, HENRY W. SCHASSE, TIMOTHY J. WALSH, WILLIAM S. LINGLEY, JR., DAVID K . NORMAN, WENDY J. GERSTEL, THOMAS J. LAPEN, J. ERIC SCHUSTER, AND KAREN D. MEYERS WASHINGTON DIVISION Of GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES GEOLOGIC MAP GM-50 2002 •• WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENTOF 4 r Natural Resources Doug Sutherland· Commissioner of Pubhc Lands Division ol Geology and Earth Resources Ron Telssera, Slate Geologist WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES Ron Teissere, State Geologist David K. Norman, Assistant State Geologist GEOLOGIC MAP OF WASHINGTON­ NORTHWEST QUADRANT by Joe D. Dragovich, Robert L. Logan, Henry W. Schasse, Timothy J. Walsh, William S. Lingley, Jr., David K. Norman, Wendy J. Gerstel, Thomas J. Lapen, J. Eric Schuster, and Karen D. Meyers This publication is dedicated to Rowland W. Tabor, U.S. Geological Survey, retired, in recognition and appreciation of his fundamental contributions to geologic mapping and geologic understanding in the Cascade Range and Olympic Mountains. WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES GEOLOGIC MAP GM-50 2002 Envelope photo: View to the northeast from Hurricane Ridge in the Olympic Mountains across the eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca to the northern Cascade Range. The Dungeness River lowland, capped by late Pleistocene glacial sedi­ ments, is in the center foreground. Holocene Dungeness Spit is in the lower left foreground. Fidalgo Island and Mount Erie, composed of Jurassic intrusive and Jurassic to Cretaceous sedimentary rocks of the Fidalgo Complex, are visible as the first high point of land directly across the strait from Dungeness Spit.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Mountain Goat Management Plan / Environmental Impact
    Chapter 3: Affected Environment CHAPTER 3: AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT INTRODUCTION The “Affected Environment” describes existing conditions for those elements of the natural and cultural environments that could be affected by implementing the alternatives considered in this Mountain Goat Management Plan / Environmental Impact Statement (plan/EIS). These include (1) areas of Olympic National Park and Olympic National Forest on the Olympic Peninsula, from where mountain goats could be removed; and (2) areas in the North Cascades national forests, where mountain goats could be translocated. This Affected Environment chapter is therefore divided into two subsections addressing the affected environment of the Olympic Peninsula in Part One, followed by the North Cascades national forests in Part Two. On the Olympic Peninsula, mountain goat habitat comprises approximately 150,000 acres of high- elevation alpine and subalpine lands that are free of glacial ice and above 4,675 feet in elevation and within approximately 360 feet of steep rocky slopes (Jenkins et al. 2011a, 2016). Therefore, management activities associated with this plan/EIS would take place primarily above 4,000 feet, but some activity could take place in lower elevation areas during winter months. Management activities associated with alternatives B, C, and D would require multiple staging areas (as described in chapter 2) located strategically on both National Park Service (NPS) and National Forest System (NFS) lands. The discussion of the affected environment is limited to only those resources that may be affected by actions taken in identified mountain goat habitat and surrounding the staging areas (see figure 5 in chapter 2). The natural environment components addressed in this plan/EIS for the Olympic Peninsula include mountain goats, wilderness character, wildlife and wildlife habitat, vegetation, threatened or endangered species, acoustic environment, and soils.
