PUBLIC ELECTRICITY SUPPLY LICENCE for MIDLANDS ELECTRICITY Plc
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Distribution Network Review
A DISTRIBUTION NETWORK REVIEW ETSU K/EL/00188/REP Contractor P B Power Merz & McLellan Division PREPARED BY R J Fairbairn D Maunder P Kenyon The work described in this report was carried out under contract as part of the New and Renewable Energy Programme, managed by the Energy Technology Support Unit (ETSU) on behalf of the Department of Trade and Industry. The views and judgements expressed in this report are those of the contractor and do not necessarily reflect those of ETSU or the Department of Trade and Industry.__________ First published 1999 © Crown copyright 1999 Page iii 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.........................................................................................................................1.1 2. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................2.1 3. BACKGROUND.........................................................................................................................................3.1 3.1 Description of the existing electricity supply system in England , Scotland and Wales ...3.1 3.2 Summary of PES Licence conditions relating to the connection of embedded generation 3.5 3.3 Summary of conditions required to be met by an embedded generator .................................3.10 3.4 The effect of the Review of Electricity Trading Arrangements (RETA)..............................3.11 4. THE ABILITY OF THE UK DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS TO ACCEPT EMBEDDED GENERATION...................................................................................................................................................4.1 -
E.ON 2004 Annual Report on Form 20-F Entitled “Item 3
2004 Annual Report Growing closer. Growing together. E.ON Group Financial Highlights in millions 2004 2003 +/– % Electricity sales (in billion kWh)1 403.7 390.5 +3 Gas sales (in billion kWh)1 868.2 854.9 +2 Sales 49,103 46,427 +6 Adjusted EBITDA2 10,520 9,458 +11 Adjusted EBIT2 7,361 6,228 +18 Income/Loss (–) from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interests 6,799 5,538 +23 Income/Loss (–) from continuing operations 4,348 3,950 +10 Income/Loss (–) from discontinued operations, net –9 1,137 – Net income 4,339 4,647 –7 Investments 5,285 9,196 –43 Cash provided by operating activities 5,972 5,538 +8 Free cash flow3 3,260 2,878 +13 Net financial position4 (at year end) –5,483 –7,855 +30 Stockholders’ equity 33,560 29,774 +13 Total assets 114,062 111,850 +2 ROCE5 (in %) 11.3 9.9 +1.46 Cost of capital (in %) 9.0 9.5 –0.56 Return on equity after taxes7 (in %) 13.7 16.8 –3.16 Employees (at year end) 69,710 67,102 +4 Earnings per share (in ) from continuing operations 6.62 6.04 +10 from discontinued operations –0.01 1.74 – from cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, net – –0.67 – from net income 6.61 7.11 –7 Per share (in ) Dividend 2.35 2.00 +18 Stockholders’ equity8 50.93 45.39 +12 1Unconsolidated figures; prior-year figure includes pro forma 12-month gas sales of E.ON Ruhrgas AG. 2Non-GAAP financial measure; see reconciliation to consolidated net income on page 25. -
E.ON Annual Report 2019
Annual Report 2019 E.ON Group Financial Highlights € in millions 2019 2018 +/- % Sales1 41,484 30,084 +38 Adjusted EBITDA1, 2 5,558 4,840 +15 – Regulated business3 (%) 65 57 +84 – Quasi-regulated and long-term contracted business3 (%) 13 21 -84 – Merchant business3 (%) 22 22 – Adjusted EBIT1, 2 3,235 2,989 +8 – Regulated business3 (%) 70 58 +124 – Quasi-regulated and long-term contracted business3 (%) 11 20 -94 – Merchant business3 (%) 19 22 -34 Net income/loss 1,808 3,524 -49 Net income/loss attributable to shareholders of E.ON SE 1,566 3,223 -51 Adjusted net income1, 2 1,536 1,505 +2 Investments1 5,492 3,523 +56 Cash provided by operating activities1 2,965 2,853 +3 Cash provided by operating activities before interest and taxes1 4,407 4,087 +8 Economic net debt (at year-end)1 39,430 16,580 +138 Equity 13,085 8,518 +54 Total assets 98,566 54,324 +81 ROCE (%)1 8.4 10.4 -2.04 Employees (at year-end)1 78,948 43,302 +82 – Percentage of female employees 33 32 +1.04 – Average age 42 42 – Earnings per share5, 6 (€) 0.68 1.49 -54 Adjusted net income per share1, 5, 6 (€) 0.67 0.69 -3 Dividend per share7 (€) 0.46 0.43 +7 Dividend payout 1,199 932 +29 1Includes until September 18, 2019, the discontinued operations in the Renewables segment (see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). 2Adjusted for non-operating effects. 3E.ON and innogy’s definitions of regulated, quasi-regulated businesses, and so forth were harmonized and the prior-year figures adjusted accordingly. -
UK Electricity Networks the Nature of UK Electricity Transmission and Distribution Networks in an Intermittent Renewable and Embedded Electricity Generation Future
