DOCSLIB.ORG

ABSTRACT MA, XIAOLONG. Microstructures and Mechanical

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ABSTRACT MA, XIAOLONG. Microstructures and Mechanical ABSTRACT MA, XIAOLONG. Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Cu and Cu-Zn Alloys. (Under the direction of Professor Yuntian Zhu and Professor Jagdish Narayan) Strength and ductility are two crucial mechanical properties of structural materials, which, unfortunately, are often mutually exclusive based on the conventional design of microstructures and their deformation physics. This is also true in most nanostructured (NS) metals and alloys although they exhibit record-high strength. However, the disappointingly inadequate ductility becomes the major roadblock to their practical utilities due to the threat of catastrophic failure in load-bearing applications. Therefore, simultaneous improvement of strength and ductility or a well-defined trade-off between these two properties, i.e. increasing either of them without significant loss of the other, in NS materials has garnered extensive efforts from the research community. A few strategies have been explored to handle this long-standing challenge with promise. In this dissertation work, two of those strategies, deformation twins and laminate/gradient structures are specified with particular interests in NS Cu and Cu-Zn alloys. The author believes the observation and the revealed underlying mechanism are fundamental and therefore shed lights on their universal application to other metallic material systems. Deformation twins have been frequently observed in ultra-fined grained (UFG) and NS face-centered cubic (FCC) metals and alloys, which is closely related to the better strengthening and strain hardening in mechanical performance. Previous findings even show that there exist an optimum grain size range within nano scale, where the deformation twins are of most frequency, i.e. most stable in pure FCC metals. However, such grain-size dependent twinning phenomenon is still unclear in FCC alloys. We report, for the first time in systematic experiments, the observed optimum grain sizes for deformation twins in NS Cu–Zn alloys slightly increase with increasing Zn content. Our results indicate that alloying changes the relationship between the stacking-fault and twin-fault energy and therefore affects the optimum grain size for deformation twinning. Another interesting finding in contrast to the conventional thoughts is the macroscopic strain status of the deformation twins. These two issues are of both scientific and practical importance in microstructure design and fabrication in NS alloys. Laminate/gradient is another recently developed strategy, which may hold the promise to improve mechanical properties of metallic materials. We produced a laminate structure with a NS Cu-10Zn layer sandwiched between two coarse-grained (CG) Cu layers, where the collective tensile ductility and strain hardening are observed higher than prediction by the rule-of-mixture. The primary results from this sandwich also inspired the next idea of multi-layered NS Cu-10Zn and CG Cu, which is anticipated to have superior strength and ductility since it has more heterogeneous interfaces. Simultaneous improvement of strength and ductility in samples with decreasing interface spacing is found in these laminates. More importantly, it’s also observed that each interface generates extra geometrically necessary dislocations in the vicinity of itself with a most affected zone spanning a few micrometers. This is not affected by the interface spacing and implies an optimum laminate design for best back stress hardening capacity and ductility. Our results shed lights into the architectural design and fundamental deformation studies of materials with laminate/gradient structures. © Copyright 2016 by Xiaolong Ma All Rights Reserved Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Cu and Cu-Zn Alloys by Xiaolong Ma A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Materials Science and Engineering Raleigh, North Carolina 2016 APPROVED BY: _______________________________ _______________________________ Dr. Yuntian Zhu Dr. Jagdish Narayan Co-Chair of the Advisory Committee Co-Chair of the Advisory Commitee _______________________________ _______________________________ Dr. Carl C. Koch Dr. Ronald O. Scattergood _______________________________ Dr. Suveen N. Mathaudhu ii DEDICATION To my beloved parents Jielin & Meilan I appreciate to have you in my lif iii BIOGRAPHY Xiaolong Ma was born on May 19th, 1988 to Mr. Jielin Ma and Mrs. Meilan Yao in Nantong, a charming coastal city in China. Inspired by his primary and middle school teachers, Xiaolong was gradually absorbed into studying science and discovering the unknown in nature. In Aug. 2007, He was enrolled into Zhejiang University, a beautiful and high-ranking university in Hangzhou, China. During the undergraduate period, Xiaolong enjoyed the immense knowledge and the profound friendship, which would be both lifelong. Eventually in Jun. 2011, he achieved the Chu Kochen honors bachelor degree, majoring in Materials Science and Engineering. Later on, Xiaolong continued his journey in materials science at North Carolina State University. Under the direction of Professor Yuntian Zhu, he was dedicated to investigating the advanced microstructures in metallic materials and their relationship with mechanical properties. He received his Ph.D degree in Materials Science and Engineering in March 2016. On the route to his Ph.D, Xiaolong also pursued a master degree in Statistics, which broadened his perspectives of understanding science and the world. