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Evaluation of the Properties of Rubberized Asphalt Binders and Mixtures Kazem Jadidirendi University of Nevada, Las Vegas, [email protected]

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Evaluation of the Properties of Rubberized Asphalt Binders and Mixtures Kazem Jadidirendi University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Kazem.Jadidi@Unlv.Edu UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones August 2017 Evaluation of the Properties of Rubberized Asphalt Binders and Mixtures Kazem Jadidirendi University of Nevada, Las Vegas, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations Part of the Civil Engineering Commons Repository Citation Jadidirendi, Kazem, "Evaluation of the Properties of Rubberized Asphalt Binders and Mixtures" (2017). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 3081. https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/3081 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Scholarship@UNLV. It has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EVALUATION OF THE PROPERTIES OF RUBBERIZED ASPHALT BINDERS AND MIXTURES By Kazem Jadidiredindi Bachelor of Science Iran University of Science and Technology 2002 Masters of Science Iran University of Science and Technology 2009 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment Of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy – Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Howard R. Hughes College of Engineering The Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas August 2017 Copyright by Kazem Jadidirendi, 2017 All Rights Reserved Dissertation Approval The Graduate College The University of Nevada, Las Vegas June 21, 2017 This dissertation prepared by Kazem Jadidiredindi entitled Evaluation of the Properties of Rubberized Asphalt Binders and Mixtures is approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy – Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Moses Karakouzian, Ph.D. Kathryn Hausbeck Korgan, Ph.D. Examination Committee Co-Chair Graduate College Interim Dean Hualiang Teng, Ph.D. Examination Committee Co-Chair Mohamed Kaseko, Ph.D. Examination Committee Member Jin Ouk Choi, Ph.D. Examination Committee Member Ashok Singh, Ph.D. Graduate College Faculty Representative ii Abstract Rubber modified binder samples are tested and evaluated based on SHRP requirements. Best rubber content is suggested for modifying binder. Rubber modified asphalt mixtures were manufactured and tested. Based on Hveem stability and volumetric properties of asphalt mixtures, optimum binder content is evaluated and reported. Performance properties of asphalt mixtures made with various rubber size and method were analyzed and compared. An ultrasound measurement performed on asphalt mixture samples and the results were analyzed. It is discovered that rubber improves asphalt viscosity and resistance to rutting deformation. Rubber also increases asphalt’s dynamic modulus. iv Acknowledgments I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my adviser Dr. Moses Karakouzian who not just was my adviser but one of my best friends for last four years. I was very fortunate to have him as my adviser. He was helpful anytime I had any problem. His support was not limited to academic issues. I have to thank him for supporting me during the period of research, writing and preparing my dissertation. I am very glad for having Dr. Serji Amirkhanian and Dr. Mehdi Khalili as part of this research. Their immense knowledge helped me in preparing this dissertation. I appreciate your kind advice and help. I have to thank all committee members, Dr. Hualiang Teng, Dr. Ashok Singh, Dr. Mohamed Kaseko and Dr. Jin Ouk Choi. v Table of Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgments........................................................................................................................... v Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................... vi List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. xi List of Figures ............................................................................................................................... xii Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Problem Statement ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Objective .................................................................................................................................. 2 1.3. Background .............................................................................................................................. 4 1.4. Rubberized asphalt, materials and properties .......................................................................... 5 1.4.1. CRM Binder .................................................................................................................. 5 1.4.2. Tire Composition ........................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 2 Literature Review ........................................................................................................... 7 2.1. Binder Properties ..................................................................................................................... 9 2.1.1. Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) ............................................................. 9 2.1.2. Performance Grade (PG) ............................................................................................... 9 2.1.3. Viscosity ...................................................................................................................... 11 vi 2.1.4. Bending Beam Rheometer ........................................................................................... 12 2.1.5. Direct Tension Test ..................................................................................................... 13 2.1.6. Direct Shear Rheometer .............................................................................................. 14 2.1.7. Ductility ....................................................................................................................... 15 2.1.8. Flash Point ................................................................................................................... 15 2.1.9. Rolling Thin Film Oven State (RTFO) ....................................................................... 16 2.1.10. Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV) ................................................................................... 16 2.1.11. Toughness and Tenacity ............................................................................................ 19 2.2. Grinding Process and its Influence and CRM Asphalt .......................................................... 20 2.3. Optimum Rubber Content ...................................................................................................... 22 2.4. Asphalt Mix Types ................................................................................................................. 24 2.5. Density or Specific Gravity ................................................................................................... 25 2.6. Void related parameters ......................................................................................................... 26 2.6.1. Air Voids (Va) ............................................................................................................. 26 2.6.2. Voids in the Mineral Aggregates (VMA) .................................................................... 27 2.6.3. Voids Filled with Air (VFA) ....................................................................................... 28 2.7. Asphalt Mix Design ............................................................................................................... 29 2.7.1. Hveem Mix Design ...................................................................................................... 29 2.7.2. Aggregate .................................................................................................................... 30 2.7.3. Marshal Mix Design .................................................................................................... 30 vii 2.7.4. Superpave Mix Design ................................................................................................ 31 2.8. Objectives of mix design ....................................................................................................... 32 2.9. Rubber Modified Asphalt Mix ............................................................................................... 32 2.10. Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) .......................................................................................... 38 2.11. Ultrasound Testing ............................................................................................................... 38 2.11.1. Wave Properties ......................................................................................................... 39 2.11.2. Wave Velocity ..........................................................................................................
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