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Greene, HG, and Clark, JC, 1979, Neogene Paleogeography of The U.S. Department of the Interior Open-File Report 2015−1041 U.S. Geological Survey Sheet 10 of 10 Pamphlet accompanies map 122°55' 122°50' adf Tp Kgr Qmt Qls adf Qls? Qls Qf Qf Qa 123°20 123° Qmt Qf Tp Qmt Qed Qe Qed Tl Qa Tp Qe Tp Qf Qls? Qf Tp Qls Qa Qed Tp Qls Qf Tp Qds Tp Qa Qf Qbs Qls Qe CALIF. Qls adf Qmt Tm Qds Qe adf Tp Tp Qbs Qf Drakes Estero de Tp Qa Qbs Qa Qds MAP LOCATION Qed Tp Estero Limantour Qds Qbs Tl Qedaf Qds Qds Qds Qls Limit of California’s Qbs Tp Qbs Kfs Qf State Waters afem Tsm Tp Qds af Qls? Qed Qa Qms Qls? 38°20' Tp Qoc Qmsd Qmsd Bodega Qmsd Qa Bodega Qmsd Harbor Qmsd Qa Bay Tsc Qms Qmsd Qa Tp Tomales Bay Qmsd Qmsd Qmsc Tm Qmt Qls? San Andreas Fault Zone CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS Qmt Qls Qmsd 10 Qmsd [See Description of Map Units (chapter 8, in pamphlet) for precise unit ages] Qmsd Qf Kgr Inverness Ridge Qmt OFFSHORE GEOLOGIC AND GEOMORPHIC UNITS ONSHORE GEOLOGIC AND GEOMORPHIC UNITS Qmsd Qls Qmsd Tsm U-Ranch Tl Qsr Qms Qmsc Qmsf Qmsd Qmsw af afem adf Qbs Qls? af Qds Qe Qed Qf Qa Qls? Qf Holocene Point Reyes Qf Qls 38° Tsm QUATERNARY Tsc Qmt Qmt Qoc Drakes Bay 0 5 10 Qa Pleistocene Kilometers Nautical Miles Qmt Qoc 0 5 10 Area of Qmt Map Tsm Pliocene Qmt Tsm Tp Tp Qa Tsc Tsc Tsm Tp Tp Qls? Tm Tl Qa Qmt Tm Tu Miocene Qls? TERTIARY Tu Qmt Tsc Qls? Tu Qms Qls? Tpr Paleocene Tu Late 30 Qls? Qa Kgg Kgr Kfs Cretaceous Qmsc Tsm Early CRETACEOUS Tu Tu Qls? Cretaceous Tp Tsm Qls? 38° Qmt 38° Tp Tu Tu Tsc LIST OF MAP UNITS Lobos (Greene and Clark, 1979; Clark and others, 1984; Dickinson and others, 2005). Greene, H.G., and Clark, J.C., 1979, Neogene paleogeography of the Monterey Bay area, Qmsc Qls? The Point Reyes Fault Zone marks the southern boundary of the Point Reyes peninsula. It runs Qms Tu California, in Armentrout, J.M., Cole, M.R., and Ter Best, H., Jr., eds., Cenozoic [See Description of Map Units (chapter 8, in pamphlet) for complete map-unit descriptions] through the offshore part of the map area as a curvilinear reverse fault zone (Hoskins and Griffiths, paleogeography of the western United States: Pacific Coast Paleogeography Symposium 3, p. Point Reyes Tsm 1971; McCulloch, 1987; Heck and others, 1990; Stozek, 2012) that likely connects with the west 277–296. OFFSHORE GEOLOGIC AND GEOMORPHIC UNITS strand of the San Gregorio Fault farther south (Ryan and others, 2008). The Point Reyes Fault Zone Grove, K., Colson, K., Binkin, M., Dull, R., and Garrison, C., 1995, Stratigraphy and structure of headland Tsm Qls? Qsr Marine shelf deposits, rough seafloor (late Holocene)—Irregular “lumps” on is characterized by a 5- to 11-km-wide zone that is associated with two main fault structures: the the Late Pleistocene Olema Creek formation, San Andreas fault zone north of San Francisco, Qmsc Qls seafloor; interpreted as marine debris; possibly related to either one or more Point Reyes Fault, and also a west strand mapped offshore of the Point Reyes peninsula (fig. 1). California, in Sangines, E., Andersen, D., and Buising, A., eds., Recent geologic studies in Qbs Qls Offshore of the Point Reyes headland, granitic basement rocks are offset vertically (north side Tm Qls? shipwrecks or biological “hardgrounds” the San Francisco Bay area: Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM), Pacific Section, Book Qmt up) about 1.4 km on the reverse-slip Point Reyes Fault Zone (McCulloch, 1987); this uplift, Qls? Qls? Qms Marine nearshore and shelf deposits (late Holocene)—Mostly sand; ripples common 76, p. 55–77. Tpr combined with west-side-up offset on the San Andreas Fault Zone (Grove and Niemi, 2005), has Grove, K., and Niemi, T.M., 2005, Late Quaternary deformation and slip rates in the northern San Qmsc Qls Qmsc Coarse-grained marine nearshore and shelf deposits (late Holocene)—Coarse sand, resulted in uplift of the Point Reyes peninsula and the adjacent shelf (both the Bodega Head– Andreas fault zone at Olema Valley, Marin County, California: Tectonophysics, v. 401, p. Tm gravel, and cobbles Tomales Point shelf, north of the map area, and the Bolinas shelf; see sheet 9). Late Pleistocene 231–250, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2005.03.014. 