Raphionacme (Apocynaceae: Periplocoideae): Nomenclatural Notes for Southern African Species

Research Note

Raphionacme (Apocynaceae: Periplocoideae): nomenclatural notes for southern African species

HJT Venter

Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa e-mail: [email protected]

Received 29 August 2002, accepted in revised form 7 October 2002

Raphionacme Harv. is a genus of mostly geophytic nised by the present author, although no less than 27 herbaceous plants, numbering 37 species and, with the species and two varieties were described for exception of one species, all endemic to Africa. In Raphionacme in the region. Six species and two varieti- southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South etal names are new synonyms for the region. These Africa and Swaziland) a total of 16 species are recog- names are synonymised here.

Raphionacme Harv. (Apocynaceae: Periplocoideae) occurs Raphionacme elata N.E.Br.: 535 (1907). Type: South widely across southern Africa, except in the Cape winter Africa, North West Province (Transvaal), Rustenburg, Pegler rainfall area where it is absent. The genus is mainly found in 1054 (K!, holotype; BOL!, GRA!, NH!, PRE!, SAM!), syn. pure grassland or the grassland component of savanna but nov. a few species are climbers in savanna trees or in the mar- gins of closed forest. With the exception of R. flanaganii Raphionacme hirsuta (E.Mey.) R.A.Dyer, Flowering Plants Schltr. and R. monteiroae (Oliv.) N.E.Br., all of the southern of South Africa 22: t 853 (1942). Brachystelma hirsutum African species are herbaceous geophytes. The genus E.Mey.: 197 (1838). Type: South Africa, Cape Province, Raphionacme is characterised by a usually subspherical Drege s.n. (LUB†, holotype); South Africa, Cape Province, tuber, a corolla with a distinct, usually campanulate, tube, a Kei River, Flanagan 394 (PRE!, neotype, here designated; corolline corona of variously shaped lobes arising from the GRA!). No isotypes of Drege s.n. could be located by the mouth of the corolla, stamens situated directly below the author, not even amongst the collection of Drege duplicates corona lobes and fused with them basally, and a gynoste- in the Paris Herbarium (P). gium that is exserted from the corolla mouth. Raphionacme hirsuta var. glabra (N.E.Br.) R.A.Dyer: 853 The creation of Raphionacme by Harvey (1842) was (1942). R. divaricata var. glabra N.E.Br.: 539 (1907). Type: based on two collections from South Africa, which he named South Africa, Zeyher 1140 (K!, holo; BM!), syn. nov. Raphionacme divaricata and Raphionacme zeyheri. Since then 25 species and two varieties have been described for Raphionacme lanceolata Schinz, Verhandlungen des southern Africa. Botanischen Vereins der Provinz Brandenburg 30: 263 This communication forms part of a revision of (1888). Type: Namibia, Ovamboland, Omandongo, Schinz Raphionacme by the present author. It is published ahead of 167 (Z!, lectotype, here designated; K!); Namibia, the monograph in order to include the newest southern Ovamboland, Omiikangua, Schinz 168 (K!, Z!); Namibia, African synonyms of this genus in the forthcoming second Ovamboland, Okasimaka Namutenya, Schinz s.n. (K!, Z!). edition of Arnold and De Wet (1993). Raphionacme lanceolata var. latifolia N.E.Br.: 274 (1902). Type: Botswana, near Chukutsa Salt-pan, Lugard 260 (K!, Nomenclatural changes lectotype, here designated), 69 (K!), 98 (K!); Botswana, Kwebe Hills, Mrs Lugard 71 (K!); Botswana, Lake Ngami, Raphionacme galpinii Schltr. in Engl., Botanische Chapman s.n. (K!), Zimbabwe, Bulawayo, Rand 284 Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und (Herbarium unknown), syn. nov. Pflanzengeographie 18: beibl. 45: 14 (1894). Type: South Africa, Mpumalanga, Barberton, Saddleback Mountain, Raphionacme monteiroae (Oliv.) N.E.Br. in Dyer, Flora Galpin 613 (B†; PRE!, lectotype, here designated; NH!, Capensis 4: 533 (1907). Chlorocyathus monteiroae Oliv.: t. SAM!). 1557 (1887). Type: Mozambique, Maputo (Delagoa Bay), South African Journal of Botany 2003, 69: 212–213 213