UK Electricity Networks The nature of UK electricity transmission and distribution networks in an intermittent renewable and embedded electricity generation future By Scott Butler Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Centre for Environmental Technology in collaboration with Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology (POST) September 2001 IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE (University of London) Centre for Environmental Technology TH Huxley School of Environment, Earth Sciences & Engineering UK Electricity Networks The nature of UK electricity transmission and distribution networks in an intermittent renewable and embedded electricity generation future. By Scott Butler A report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the MSc and/or the DIC September 2001 DECLARATION OF OWN WORK I declare that this thesis… UK Electricity Networks: the nature of UK electricity transmission and distribution networks in an intermittent renewable and embedded electricity generation future. Is entirely my own work and that where any material could be construed as the work of others, it is fully cited and referenced, and/or with appropriate acknowledgement given Signature: __________________________________________ Date: _______________________________________________ Name of Student: _____________________________________ Name of Supervisor: ___________________________________ Page ii Abstract UK Electricity Networks The nature of UK electricity transmission and distribution networks in an intermittent renewable and embedded electricity generation future Electricity systems have developed during the last century on the basis of large central generating units. These feed into an interconnected high voltage transmission and lower voltage distribution network. Recent developments challenge this structure. Electricity market liberalisation introduced in 1989 has had a profound impact on the nature of the UK Electricity Supply Industry (ESI). -
Management Development and Succession in the Electricity Industry 1948 - 1998: Executive Men and Non-Executive Women
MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUCCESSION IN THE ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY 1948 - 1998: EXECUTIVE MEN AND NON-EXECUTIVE WOMEN Margaret Nisbet A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The London School of Economics and Political Science University of London June 2001 © The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without the prior written consent of the author. UMI Number: U150870 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U150870 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 F Abstract This thesis investigates the development and succession of British Electricity Industry executives (top managers) during the half-century from 1948, and examines the reasons why few female employees became senior managers, and none became board members. In response to the continuing need for professional engineers, the industry operated a policy of internal promotion in parallel with systematic procedures for recruiting, training, developing and promoting employees and managers. The shortage of technical trainees resulted in the recruitment of apprentices with qualifications below the required standard; together with talented manual workers who were also perceived as potential engineers. -
Regulation of the Uk Electricity Industry
INDUSTRY BRIEF REGULATION OF THE UK ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY 2002 edition Gillian Simmonds REGULATION OF THE UK ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY 2002 edition CRI Industry Brief Gillian Simmonds Desktop published by Jan Marchant © The University of Bath All rights reserved ISBN PREFACE The CRI is pleased to publish the 2002 edition of its industry brief on the Regulation of the UK Electricity Industry, having updated it for developments since the 1998 edition. It has been prepared by Gillian Simmonds, a Research Officer at the CRI, and supersedes the first edition which was prepared by Carole Hicks, then a Research Officer at the CRI. The brief is part of a set of CRI industry briefs for the utilities and network industries, covering water, energy, transport and communications. The structure and regulation of the electricity industry has changed considerably since 1998, including developments such as the new electricity trading arrangements (NETA), competition in electricity supply and the Utilities Act 2000, which created, amongst other things, separate, independent arrangements for consumer representation (energywatch) and the Gas and Electricity Markets Authority (the ‘Authority’), which took over the powers and duties of the Director General. The new 2002 edition is, therefore, substantially a new document, rather than a ‘revision’. The CRI would welcome comments on the Brief, which can be taken into account as CRI Industry Briefs have to be updated from time to time in line with developments in the Industry, and will be published as a ‘revised’ or subsequent ‘edition’. Comments should be addressed to: Peter Vass Director – CRI School of Management University of Bath Bath, BA2 7AY The CRI publishes work on regulation by a wide variety of authors, covering a range of regulatory topics and disciplines, in its International, Occasional and Technical Paper series. -