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor Professor Yuntian Zhu and Professor Jagdish Narayan for their patient guidance and continuous encourage whenever I met with difficulties or setbacks during the journey to my Ph.D. Their undiminished passion for science and meticulous scholarship set an example to me of doing good research during past five year and will, definitely, benefit me for the whole life. Many thanks go to Professor Suveen Mathaudhu for his insightful ideas, enlightening discussions and friendly encouragements throughout my graduate study. I’m also grateful to Professor Ronald O. Scattergood and Professor Carl C. Koch for their serving on my committee as well as their tremendous facilitation of instrument use and constructive comments on my work all along the way. I wish to appreciate Dr. Weiwei Jian and Dr. Weizong Xu for their patient guidance and unending help in sample preparation, electron microscopy and image analysis during my research. I’m also grateful to Professor Chongxiang Huang for his kind supervision, informative discussions and delightful collaboration during his one-year visit to Raleigh. I’d like to thank Dr. Heinz Werner Höppel and his group members in Germany for their kind collaboration in fabricating laminate samples for our researches. I’d like also express my thanks to Professor Douglas Irving and Professor Thom LaBean. Working as a teaching assistant with them during my first year was a treasurable experience for me. Teaching and learning could promote each other and I did learn much from that teaching process. v I also would like to acknowledge the use of the Analytical Instrumental Facility (AIF) in North Carolina State University. Many thanks should be delivered to Dale Bachelor, Roberto Garcia, Dr. Yi Liu, Dr. Yang Liu and Dr. Xiahan Sang for offering the strongest maintenance service and excellent training programs, which made numerous research projects, including mine, possible and full of technical support. A special thank-you goes to Roger Russell, Joe Matthews and Toby Tune for their generous assistance in all needs now and then. I also appreciate Edna Deas for her enduring assistance whenever needed. I wish to thank all the members of my research group who made my life in Raleigh more enjoyable: Dr. Guangming Cheng, Dr. Xin Wang, Dr. Orm Piyawit, Dr. Fan Wu, Dr. Hao Zhou, Professor Xinkun Zhu, Dr. Dan Song, Jordan Moering, Liwen Zhang, Haotian Deng, Hao Yuan, Xiaotian Fang, Duo Xu, Silu Liu, George Crego, David Ho, Yingying Yu. I wish to thank all my friends inside and outside campus for bringing me so rich memories during my graduate life. Last but not least, I dedicate this thesis to my beloved parents: Mr. Jielin Ma and Mrs. Meilan Yao, for their unconditional understanding, long-lasting support and forever love. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................ IX LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................... X CHAPTER 1 ............................................................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER 2 ............................................................................................................................ 5 2.1 Bulk Nanostructured Materials ....................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Mechanical properties of nanostructured materials ..................................................... 7 2.1.2 Deformation mechanism of nanostructured materials ............................................... 10 2.1.3 New strategies for better tensile ductility of nanostructured materials ...................... 18 2.2. Deformation twinning in nanostructured materials ................................................... 22 2.2.1 Basics of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Effect of Shear Rate on the Orientation and Relaxation of a Vanillic Acid Based Liquid Crystalline Polymer
    polymers Article Effect of Shear Rate on the Orientation and Relaxation of a Vanillic Acid Based Liquid Crystalline Polymer Gijs W. de Kort 1, Nils Leoné 1, Eric Stellamanns 2, Dietmar Auhl 3,*, Carolus H. R. M. Wilsens 1,* ID and Sanjay Rastogi 1 1 Aachen-Maastricht Institute of Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands; [email protected] (G.W.d.K.); [email protected] (N.L.); [email protected] (S.R.) 2 Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany; [email protected] 3 Technische Universität Berlin; Fachgebiet Polymertechnik/Polymerphysik, Sekr. PTK Fasanenstr. 90, 10623 Berlin, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] (D.A.); [email protected] (C.H.R.M.W.) Received: 27 July 2018; Accepted: 17 August 2018; Published: 22 August 2018 Abstract: In this study, we report on the visco-elastic response during start-up and cessation of shear of a novel bio-based liquid crystal polymer. The ensuing morphological changes are analyzed at different length scales by in-situ polarized optical microscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. Upon inception of shear, the polydomain texture is initially stretched, at larger strain break up processes become increasingly important, and eventually a steady state texture is obtained. The shear stress response showed good coherence between optical and rheo-X-ray data. The evolution of the orientation parameter coincides with the evolution of the texture: the order parameter increases as the texture stretches, drops slightly in the break up regime, and reaches a constant value in the plateau regime.