40 Qbs Tsm uplift of marine terraces on the southern Point Reyes peninsula suggests active deformation of Kgg Qmsd Tm Millers Point Qmsf Fine-grained marine shelf deposits (late Holocene)—Mostly mud to muddy sand Grove, K., Sklar, L.S., Scherer, A.M., Lee, G., and Davis, J., 2010, Accelerating and spatially- Qmt offshore structures west of the San Andreas Fault Zone (Grove and others, 2010). Offshore of varying crustal uplift and its geomorphic expression, San Andreas Fault zone north of San Qmsd Qmsf Double Point, the Point Reyes Fault is associated with the warping and folding of Neogene strata, Francisco, California: Tectonophysics, v. 495, p. 256–268, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2010.09.034. Qmsw Qmsd Qmsd Marine shelf scour depressions (late Holocene)—Inferred to be coarse sand and Tsm gravel, in low-relief scours which is visible on high-resolution seismic-reflection data (see figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 on sheet 8). Although Hallenbeck, T.R., Kvitek, R.G., and Lindholm, J., 2012, Rippled scour depressions add Kgg Qmsd the post-Miocene slip rate on the Point Reyes Fault Zone in the map area is poorly constrained, it is ecologically significant heterogeneity to soft-bottom habitats on the continental shelf: Marine Tsm Qmsw Marine sediment wave deposits (late Holocene)—Predominantly sand; formed by Qmsd strong tidal currents that flow around Point Reyes headland and into Drakes Bay estimated to be 0.3 mm/yr on the basis of vertical offset of granitic basement rocks (McCulloch, Ecology Progress Series, v. 468, p. 119–133, doi:10.3354/meps09948. 1987; Wills and others, 2008). Qms Qmsd Tp Purisima Formation (Pliocene and late Miocene)—Siltstone interbedded with Heck, R.G., Edwards, E.B., Kronen, J.D., Jr., and Willingham, C.R., 1990, Petroleum potential of Kgg Qms Qmsd Tm mudstone and sandstone; locally contains diatomite Granitic basement rocks of the Salinian block are exposed onland along Inverness Ridge (unit the offshore outer Santa Cruz and Bodega basins, California, in Garrison, R.E., Greene, H.G., Kgr) and west of the map area on the Point Reyes headland (mapped as unit “Kgg” in the adjacent Hicks, K.R., Weber, G.E., and Wright, T.L., eds. Geology and tectonics of the central Qmsd Qmsd Tsc Santa Cruz Mudstone (late Miocene)—Thin- to thick-bedded siliceous mudstone that Qmsd Offshore of Point Reyes map area). Unit Kgg also is exposed offshore in the northwestern part of California coastal region, San Francisco to Monterey: American Association of Petroleum Qmsc Qmsd has carbonate concretions Tm Monterey Formation (late and middle Miocene)—Marine, thin-bedded chert, this (Drakes Bay and Vicinity) map area. The granitic rocks are mapped offshore on the basis of Geologists, Pacific Section, Bulletin GB67, p. 143–164. Kgg Qmsd Tsc their massive, bulbous texture and extensive fracturing seen in multibeam imagery (see sheet 2), as Hoskins, E.G., and Griffiths, J.R., 1971, Hydrocarbon potential of northern and central California Tm Qls porcelanite, shale, and sandstone Tm well as their high backscatter (see sheet 3). Much of the inner shelf is underlain by Neogene marine offshore: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 15, p. 212–228. Qmsd Tu Sedimentary rocks, undivided (late and middle Miocene)—May consist of the Santa 10 Qls Tsc sedimentary rocks that form the core of the Point Reyes Syncline (Weaver, 1949). These rocks McCulloch, D.S., 1987, Regional geology and hydrocarbon potential of offshore Central Qms Cruz Mudstone (unit ), the Santa Margarita Sandstone (mapped onland as unit 50 Tsm), and the Monterey Formation (unit Tm) include the upper Miocene Santa Margarita Formation (in the offshore, mapped as part of the California, in Scholl, D.W., Grantz, A., and Vedder, J.G., eds., Geology and resource potential Kgg undivided sedimentary rocks unit [Tu]); the middle and upper Miocene Monterey Formation (unit of the continental margin of western North America and adjacent ocean basins—Beaufort Sea Tu Kgg Point Reyes Granodiorite, porphyritic facies (Late Cretaceous)—Contains Tu Tu potassium-feldspar phenocrysts that average 2 to 3 cm in length (maximum, 5 cm) Tm); the upper Miocene Santa Cruz Mudstone (unit Tsc); and the upper Miocene and Pliocene to Baja California: Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, Earth Science Purisima Formation (unit Tp). At Millers Point, the Monterey Formation, which is exposed both Series, v. 6, p. 353–401. Tu Qls Qsr ONSHORE GEOLOGIC AND GEOMORPHIC UNITS onshore and on the seafloor in the nearshore, is highly fractured, making bedding planes difficult to Murray, B., and Thieler, E.R., 2004, A new hypothesis and exploratory model for the formation of Qsr Tu identify. Seafloor exposures of the younger units (the Santa Cruz Mudstone [Tsc] and the Purisima large-scale inner-shelf sediment sorting and “rippled scour depressions”: Continental Shelf Qms Tu [Bedrock units compiled from Clark and Brabb (1997), Blake and others (2000), and Wagner and Formation [Tp]) are characterized by thin to very thick bedding that commonly is gently folded and Research, v. 24, no. 3, p. 295–315, doi:10.1016/j.csr.2003.11.001. Gutierrez (2010); unit ages, which are from these sources, reflect local stratigraphic relations.
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