Welcome to the Privatisation Guide
Welcome to the privatisation guide If you hold shares in As a customer of The Share called what; who has been companies which were Centre you can also speak taken over by whom, and originally in either the public with our expert advisers for whether your shares in one or mutual sectors, you may free advice on how well the company have now well find they're no longer shares fit with your become shares in many. investment aims, by calling who you thought they were! And on pages 6 and 7 our AdviceLine … it's an Many have merged, split, you'll find an easy to use list ideal way to keep up to been taken over or have of those ex-privatisation date and ensure you've simply changed their name. and mutual companies that got your investments in This guide enables you to are still available for you to good order and you just quickly work out just who's invest in. pay for the call at your who. And on pages 6 to 7 normal call rate. you'll find a summary of each share's history, with its Who's Who? initial price, and first The name on the share Table A 4 dealing date. certificate you hold may no Companies who have longer be the same as the changed their name So check out each of your company you actually own holdings and consider what Table B 5 a share in. When action you need to take - Companies taken over or companies change their you can use the company merged name or split into new research section of our businesses, you'll usually Table C 5 website (www.share.com) get a new certificate but Companies that have split to check out recent don't have to return the into different parts performance and even see old ones. -
E.ON Annual Report 2020
Annual Report 2020 E.ON Group at a Glance € in millions 2020 2019 +/- % Sales1 60,944 41,284 +48 Adjusted EBITDA1, 2 6,905 5,564 +24 – Regulated business (%) 73 65 +83 – Quasi-regulated and long-term contracted business (%) 4 13 -93 – Merchant business (%) 23 22 +13 Adjusted EBIT1, 2 3,776 3,220 +17 – Regulated business (%) 79 70 +93 – Quasi-regulated and long-term contracted business (%) 3 11 -83 – Merchant business (%) 18 19 -13 Net income/loss 1,270 1,792 -29 Net income/loss attributable to shareholders of E.ON SE 1,017 1,550 -34 Adjusted net income1, 2 1,638 1,526 +7 Investments1 4,171 5,492 -24 Cash provided by operating activities1 5,313 2,965 +79 Cash provided by operating activities before interest and taxes1 5,948 4,407 +35 Economic net debt (at year-end)1 40,736 38,895 +5 Equity 9,055 13,248 -32 Total assets 95,385 98,080 -3 ROCE (%)1 6.2 8.3 -2.13 Employees (at year-end)1 78,126 78,948 -1 – Percentage of female employees 32 33 -13 – Average age 42 42 – Earnings per share4, 5 (€) 0.39 0.68 -43 Adjusted net income per share1, 4, 5 (€) 0.63 0.67 -6 Dividend per share6 (€) 0.47 0.46 +2 Dividend payout 1,225 1,199 +2 1Includes until September 18, 2019, the discontinued operations in the Renewables segment (see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). 2Adjusted for non-operating effects. 3Change in percentage points. 4Attributable to shareholders of E.ON SE. -
TXU Europe Group Plc's Completed Acquisition of the UK Electricity And
Scottish and Southern Energy plc’s proposed acquisition of Midlands Electricity plc Report to the Office of Fair Trading Introduction On 22 May 2003, Scottish and Southern Energy Limited (SSE) announced that it had agreed terms with Aquila Inc (Aquila) and FirstEnergy Corp (FirstEnergy) for the purchase of Aquila Sterling Limited (ASL). The transaction is subject to the holders of holding company debt (the three outstanding Avon Energy Partners (Holdings) Ltd (AEPH) bonds) agreeing to accept a cash payment from ASL in consideration for the bonds. Consultation On 10 June 2003 Ofgem issued a consultation paper seeking views on the acquisition. One response was received to the consultation exercise. Copies of the response can be provided on request. Since the original publication of Ofgem's consultation paper, two minor factual errors in the paper have been pointed out. The paper stated that Midlands is active in gas shipping through a number of licencees, whereas in fact it only holds one gas shipping licence – registered to Midlands Sales Ltd (para 4.2). The paper also incorrectly stated that Midlands owns a telecoms business, whereas that business was in fact closed down in 2001/02. These errors have now been corrected in the document that appears on Ofgem's website. Ofgem’s initial view Ofgem stated in its consultation document that it intends to apply its distribution company mergers policy should this transaction proceed, to deal with regulatory issues arising in respect of comparative regulation of electricity distribution businesses. Ofgem’s initial view was that the transaction raises no significant competition concerns, and no regulatory issues beyond those covered by its distribution company mergers policy. -