    [Show full text]
  • Rheology of Polyhydroxyalkanoates: a Study of a Class of "Green" Polymers
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Supervised Undergraduate Student Research Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects and Creative Work Spring 5-2005 Rheology of Polyhydroxyalkanoates: A Study of a Class of "Green" Polymers Kari Elizabeth Tjader University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj Recommended Citation Tjader, Kari Elizabeth, "Rheology of Polyhydroxyalkanoates: A Study of a Class of "Green" Polymers" (2005). Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj/922 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Supervised Undergraduate Student Research and Creative Work at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Rheology of Polyhydroxyalkanoates: A Study of a Class of "Green" Polymers Senior Honors Project Kari Elizabeth Tjader Chemical Engineering Spring 2005 Faculty Mentor: Dr. Simioan Petrovan Department of Chemical Engineering This research was accomplished in conjunction with chemical engineering 410, a senior special-topics laboratory class, with partner Mary Airhart. ii Table of Contents List of Figures .............................................................................................................. .iii Summary ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Stress Overshoot Phenomenon Upon Startup Deformation of Entangled Linear Polymeric Liquids Yangyang Wang University of Akron Main Campus
    The University of Akron IdeaExchange@UAkron College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering 12-2009 Exploring Stress Overshoot Phenomenon Upon Startup Deformation of Entangled Linear Polymeric Liquids Yangyang Wang University of Akron Main Campus Shi-Qing Wang University of Akron Main Campus, [email protected] Please take a moment to share how this work helps you through this survey. Your feedback will be important as we plan further development of our repository. Follow this and additional works at: http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/polymer_ideas Part of the Polymer Science Commons Recommended Citation Wang, Yangyang and Wang, Shi-Qing, "Exploring Stress Overshoot Phenomenon Upon Startup Deformation of Entangled Linear Polymeric Liquids" (2009). College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering. 95. http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/polymer_ideas/95 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by IdeaExchange@UAkron, the institutional repository of The nivU ersity of Akron in Akron, Ohio, USA. It has been accepted for inclusion in College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering by an authorized administrator of IdeaExchange@UAkron. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Exploring stress overshoot phenomenon upon startup deformation of entangled linear polymeric liquids Yangyang Wang and Shi-Qing Wanga) Department of Polymer Science and Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325 (Received 6 April 2009; final revision received 25 July 2009͒ Synopsis This work explores the picture associated with stress overshoot during sudden continual ͑i.e., startup͒ external deformation of entangled polymeric liquids and proposes a specific scaling form to depict the intermolecular interactions responsible for chain deformation.