Monteiro s.n., 1882/00/00 (K!, holotype). References Raphionacme loandae Schltr. & Rendle: 679 (1898). Type: Angola, Boa Vista, Welwitsch 4274 (BM!, holo), syn. nov. Arnold TH, De Wet BC (eds) (1993) Plants of Southern Africa: Raphionacme pachyodon K.Schum. ex Schinz: 246 Names and Distribution. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of (1910). Type: Angola, Mossamedes, Gambos-Tongo, South Africa No. 62. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria Newton 152 (B†), syn. nov. Identified from the description Brown NE (1902) Asclepiadeae. In: Thiselton-Dyer WT (ed) Flora of Tropical Africa, Vol 4. Lovell Reeve and Company, London, p 274 alone. Brown NE (1907) Asclepiadeae. In: Thiselton-Dyer WT (ed) Flora Capensis, Vol 4. Lovell Reeve and Company, London, pp Raphionacme velutina Schltr. in Engl., Botanische 532–539 Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Dyer RA (1942) Raphionacme hirsuta. In: Phillips EP (ed) The Pflanzengeographie 20, beibl. 51: 12 (1895). Type: South Flowering Plants of South Africa, Vol 22. JL van Schaik Africa, Gauteng (Transvaal), Heidelberg, Schlechter 3509 Publishers, Pretoria, 853pp (B†, holotype; Z!, lectotype, here designated; BOL!, SAM!). Harvey WH (1842) Description of several new genera of South Raphionacme burkei N.E.Br.: 537 (1907). Type: South African plants. In: Hooker WJ (ed) London Journal of Botany 1: Africa, Magaliesberg, Burke 64 (K!, lectotype, here desig- 18–29 nated; PRE!, TCD!); Magaliesberg, Zeyher 1141 (K!, G!); Holmgren PK, Holmgren NH, Barnett LC (eds) (1990) Index Herbariorum, Part 1: The Herbaria of the World, 8th edn. New York Northern Cape Province, near origin of Kuruman River, Botanical Garden, New York. ISSN 0080–0694 Burchell 2444 (K!), 2455 (K!), 2497 (K!); North West Meyer EHF (1838) Commentariorum de Plantis Afrique Australis, Province, Rustenburg, Pegler 982 (BOL!, K!), syn. nov. Vol 2. Apud Leopoldum Voss, Leipzig, pp 196–197 Raphionacme dinteri Schltr. ex Schinz: 245 (1910). Type: Oliver D (1887) Chlorocyathus monteiroae. Hooker, Icones Namibia, 10 km east of Orumbo, Dinter 1326 (Z!, lectotype, Plantarum 16: t 1557 here designated); Namibia, Hohenwarte, Dinter 1264 (Z!); Schinz H (1888) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Flora von Deutsch- Namibia, eastern Auasberge, Dinter 809 (Herbarium Südwest-Afrika. Verhandlungen des Botanischen Vereins der unknown), syn. nov. Provinz Brandenburg 30: 263 Brachystelma viridiflorum Turrill: 259 (1924). Type: Royal Schinz H (1910) Asclepiadaceae. Vierteljahrsschrift der natur- Botanic Gardens, Kew — cultivated from plant received from forschung Geselschaft in Zürich 55: 245–246 Schlechter R (1894) Asclepiadaceae Galpinianae. Engler, Pretoria (K, holotype; Kew Bulletin 1924: figure on p 260!), Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und syn. nov. Identification by RA Dyer, 11/04/1975. Pflanzengeographie 18: beibl. 45: 14–15 Schlechter R (1895) Beitrage zur Kenntnis südafrikanischer Acknowledgements — Thanks are due to: the University of the Free Asclepiadeen. Engler, Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, State, Bloemfontein and the National Research Foundation, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 20: beibl. 51: 12 Pretoria, for their financial support of the taxonomic investigation of Schlechter R, Rendle AB (1898) New African Esclepiads. In: Hiern the subfamily Periplocoideae; and the herbaria B, BLFU, BM, BOL, WP, Catalogue of the African Plants collected by dr Friedrich GRA, J, K, KMG, M, NBG, NH, NU, P, PRE, PRU, PUC, WIND and Welwitsch, Vol 1. Longmans and Company, London, pp 678–680 ZULU of which specimens, in particular type specimens, and in Turrill WB (1924) Brachystelma viridiflorum Turrill (Asclepiadaceae). some cases also literature, were studied for the revision of the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew. Bulletin of Miscellaneous southern African Raphionacme species (acronyms after Holmgren Information 1924: 259–260 et al. (1990)).

Edited by JC Manning