    [Show full text]
  • 2012 National Search and Rescue Conference
    20122012 NationalNational SearchSearch andand RescueRescue ConferenceConference --AccidentAccident onon VesperVesper PeakPeak-- --MRAMRA FounderFounder CelebratesCelebrates 100100 YearsYears-- --Tourniquets:Tourniquets: AnAn AncientAncient TechnologyTechnology-- MRA Leadership President Neil Van Dyke Stowe Mountain Rescue [email protected] April 2012 Vice President 2012 National Search and Rescue Conference..…..……………….3 Doug Wessen Accident on Vesper Peak.………………………………………….5 Juneau Mountain Rescue [email protected] MRA Founder Celebrates 100 Years……………………………....9 International Technical Rescue Symposium (ITRS) 2012…...……9 Past President Seeking A Meridian Editor……………………………………….10 Charley Shimanski Alpine Rescue Team Risk Management and Safety Update…………………………....11 [email protected] Tourniquets: An Ancient Technology Revisited…………………11 Facebook Cover Photo Contest Winners…………………………13 Secretary/Treasurer Regional News: Rocky Mountain Region………………………..14 John Chang Bay Area Mountain Rescue Unit Appalachian Region……………………………………………...15 [email protected] Book Review: Don’t Die Out There & Freedom of the Hills Playing Cards…….……………………………………………….15 At-Large Member MRA Climbing Patrols and Rescue Response in Mt. Rainer Jim Frank National Park……………………………………………………..16 Santa Barbara County SAR Cover photo by Bill Parker, BAMRU [email protected] At-Large Member Dave Clarke Portland Mountain Rescue [email protected] Executive Secretary https://www.facebook.com/ Kayley Bell [email protected] Meridian Staff Editor: Anna DeBattiste
    [Show full text]
  • Council Districts (PDF)
    Skagit County R 5 E R 6 E R 7 E R 9 E R 10 E R 3 E R 4 E k R 8 E R 11 E e e Y W r W N C H F s E i k V s k R 6 h ree G o E A 5 4 e C r o r C3reek er ant C r 1 E ish 2 S B H F 6 r N ek 1 5 R e T re R 4 3 2 1 e G O C k o 8 9 6 I 5 ll 4 in 6 m H 3 2 r P o 1 6 5 4 s a d W 3 v Snohomish County 2 C 6 5 4 3 Lake Ketchum e Y 1 2 1 6 5 e e r 4 3 2 1 l r N e k 6 e e 5 4 C F E k k re re 3 2 1 6 5 e 4 C e 3 2 1 6 k e k n r k e se l E C e e e W r v e g er l r C e N e l s tt S C 0 C k re A E r ek 11 e ic 12 7 V e Countywide, thru Range 11 8 D A 9 D 10 11 H 12 7 8 T 9 10 11 12 S Blue Pool P R 6 7 8 9 530 NE k 7 10 I 11 12 Mo r Darrington Mtn O 7 8 9 o a hu 10 11 s P E N C r 12 7 8 e e 9 c 9 10 8 9 11 rs N 7 8 10 Y 300TH ST 7 10 12 11 12 7 0 E NW h 11 12 C o 0 8 9 10 W h 3 5678 11 12 7 E C r 5 W h F e hi te r rt o t i R R o r e Prairie Mtn k H e h North County Fire Sta 96 " e 300 k S TH ST NW 300TH ST NE k e N Fortson Ponds h e S o W e H r r C t k Cicero Pond *# i s I e W l Montague C 5586 C F la r T I F e r Y g " a k u FPD 25 Sta 37 e i C FPD 24 Sta 38 r l c 0 e a k k m r A u A e " a d i s # P P * s h B 13 18 o h k 17 m R k e t 14 D 16 ?@ e o Ó e r i North County Fire Sta 92 n L 15 v e C 14 E C e r 18 r e O 13 17 r C r N 16 C i 15 14 h u e 13 " c Three Rivers Mill Pond 18 q r e E n 17 16 15 e S e B k 14 13 r e V 18 17 l 16 k 15 F D a A Slou W O 14 13 a 16 s 18 17 16 18 17 15 c a g F 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 n 14 18 17 16 N r l L k y C 13 k 15 14 13 H h k C Darrington ree 18 r g ee D e e S k C T E r u Douglas C e e 9 5 r k q r o V E Darrington 9 1 u k C Airport e A e N i D k E re N e r e C k 0 e e r k ch 3 M D C h r c C t hu 5 o d r e E N C u R an ek N o 2 å R S url N S 0 23 Stanwood F S 1 24 W " E 19 W H A 20 S N 21 FPD 24 Sta 39 V 2 N V 22 a Stanwood R r 23 A k E E 19 v å E 24 e e 20 9 L 3 e V 21 22 23 y k V 24 e r A A 19 e Police Dept.