    [Show full text]
  • A Correlation Between Velocity Profile and Molecular Weight Distribution in Sheared Entangled Polymer Solutions Pouyan E
    The University of Akron IdeaExchange@UAkron College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering 4-2007 A Correlation Between Velocity Profile and Molecular Weight Distribution in Sheared Entangled Polymer Solutions Pouyan E. Boukany University of Akron Main Campus Shi-Qing Wang University of Akron Main Campus, [email protected] Please take a moment to share how this work helps you through this survey. Your feedback will be important as we plan further development of our repository. Follow this and additional works at: http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/polymer_ideas Part of the Polymer Science Commons Recommended Citation Boukany, Pouyan E. and Wang, Shi-Qing, "A Correlation Between Velocity Profile and Molecular Weight Distribution in Sheared Entangled Polymer Solutions" (2007). College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering. 92. http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/polymer_ideas/92 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by IdeaExchange@UAkron, the institutional repository of The nivU ersity of Akron in Akron, Ohio, USA. It has been accepted for inclusion in College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering by an authorized administrator of IdeaExchange@UAkron. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. A correlation between velocity profile and molecular weight distribution in sheared entangled polymer solutions Pouyan E. Boukany and Shi-Qing Wanga) Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325 (Received 10 May 2006; final revision received 28 November 2006͒ Synopsis In this work we attempt to answer several questions concerning the flow characteristics of entangled polymer solutions in a sliding plate shearing cell. We explore ͑a͒ how the molecular weight distribution affects the velocity profile in simple shear, ͑b͒ whether the observed shear banding is consistent with a nonmonotonic constitutive model, ͑c͒ whether the flow response and velocity profiles are different in simple shear depending on the different modes of shear.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Steady-State Flow and Yielding Behaviour of Lubricating Greases
    fluids Article On the Steady-State Flow and Yielding Behaviour of Lubricating Greases Miguel A. Delgado *, Sebastien Secouard, Concepción Valencia and José M. Franco * Pro2TecS-Chemical Process and Product Technology Research Center, Universidad de Huelva, Campus El Carmen, 21071 Huelva, Spain; [email protected] (S.S.); [email protected] (C.V.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.A.D.); [email protected] (J.M.F.); Tel.: +34-959-219-865 (M.A.D.); +34-959-219-995 (J.M.F.) Received: 6 December 2018; Accepted: 4 January 2019; Published: 9 January 2019 Abstract: Practical steady-state flow curves were obtained from different rheological tests and protocols for five lubricating greases, containing thickeners of a rather different nature, i.e., aluminum complex, lithium, lithium complex, and calcium complex soaps and polyurea. The experimental results demonstrated the difficulty to reach “real” steady-state flow conditions for these colloidal suspensions as a consequence of the strong time dependence and marked yielding behavior in a wide range of shear rates, resulting in flow instabilities such as shear banding and fracture. In order to better understand these phenomena, transient flow experiments, at constant shear rates, and creep tests, at constant shear stresses, were also carried out using controlled-strain and controlled-stress rheometers, respectively. The main objective of this work was to study the steady-state flow behaviour of lubricating greases, analyzing how the microstructural characteristics may affect the yielding flow behaviour. Keywords: lubricating grease; rheology; steady-state and transient flow; microstructure 1. Introduction Lubricating greases are generally highly structured suspensions consisting of a thickener, usually a metal soap such as lithium, calcium, sodium, barium, or aluminum, dispersed in mineral or synthetic oils.
    [Show full text]
  • RHEOLOGY BULLETIN Published by the Society of Rheology
    AIP NIELS BOHR LIBRARY RHEOLOGY BULLETIN Published by The Society of Rheology Vol. 68 No. 1 January 1999 THE SOCIETY OF RHEOLOGY 71st ANNUAL MEETING EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE - 1997-99 MADISON, WI OCTOBER 17 - 21,1999 President Ronald G. Larson Vice President Gerald G. Fuller The 1999 annual meeting of the Society of Rheology will Secretary Andrew M. Kraynik be held at the Monona Terrace Convention Center in Madison, Treasurer Montgomery T. Shaw Wisconsin. The meeting organizers are: Editor Morton M. Dcnn Past President Kurt F. Wissbrun Technical Program Chairs: Members-at-Large Donald G. Baird Paula Moldenaers Robert C. Armstrong Department of Chemical Engineering COMMITTEES Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139 Membership-. Education: (617)253-4581; Fax: (617) 258-8992 W.E. VanArsdale, chair S.J. Muller, chair e-mail: [email protected] M.E. Mackay D.G. Baird L.E. Wedgewood PE. Clark Daniel J. Klingenberg C.C. White E.A. Collins Department of Chemical Engineering W.M. Prest University of Wisconsin W.E. VanArsdale Madison, WI 53706 R. Webber (608) 262-8932; Fax: (608)262-5434 e-mail: [email protected] Meetings Policy: Bingham Award: R.G. Larson, chair A. Chow, chair Local Arrangements Chair. G.G. Fuller G.C. Berry A.J. Giacomin D.F. James A. Jeffrey Giacomin A.M. Kraynik A.J. McHugh Rheology Research Center R.L. Powell W.M. Prest, Jr. University of Wisconsin Madison, WI 53706 Nominating: (608) 262-7473; Fax: (608) 265-2316 R.C. Armstrong, chair e-mail: [email protected] J.F. Brady R. Secor INSTRUMENT EXHIBIT Several companies will exhibit rheological instrumentation at the annual meeting.