An Oral History of the Electricity Supply Industry
AN ORAL HISTORY OF THE ELECTRICITY SUPPLY INDUSTRY Scoping Study for proposed National Life Stories Project Sally Horrocks and Thomas Lean November 2011 IN PARTNERSHIP WITH NLS Scoping Study: An Oral History of the Electricity Supply Industry in the UK Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of all those consulted during the course of this study, and apologise in advance for any factual inaccuracies added or reproduced despite checking for these, and for any unintentional misunderstandings or misrepresentations of informants’ viewpoints. Comments and feedback on these are welcome. Address for correspondence: Contact Details: Dr Sally Horrocks and Dr Thomas Lean National Life Stories The British Library 96 Euston Road London NW1 2DB [email protected] ; [email protected] 0207 412 7404 National Life Stories address for correspondence: Rob Perks Director National Life Stories The British Library 96 Euston Road London NW1 2DB www.bl.uk/nls Email: [email protected] Tel: 020 7412 7405 2 NLS Scoping Study: An Oral History of the Electricity Supply Industry in the UK Table of Contents Table of Contents....................................................................................................... 3 Definitions and Acronyms........................................................................................... 5 Key Organisations in the UK Electrical Supply Industry ............................................. 7 Section 1 - Summary and Recommendations......................................................... -
Market Power Mitigation in the UK Power Market
Market Power Mitigation in the UK Power Market Richard Green* Institute for Energy Research and Policy University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK Tel: (+44) 121 415 8216 Fax: (+44) 121 214 7377 Email: [email protected] September 2005 1. Introduction Market power has been a constant theme in the history of the electricity restructuring in England and Wales. When the industry was restructured, the government created three large generating companies, two of which shared almost all the stations capable of setting prices in the industry’s centralised spot market. It soon became apparent that these companies had the ability and the incentive to raise prices to undesirable levels. Over the course of the 1990s, the industry’s regulators attempted to mitigate the duopolists’ market power. They published reports on unacceptable behaviour, making it impossible for the companies to repeat those tactics, while defining what would be allowed in future. The generators twice divested plant to rival companies – once to avoid being referred to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, once in return for being allowed to merge with electricity retailers. In the end, the regulator and the government together changed the market’s rules, abolishing the Pool that had been at the centre of the original restructuring. At the end of the Pool’s life, prices finally fell below the “competitive” level of new entrants’ costs. We may never know whether abolishing the Pool would have reduced prices, had the market still been concentrated, for it had reached a competitive structure just before it was abolished. This paper discusses market power and its mitigation in the electricity industry of England and Wales. -
Getting to Grips with the Basics
Chapter 1 Getting to Grips with the Basics In This Chapter ▶ Examining the key bits of the industry ▶ Taking a historical tour ▶ Reviewing the key challenges he British electricity industry has to be one of the most Tcomplex in the world. It certainly qualifies as the oldest. This chapter looks at how this industry came about and how it’s changed over its 120-odd year lifespan. Coming Full Circle In 1881, Messrs Calder & Barnet installed a Siemens AC alternator and dynamo, powered by a waterwheel located at Westbrook Mill on the River Wey. It fed seven arc lights and 34 Swan incandescent lights that lit the streets of Godalming and was the first experimental public electricity supply. InCOPYRIGHTED 2008, a 70-kilowatt (kW) Archimedes MATERIAL screw was installed in the River Goyt in Derbyshire. By February 2012, this community- owned hydro scheme (affectionately known as ‘Archie’) had generated over 500 megawatt hours (MWh). Figure 1-1 illustrates the two schemes. 004_9781118755709-ch01.indd4_9781118755709-ch01.indd 5 66/26/13/26/13 33:21:21 PMPM 6 GB Electricity Industry For Dummies © Torrs Hydro New Mills plc, 2008 Figure 1-1: Coming full circle with two community electricity schemes. Looking at these two examples of small-scale community elec- tricity schemes, it would be easy to think that not much has happened in the intervening 127 years. Not so. From its first 004_9781118755709-ch01.indd4_9781118755709-ch01.indd 6 66/26/13/26/13 33:21:21 PMPM Chapter 1: Getting to Grips with the Basics 7 tentative steps in the streets of Godalming, the British elec- tricity industry has grown massively, has transformed beyond recognition, and continues to evolve.