    [Show full text]
  • The Wild Cascades
    THE WILD CASCADES October-November 1974 2 THE WILD CASCADES INJ TUTS ISSUE... JHFRTT CREETR 13 3ELONMG- A" CASUALTY <3F ACCESSIBILITY, vionr-Hzcp gY CUMPER5 HE/VPlMG- FOR (MTS . RECOUBT AMP SPICtHR-D VIA A MBV U3CS-G-/NS- ROAD. CoUPTBy oF B.C. poEe^r JPEEUICPS AMJD cArrec — Mccer TIMBER CO. HOPEFULLY, . THQze CAM BE A SCJLOTICIN. "SEE PAGE -4. 4T *<- 4> *L 4F Apl E5AJ2L.y WARM I MS- IS S6UNDQ) A-S THE ^EMERfrT ECHFAMIES" CcWE PNOOPIMG- AROUNP OUR. HOUMTAIIOS # IS oEe*rHeR_MAl_ £3^pL_G>RAricU IMMlMeMT liM THE CASCADES? E-SE PAGE- <=?. A MA4SI2 MiMIHG— cTSP-SRATJciM HAS BB3M PPOPOSEE3 FOR THE VEE.FE.R. PEAK AREA EAST OF EVOKETT. SEVE RASE IO. OUR FAVORITE- IRATE. FT RPWARLHER. HAS <PAejsl«=TED> 5c«E TAHTALI2JWG- <STS>2>lP ON NEFAEJQUS &CHENE HAVING-TO Oo WITH THE MORTTH eSCLUf.pAE-M AMP A CERTAIN PRO­ POSED "SKI RePRT. BET Y"OU OA|NT W/=»(T TO TURKTO PAGE 13. Af #• #• 3H- TF- <3N PAGE a.o LB. IS AT ir AGA/M— THIS TIME HE'S TJEHED METEoR- OLJOGTIST A-IMD (HOODS FdETH WITH SOME FA SOJ MATING HUS/GUTX, <3fs| •£>H<M/UFAU_ N THE OASTAPES. HK- H K- HA 4<- PLUS MEWS AMDVtewg FROM CUR CofRespo^DEMrs AT—THE WONT, MEW &CCKS, AMD Moee 1. COVER PHOTO Forbidden Peak above Thunder Creek. Photo by John Warth October-November 1974 3 THE Ron Strickland TRAIL makes progress On June 10, 1974, there was introduced into Congress by Mr. Joel Pritchard H.R. 15298, "A bill to authorize a study for the purpose of determining the feasibility and the desirability of designating the Pacific Northwest Trail as a national scenic trail." OnOctoberl6, 1974, there was introduced into Congress by Senator Henry Jackson S.
    [Show full text]
  • Gem Stones in Washington
    State of Washington ARTHUR B. LANGLIE, Governor Department of Conservation and Development JACK V. ROGERS, DirectOT DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY SHELDON L. GLOVER, Supervisor Report of Investigations No.16 ORIGIN AND OCCURRENCE OF GEM STONES IN WASHINGTON By SHELDON L. GLOVER OLYMPIA. W A SH, STATE PRIN'rlNG Pl.ANT. OLYMPI A . WASH, 1949 For sale by Department of Conservation and Development, Olympia, Washington. Price, 25 cents. CONTENTS Page Introduction . 5 Gem-stone varieties of Washington. 7 Crystalline quartz . 7 Quartz crystal; rock crystal. 7 Amethyst; amethystine quartz. 7 Smoky quartz . 7 Milky quartz . 7 Chalcedonic quartz . 7 Agate; chalcedony . 7 Bloodstone . 8 Carnelian; sard . 8 Chert . 8 Flint . 8 Jasper . 8 Spherulitic jasper . 8 Frase . .. 9 Plasma . 9 Onyx . ... 9 Sardonyx . ... 9 Opal . ... 9 Common opal . 9 Hyalite . 9 Precious opal . 9 Fire opal . 9 Petrified wood . 9 Silicified wood . 9 Opalized wood . 9 Origin of agate, jasper, and petrified wood. 10 Mineral-bearing solutions ........................ .. ............. 10 Cavities and cavity filling. 11 Color characteristics . 13 Release and removal from host rocks ..................... ......... 14 Regions of the state and their collecting possibilities ......... .... ..... 15 Northeastern region ......................................... ... 15 Southeastern region . 15 Northern Cascade Mountains and Puget Sound region .... .......... 15 Southern Cascade Mountains region ....................... ... .... 16 Olympic Peninsula .........................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Mountaineers Annual Safety Report for 2014
    The Mountaineers Annual Safety Report for 2014 October 23, 2015 Prepared by the Mountaineers Safety Committee: Mindy Roberts – Chair Helen Arntson – Seattle Janine Burkhardt – Seattle Safety Officer Peter Clitherow – Seattle Brent Colvin – Everett Suzy Diesen – Kitsap Safety Officer N. Michael Hansen – Seattle Steve Kleine – Tacoma Dick Lambe – Foothills Safety Officer Geoff Lawrence – Properties Safety Officer Rich Leggett – Seattle Amy Mann – Tacoma Miriam Marcus-Smith – Seattle Jim Nelson – Seattle John Ohlson – Seattle Chad Painter – Tacoma Safety Officer Tom Pearson – Olympia Safety Officer Jeff Panza – Seattle James Pierson – Bellingham Safety Officer Mark Scheffer – Seattle Doug Sanders – Everett Dave Shema – Seattle Mike Sweeney – Seattle Cheryl Talbert – Global Adventures Safety Officer Tony Tsuboi – Everett Safety Officer Mike Waiss – Tacoma Jud Webb – Tacoma 1 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Summary Statistics ........................................................................................................................................ 