    [Show full text]
  • Creep Deformation of Ice
    Annual Reviews www.annualreviews.org/aronline Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 1983. 11:215-240 Copyri#ht © 1983 by Annual Reviews Inc. All riohts reserved CREEP DEFORMATION OF ICE Johannes Weertman Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Geological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201 INTRODUCTION Knowledgeof the creep properties of ice often is needed in field and theoretical studies of the flow and deformationof glaciers, ice shelves, and ice sheets. Recently manyof the icy moonsin the solar system have become muchbetter knownas a result of the successful deep-space probe missions. An understanding of the physical processes that take place within them requires information about the plastic deformation behavior of ice. Unlike ice within glaciers and ice sheets, the crystal structure of ice deep within an icy satellite maybe one of the high-pressure polymorphsrather than that of the morefamiliar hexagonalice Ih. At the present time,’there exists a great deal of creep data on ordinary ice Ih but very little on other forms of ice. The aim of this article is to present our basic knowledgeon the creep properties of ice. This includes information derived from laboratory experiments as well as gleaned from field measurementsmade on glaciers, ice sheets, and ice shelves. Noattempt is madehere to review in a complete mannerall the literature on this subject. However,new results from recent papers on ice creep that are not covered in earlier and more complete reviews are included. The reader is referred to the reviews of Hooke(1981 by NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY - Evanston Campus on 01/31/08.
    [Show full text]
  • Contents of Campusâ
    Contents of CAMPUSâ Content © Copyright CWFG, Frankfurt, 2020 â Registered Trademark, CWFG, Frankfurt, 2020 Contents of CAMPUS Contents of CAMPUSâ 1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES ......................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 BASIS OF CAMPUS ................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 SCOPE OF THIS DOCUMENT ......................................................................................................................................... 5 1.3 SPECIMEN CONDITIONING ........................................................................................................................................... 5 1.3.1 Humidity Insensitive Materials .................................................................................................................... 5 1.3.2 Humidity Sensitive Materials ...................................................................................................................... 6 1.3.3 Ageing of Test Specimens ............................................................................................................................ 8 1.4 TEST ATMOSPHERE .................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.4.1 Principles ....................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • MECHANICS of SOLIDS ME F211 BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus VIKAS CHAUDHARI Mechanics of Solids
    MECHANICS OF SOLIDS ME F211 BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus VIKAS CHAUDHARI Mechanics of Solids Chapter-5 Stress-Strain-Temperature Relations Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus Stress-Strain-Temperature Relations Contents: Introduction Tensile test Stress- Strain diagram Idealizations of Stress-Strain Curves Elastic Stress- Strain Relations Thermal Strain Complete Equations of Elasticity Strain Energy in an Elastic Body Criteria for Initial Yielding Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus Stress-Strain-Temperature Relations Introduction Elastic deformation: It is the deformation which exist when load applied and it disappears as soon as the load is released. Plastic Deformation: when load is applied beyond elastic range, and the deformation does not disappears after the load is released. A Ductile materials is one which the plastic deformation is much larger than elastic deformation Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus Stress-Strain-Temperature Relations Tensile Test Tensile Test Displacements in Tensile Test Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus Stress-Strain-Temperature Relations Stress- Strain diagram Stress-strain diagram for a structural steel in tension Not to scale Draw to scale Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus Stress-Strain-Temperature Relations Stress- Strain diagram Typical stress- strain diagram for an aluminum alloy Offset yield point (proof stress) Vikas Chaudhari BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus Stress-Strain-Temperature Relations Stress- Strain
    [Show full text]
  • Interfacial Stick-Slip Transition in Simple Shear of Entangled Melts Pouyan E
    The University of Akron IdeaExchange@UAkron College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering 10-2006 Interfacial Stick-Slip Transition in Simple Shear of Entangled Melts Pouyan E. Boukany University of Akron Main Campus Prashant Tapadia University of Akron Main Campus Shi-Qing Wang University of Akron Main Campus, [email protected] Please take a moment to share how this work helps you through this survey. Your feedback will be important as we plan further development of our repository. Follow this and additional works at: http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/polymer_ideas Part of the Polymer Science Commons Recommended Citation Boukany, Pouyan E.; Tapadia, Prashant; and Wang, Shi-Qing, "Interfacial Stick-Slip Transition in Simple Shear of Entangled Melts" (2006). College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering. 97. http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/polymer_ideas/97 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by IdeaExchange@UAkron, the institutional repository of The nivU ersity of Akron in Akron, Ohio, USA. It has been accepted for inclusion in College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering by an authorized administrator of IdeaExchange@UAkron. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Interfacial stick-slip transition in simple shear of entangled melts Pouyan E. Boukany, Prashant Tapadia, and Shi-Qing Wanga) Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325 (Received 5 December 2005; final revision received 23 June 2006͒ Synopsis This article describes a systematic investigation of a discontinuous interfacial stick-slip transition ͑SST͒ in simple shear of monodisperse entangled 1,4-polybutadiene ͑PBD͒ and polyisoprene ͑PIP͒ melts with different molecular weights and architecture, using a specially designed controlled-force shear rheometer.
