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Identification Key to the Cypress Family (Cupressaceae)1

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Identification Key to the Cypress Family (Cupressaceae)1 Feddes Repertorium 116 (2005) 1–2, 96–146 DOI: 10.1002/fedr.200411062 Weinheim, Mai 2005 Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Lehrstuhl für Spezielle Botanik, Bochum C. SCHULZ; P. KNOPF & TH. STÜTZEL Identification key to the Cypress family (Cupressaceae)1 With 11 Figures Summary Zusammenfassung The identification of Cupressaceae taxa, except for Bestimmungsschlüssel für die Familie der Cup- some local and easily distinguishable taxa, is diffi- ressaceae cult even for specialists. One reason for this is the lack of a complete key including all Cupressaceae Die Bestimmung von Cupressaceae-Taxa ist mit taxa, another reason is that diagnoses and descrip- Ausnahme einiger lokaler und leicht bestimmbarer tions are spread over several hundred publications Taxa schwierig, selbst für Spezialisten. Ein Grund, which are sometimes difficult to access. Based on warum es noch keinen vollständigen Bestimmungs- morphological studies of about 3/4 of the species and schlüssel mit allen Cupressaceae-Taxa gibt ist, dass a careful compilation of the most important descrip- die Sippen-Beschreibungen sich auf mehrere hundert tions of Cupressaceae, a first identification key for Publikationen verteilen, welche teilweise schwierig the entire Cypress family (Cupressaceae) could be zu beschaffen sind. Etwa 3/4 der Cupressaceae-Ar- set up. The key comprises any of the 30 genera, 134 ten wurden morphologisch untersucht und die wich- species, 7 subspecies, 38 varieties, one form and thus tigsten Beschreibungen zusammengefasst, daraus all 180 taxa recognized by FARJON (2001). The key wurde dann der erste vollständige Bestimmungs- uses mainly features of adult leaves, female cones schlüssel für Cupressaceae erstellt. Der Bestim- and other characters which are all relatively easy to mungsschlüssel enthält 30 Gattungen, 134 Arten, be used. 7 Unterarten, 38 Varietäten, eine Form und damit alle 180 Taxa nach FARJON (2001). Es werden vor- wiegend Merkmale von adulten Blättern, weiblichen Zapfen und andere Merkmale verwendet, welche alle relativ leicht erkennbar sind. Introduction important genera like Callitris, Cupressus and Juniperus. In many cases geographic informa- One of the first species to be published accord- tion is used in keys, what makes them often ing to the “International Code of Botanical inappropriate to determine material hold in Nomenclature” was Cupressus sempervirens L. collections such as arboreta and botanical gar- in 1753, the last was Xanthocyparis vietnamen- dens. In their natural habitat, it is mostly quite sis FARJON & HIEP in 2002. During this long simple to determine Cupressaceae, as there is time, several hundred descriptions for taxa of usually only a limited number of Cupressaceae all ranks in Cupressaceae were published. De- native to a region. spite the fact that many species are cultivated world wide, only regional keys have been set up. There is neither a key for all genera of the Materials and methods family, nor a full key for all members of such Nomenclature and taxonomy are generally adopted 1 from FARJON (2001). The key is based on morpho- Data matrix inclusive illustrations for interactive identification using DELTA/INTKEY available on http://www.boga.ruhr-uni- logical studies of about 3/4 of the species and a bochum.de/spezbot/publikationen.htm careful compilation of the relevant bibliography. © 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 0014-8962/05/1-205-0096 C. SCHULZ et al.: Identification key of the Cypress family (Cupressaceae) 97 Keys were performed using the DELTA-package Bonn; Athrotaxis laxifolia: BG Bonn, BG Düs- (DALLWITZ 1974, 1980; DALLWITZ et al. 1993, 1995, seldorf; Athrotaxis selaginoides: BG Bonn; 1999, 2000). All data collected from own examina- Austrocedrus chilensis: BG Bonn, BG Düssel- tions and the bibliography were entered into a dorf, Palmengarten Frankfurt (Main); Calo- DELTA matrix. These taxa studied can be grouped in three parts. The first group comprises those taxa cedrus decurrens: BG Bochum, Essen Gruga- which are frequently grown in Germany even out- park, Palmengarten Frankfurt (Main), BG side botanical gardens. Access to material was not or Frankfurt(Main), BG Strasbourg; Callitris hardly limited for this group, and morphological, canescens: BG Halle (Saale); Callitris columel- especially morphometrical characters are supposed laris: BG Bonn; Callitris drummondii: BG not to differ markedly from natural conditions. This Bochum; Callitris endlicheri: BG Berlin, BG was mostly proven by comparing data from the Düsseldorf; Callitris oblonga: A Freiburg; bibliography with ours. The data sets as well as the Callitris preissii: BG Bochum, BG Bonn; Cal- range for many characters were however emended litris rhomboidea: BG Bochum; Callitris verru- markedly even for this group. A second list com- prises the taxa which are usually only found in scien- cosa: BG Bochum; Calocedrus formosana: BG tific collections such as botanic gardens and arbo- Düsseldorf, BG Bonn; Calocedrus macrolepis: reta. It may be suspected that these taxa are grown Dortmund Rombergpark; Chamaecyparis for- under conditions more different from their natural mosensis: BG Düsseldorf; Chamaecyparis environment. This might result in differences to obtusa var. formosana: A Güntertal; Chamae- material collected from natural sites, and we tried to cyparis thyoides var. henryae: BG Mainz; get material from different sources and compared the Chamaecyparis thyoides var. thyoides: BG results carefully with data from the bibliography. Bochum, Dortmund Rombergpark; Cunning- The third group comprises those taxa for which no hamia konishii: Palmengarten Frankfurt material could be accessed and only data from the bibliography and herbarium samples could be in- (Main); Cupressus arizonica var. arizonica: BG cluded. Cultivars were excluded, it is however Mainz, Flora Köln, Esveld, Dortmund Rom- mostly possible to identify cultivars as well, if char- bergpark; Cupressus arizonica var. montana: acters like size and habit are excluded. The identifi- BG Bayreuth; Cupressus arizonica var. ne- cation of herbarium samples is conditionally possi- vadensis: BG Bayreuth; Cupressus bakeri: ble, if character colour is not necessary. Dortmund Rombergpark, Palmengarten Frank- List 1 (Species occurring in Germany also furt (Main), A Freiburg, RBG Kew; Cupressus outside of botanical gardens and botanical cashmeriana: BG Bochum, BG Bonn, BG collections; frequently cultivated taxa) Hamburg, BG Berlin, A Freiburg; Cupressus chengiana var. chengiana: RBG Kew, A Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, Chamaecyparis Trompenburg; Cupressus chengiana var. jian- obtusa var. obtusa, Chamaecyparis pisifera, gensis: private; Cupressus duclouxiana: BG Cryptomeria japonica, Cunninghamia lanceo- München, BG Bochum; Cupressus dupreziana lata, Cupressus arizonica var. glabra, Cupres- var. atlantica: BG Berlin, BG Bayreuth; Cu- sus sempervirens, Juniperus chinensis var. pressus dupreziana var. dupreziana: BG Bo- chinensis, Juniperus communis var. communis, chum, BG Bonn, BG Hamburg, BG Berlin, A Juniperus horizontalis, Juniperus sabina var. Freiburg; Cupressus funebris: BG Frankfurt sabina, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Micro- (Main), BG Bochum, BG Berlin, A Freiburg, biota decussata, Platycladus orientalis, Se- BG Marburg, BG München; Cupressus gigan- quoiadendron giganteum, Taxodium distichum tea: BG Marburg, BG Bochum, BG Bayreuth; var. distichum, Thuja occidentalis, Thuja pli- Cupressus goveniana var. abramsiana: Flora cata, Thujopsis dolabrata var. dolabrata, Xan- Köln; Cupressus goveniana var. goveniana: BG thocyparis nootkatensis. Münster, BG Bochum, BG Bayreuth, A Frei- burg; Cupressus guadalupensis var. forbesii: List 2 (Species occurring in Germany only in BG Bayreuth; Cupressus guadalupensis var. botanical gardens or botanical collections; BG guadalupensis: BG Bayreuth; Cupressus lusi- = botanical garden, A = arboretum, RBG = tanica var. benthamii: BG Bochum; Cupressus Royal Botanical Garden) lusitanica var. lusitanica: BG Bochum, BG Actinostrobus pyramidalis: BG Halle (Saale), Hamburg, BG Halle (Saale); Cupressus mac- BG München; Athrotaxis cupressoides: BG nabiana: BG Hamburg, BG Mainz, RBG Kew; © 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 98 Feddes Repert., Weinheim 116 (2005) 1–2 Cupressus macrocarpa: BG Halle (Saale), BG var. virginiana: BG Bochum, BG Mainz, BG Bochum, Dortmund Rombergpark, BG Mar- Dortmund, Essen Grugapark, BG Berlin; Libo- burg; Cupressus sargentii: BG Hamburg, BG cedrus bidwillii: Palmengarten Frankfurt Bayreuth; Cupressus torulosa: A Trompenburg, (Main); Libocedrus plumosa: Palmengarten BG Berlin, BG Hamburg; Diselma archeri: BG Frankfurt (Main); Papuacedrus papuana var. Bonn; Fitzroya cupressoides: BG Düsseldorf, papuana: BG Bonn; Papuacedrus papuana Palmengarten Frankfurt (Main), A Freiburg; var. arfakensis: BG Bonn; Pilgerodendron Fokienia hodginsii: BG Düsseldorf, BG Bonn, uviferum: Palmengarten Frankfurt (Main), A Palmengarten Frankfurt (Main); Glyptostrobus Güntertal; Sequoia sempervirens: BG Bochum, pensilis: BG Bochum, BG Bonn; Juniperus BG Düsseldorf; Taiwania cryptomerioides: BG ashei: BG Hamburg, BG Berlin; Juniperus Düsseldorf; Taxodium distichum var. imbrica- bermudiana: Esveld; Juniperus cedrus: BG tum: BG Bochum, Palmengarten Frankfurt Bochum, BG Bonn, BG Marburg; Juniperus (Main); Taxodium mucronatum: BG Düssel- chinensis var. sargentii: BG Bochum, BG Ber- dorf, BG Freiburg, A Güntertal; Tetraclinis lin; Juniperus communis var. depressa: BG articulata: BG Düsseldorf, BG Bonn, BG Bo- Bochum; Juniperus communis var. saxatilis: chum; Thuja
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