7 Major Incidents (Emergency Medical Attention; Search and Rescue or 911 call and search performed) . 11 February 27, 2014 - Skiing or Winter Walking in Switzerland and Austria (Global Adventures outing) 11 March 23, 2014 – Seattle Program Center (Basic rock climb field trip) .................................................. 11 April 12, 2014 - Mt
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral Properties
    State of Washington ARTHUR B. LANGLIE, Governor Department of Conservation and Development ED DAVIS, Director DIVISION OF GEOLOGY HAROLD E. CULVER, Supervisor Report of Investigations No. 6 INVENTORY OF MINERAL PROPERTIES IN Snohomish County, Washington By W. A. BROUGHTON OLYMPIA STATE PRINTING PLANT 1942 For sale by Depa.rtment of Conservation and Development, Olympia, Washington. Price, 25 Cents. CONTENTS Page Introduct_ion ................................................. 5 Lode mining properties by districts . 7 Darrington Mining District. 7 General features . 7 Mines ............................ :. 7 Prospects . 8 Glacier Peak Mining District. H General features . 11 Prospects ................................. : ......... 11 Granite Falls Mining District. 12 General features . 12 Mines ................. ............................. 13 Prospects ............... ........................... 13 Index Mining District .................................... 13 General features . 13 Mines ....................... , ....................... 14 Prospects ........... ..................... ............ 16 Monte Cristo Mining District. 19 General features . • . 19 Mines ............................................... 20 Prospects . 22 Silver Creek Mining District. 27 General features . 27 Mines ................................................ 28 Prospects . 29 Silverton Mining District ...... .. ........................ 39 General features . 39 Mines ............................................... 39 Prospects . 40 Sultan Mining District. ... 46
    [Show full text]
  • Geology and Ore Deposits of the Sultan Basin, Snohomish County, Washington
    State of Washington MON C. WALLGREN, Governor Department of Conservation and Development ART G ARTON, Director DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY SHELDON L . GLOVER, Supervisor Bulletin No. 36 Geology and Ore Deposits of the Sultan Basin, Snohomish County, Washington By WARD CARITHERS and A. K. GUARD O LYMPIA S TATE PRINTING PLANT 1945 Fo1· sale by Department of Conservation and Development, Olympia, Washingwn. Price 50 cen ts. CONTENTS Page Foreword . ... 5 Introduction . 7 Location and accessibility. 7 Field work and acknowledgments.... ..... ..... ..... ..... ...... 8 Scope of the report. 8 Source of map data. 8 Selected bibUography . 9 Physiography . 9 Topography . 9 Drainage . 10 Climate and vegetation . .. ..... ......... .......................... 10 Glaciation . 11 Geologic formations . 13 Bedded rocks ......... .. ..... ................ ........... ..... 14 Old metamorphic series. .. 14 Conglomerate-argillite series . 15 Quaternary deposits . 18 Igneous rocks . 18 Peridotite . 18 Quartz diorite .. ........... ... .... .. ... ............ 22 Dikes ..... .. .... .. .......... ... .. ... ... ...... .... ... .. 26 Ore deposits . 28 Lode deposits . 28 Origin ... .. .. .... .... ... .. ... ............... .. ...... 28 Structure . 28 Mineralogy . 29 Pa.ragenesis . 33 Stages of m ineralization .. ....... ..... ..... .... ..... ... .. 33 Magmatic segregations . 35 Replacement deposits ........ .... ..... ........................ 36 Placer deposits . 36 Mines and prospects. 36 History and production . 36 WilUamson Creek area .................
    [Show full text]