    [Show full text]
  • Quick Help for CAMPUS -I
    BASF Aktiengesellschaft Innovative Business Solutions – KS/I 67056 Ludwigshafen 06.September 2004 Quick Help for CAMPUS®-i What is CAMPUS®-i? CAMPUS®-i is the online version of the plastics material database CAMPUS®. With CAMPUS®-i you do not have to download and install anything in order to view product properties, generate data sheets or search products, e.g. by properties, chemical formula or regional availability. Using CAMPUS®-i: After starting CAMPUS®-i the program will display the full list of products in the “Data Sheet” view. You can select the English (en) or German (de) language or switch between international (SI) or U.S. (US) units by using the links in the upper right part of the screen: You can use the arrows above the product list to navigate within the list. In order to view the properties of a specific product simply click on the product name. The properties are displayed in the right portion of the screen. If you want to print a data sheet of the product click on the Data Sheet icon Tabs in the left column of the CAMPUS®-i screen: These tabs define the so-called views, i.e. the way the products and their properties are displayed on the screen. Data Sheet • Displays a list of products on the left hand side and information on the selected product on the right hand side. The list of products can be reduced through a Search for Grades or Polymers or by an Advanced Search (see below). • To view the properties for a specific product click on the product name and select what you want to view using the tabs on the right hand side of the screen.
    [Show full text]
  • Determination of Soil Properties for Sandy Soils and Road Base
    DETERMINATION OF SOIL PROPERTIES FOR SANDY SOILS AND ROAD BASE AT RIVERSIDE CAMPUS USING LABORATORY TESTING AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION A Thesis by DEEYVID OSCAR SAEZ BARRIOS Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May 2010 Major Subject: Civil Engineering DETERMINATION OF SOIL PROPERTIES FOR SANDY SOILS AND ROAD BASE AT RIVERSIDE CAMPUS USING LABORATORY TESTING AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION A Thesis by DEEYVID OSCAR SAEZ BARRIOS Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Approved by: Chair of Committee, Jean-Louis Briaud Committee Members, Charles Aubeny Julian Kang Head of Department, John Niedzwecki Major Subject: Civil Engineering iii ABSTRACT Determination of Soil Properties of Sandy Soils and Road Base at Riverside Campus Using Laboratory Testing and Numerical Simulation. (May 2010) Deeyvid Oscar Saez Barrios, B.En., Technological University of Panama Chair of Advisory Committee: Jean-Louis Briaud This study evaluated the soil properties of clean sand, a silty sand, and a road base that are extensively used as a backfill for full-scale testing at Riverside Campus at Texas A&M University. The three soils were collected at the Riverside Campus and the testing schedule included grain size analysis, hydrometer test, specific gravity, maximum dry density, Atterberg limit, stiffness, direct shear test, triaxial test, and a simple procedure to estimate the maximum and minimum void ratio of the clean sand. Relation between strength/deformation, vertical displacement/shear displacement, and physical properties were evaluated to estimate the frictional resistance and angle of dilation of the clean sand and the silty sand.
    [Show full text]