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SPRING/SUMMER 2019 General the Marquis De Lafayette, Unknown American Artist After Ary Schefer, N.D MARYLAND Hisorical Magazine SPRING/SUMMER 2019 General the Marquis De Lafayette, unknown American artist after Ary Schefer, n.d. Maryland Historical Society, Bequest of Marcus L. Dudley in memory of George U. Porter, 1901.2.2 COMING IN 2020 THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY IS PLEASED TO ANNOUNCE ITS FORTHCOMING PUBLICATION: A Patriarch and His Family in the Early Republic: Te Papers of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, 1782-1832 Ronald Hofman, Editor-in-Chief, and Mary C. Jeske and Sally D. Mason, Editors Tese for annotated volmes conclude the seven-volume edition of the Papers of Charles Carroll of Carrollton inaugurated by the publication of Dear Papa, Dear Charley: Te Peregrinations of a Revolutionary Aristocrat in 2001. Te post-Revolutionary Carroll story commences in midsummer 172, after the death of the Signer’s beloved “Papa,” and ends in November 132, with his demise, the young Republic’s last human link with the ffty-six men whose signatures had launched it in 1776. Te documents selected for publication chronicle both the public trajectory of a patriarch seeking to thrive in a world made by a revolution he helped bring about and the private lives of a family trying to get its bearings and claim its place in an exciting and challenging new universe that eventually stretched beyond Maryland and the new United States to encompass Europe and Regency England. Maryland Historical Society Founded 1844 Ofcers Louise Lake Hayman, Chair Timothy Chase, Vice Chair Clinton R. Daly, First Vice Chair James W. Constable, Vice Chair Mark B. Letzer, President & CEO Page Nelson Lyon, Vice Chair Robert Hopkins, Treasurer Richard C. Tilghman, Jr., Vice Chair Lynn Springer Roberts, Secretary Trustees John Banes Julie Madden Chairpersons Emeriti Justin A. Batof Tomas H. Maddux, IV Tomas A. Collier Richard Bell Eleanor Shriver Magee Jack S. Griswold Tomas M. Brandt, Jr. Charles W. Mitchell Barbara P. Katz Andrew Brooks Keifer Mitchell Stanard T. Klinefelter Eleanor M. Carey Neal Naf Robert R. Neall Chandler B. Denison Robert W. Schoeberlein Henry Hodges Stansbury William M. Gore Henriette Taylor Henry H. Hopkins William C. Whitridge, Jr. Presidents Emeriti M. Willis Macgill Ryan Yu Alex. G. Fisher John McShane Brian Topping Ex-Ofcio Trustees Te Honorable John P. Sarbanes Te Honorable Bernard C. “Jack” Young Druscilla Null, Maryland Genealogical Society Advisory Council Tomas A. Collier Fran Minakowski Sandra R. Flax George S. Rich Patricia K. Jackson Jacqueline Smelkinson Barbara P. Katz Henry Hodges Stansbury Stanard T. Klinefelter Mary Baily Wieler Te Maryland Historical Magazine Martina Kado, Ph.D., Editor Katie Caljean, Micah Connor, Sandra Glascock, Dan Goodrich, Mallory Herberger, Alexander H. Lothstein, Catherine Mayfeld, Jennifer Michael, Francis O’Neill, Jack Tilghman, Allison Tolman, Joe Tropea, Contributing MdHS staf Publications Committee John S. Bainbridge, Jean H. Baker, Robert J. Brugger, Suzanne E. Chapelle, Vivian Fisher, Elizabeth Kelly Gray, Peter B. Levy, Edward C. Papenfuse, Lawrence Peskin, Jean B. Russo, James F. Schneider, Robert W. Schoeberlein, William C. Trimble, Jr. ISSN 0025-4258 © 2019 by the Maryland Historical Society. Published biannually as a beneft of membership in the Maryland Historical Society, spring/summer and fall/winter. Articles appearing in this journal are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts and/or America: History and Life. Periodicals postage paid at Baltimore, Maryland, and at additional mailing ofces. Postmaster: Please send address changes to the Maryland Historical Society, 201 West Monument Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. Designed by James F. Brisson. Printed by Te Sheridan Press, Hanover, Pennsylvania 17331. MARYLAND Historical Magazine VOLUME 114, NO. 1 (Spring/Summer 2019) CONTENTS From the Editor .......................................................................................................5 “One Letter or a Million”: Te Redding Sisters and H. L. Mencken .................................................................. TRACY MATTHEW MELTON Letters to a Marquis: New Documentary Findings in the Correspondence of Eliza Eichelberger Ridgely of Hampton and the Marquis de Lafayette .................................................................................43 BASIL CONSIDINE Harry Dorsey Gough and Agricultural Improvement in Maryland, 1774–10.......................................................................................... BENJAMIN HUDSON Book Reviews........................................................................................................105 Silber, Tis War Ain’t Over: Fighting the Civil War in New Deal America, by Jean H. Baker..........................................................................................................................105 Taylor, Cork Wars: Intrigue and Industry in World War II, by Peter B. Levy....................................10 Schweninger, Appealing for Liberty: Freedom Suits in the South, by Edward C. Papenfuse ..............................................................................................................108 Jones, Birthright Citizens: A History of Race and Rights in Antebellum America, by Edward C. Papenfuse .............................................................................................................. 112 Chapelle, Russo, et al., Maryland: A History, second edition, by Charles W. Mitchell..................... 114 Fitzgerald, Te Struggle is Eternal: Gloria Richardson and Black Liberation, by Suzanne E. Chapelle................................................................................................................ 116 Osborne-McKnight, Te Story We Carry In Our Bones: Irish History for Americans, by Caoimhín De Barra................................................................................................................. 118 Calloway, Te Indian World of George Washington: Te First President, the First Americans, and the Birth of the Nation, by Alexander H. Lothstein .................................. 11 Foner, Te Second Founding: How the Civil War and Reconstruction Remade the Constitution, by Peter Sicher....................................................................................... 121 Maryland History Bibliography, 201: A Selected List ...........................................123 Compiled by ANNE S. K. TURKOS and ELIZABETH CARINGOLA cover: Eliza Eichelberger Ridgely, George L. Saunders, c.140. With the portrait faded over time, Eliza’s hair appears deceptively lighter than it would have been originally. Image courtesy of Hampton National Historic Site, National Park Service, HAMP 419 inside cover: General the Marquis De Lafayette, unknown American artist after Ary Schefer, n.d. Maryland Historical Society, Bequest of Marcus L. Dudley in memory of George U. Porter, 1901.2.2 From the Editor: MARTINA KADO, Ph.D. Dear readers, t is a disTinct pleasre to present this issue of the Maryland Historical Maga- zine: it has been an honor to take over as editor, and this the frst issue I curated Ifrom beginning to end. Te articles featured here have several things in common. Tey ofer insight into the lives of people whom we have come to know as important historical fgures in parallel with the often-invisible work of others who enabled them to achieve this status. Secondly, much of the research that informs the articles and images accompanying them came from the rich collections of the museum and H. Furlong Baldwin Library at the Maryland Historical Society. Finally, all three article authors reside outside Maryland, testifying to the relevance and reach of Maryland history on a national, as well as transatlantic level. Most of our long-term readers will be familiar with the work of Tracy Matthew Melton. He is the author of Hanging Henry Gambrill, published by the Maryland Historical Society in 2005, and has been a contributor to the Maryland Historical Magazine since 2004. His “One Letter or a Million” ofers an in-depth account of the life and work of Margaret and Rosalind Redding, Baltimore-born sisters who worked as stenographers and typists for H. L. Mencken for over thirty years. Examining what it means to be a female entrepreneur with creative aspirations in a male-dominated publishing world, Mr. Melton’s article also unpacks Mencken’s literary stature as depen- dent upon the meticulous work of the Redding sisters on his letters and manuscripts. As a precursor, readers might want to consult Mr. Melton’s “Michael J. Redding and Irish-American Patriotism,” which discusses the Redding family background and activ- ism of the sisters’ father, published in the Maryland Historical Magazine’s vol. 107, no. 3 (Fall 2012). To complement their reading, our audience can visit the newly reopened Mencken House and Museum at 1524 Hollins Street in Baltimore, where the Maryland Historical Society has just returned over one hundred Mencken-related objects that were in its care for years. Tese include the writer’s desk, chair, and two typewriters, a Masonic Sword belonging to his brother August Mencken, a set of mounted elephant tusks, paintings, and many personal photographs. Back in 1957, the Maryland Historical Magazine published the text of ten letters written by the Marquis de Lafayette to Eliza Eichelberger Ridgely of Hampton (vol. 52, no. 3). Featured in this issue, Basil Considine’s “Letters to a Marquis” revisits this remarkable decade-long transatlantic friendship by presenting the text of three newly 5 identifed letters written by the third mistress of Hampton
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