Ato o orsodne([email protected]) Canada. correspondence 8M5, for K1H *Author ON Ottawa, Ottawa, of University Medicine, Molecular taa NKH86 Canada. 8L6, K1H ON Ottawa, uXnWang glance Xin Yu a at cells stem Muscle GLANCE A AT SCIENCE CELL ß n erdcini n eimpoie htteoiia oki rpryattributed. properly is work original the Attribution that Commons provided Creative medium the any of distribution in terms use, reproduction the unrestricted and under permits distributed which article (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), Access License Open an is This molecular the 1 understanding cells, regeneration. stem long-term adult capitulate other and to cells Similar to satellite ability the as cells stem engraft muscle gives capacity dormant self-renewal the progenitor and a cells, myogenic activate committed to in Unlike poised progeny. are committed remain they produce transplantation muscle, cells uninjured and in stem state genetic quiescent muscle through Although defined experiments. has been cells satellite recently of of only capacity population self-renewing regenerative This long-term muscle. the skeletal facilitate cells stem Muscle ABSTRACT potCnr o tmCl eerh taaHsia eerhInstitute, Research Hospital Ottawa Research, Cell Stem for Centre Sprott 04 ulse yTeCmayo ilgssLd|Junlo elSine(04 2,44–58doi:10.1242/jcs.151209 4543–4548 127, (2014) Science Cell of Journal | Ltd Biologists of Company The by Published 2014. 1,2 ioa .Dumont A. Nicolas , 2 aut fMdcn,Dprmn fClua and Cellular of Department Medicine, of Faculty 1,2 n ihe .Rudnicki A. Michael and ucedsres hsCl cec taGac ril and stem commitment. muscle and article the self-renewal of quiescence, Glance and overview hallmarks: characteristics an cell a provide cell and at satellite potential, review therapeutic Science for will Cell therapies poster accompanying cell-based This or disorders. pharmacological muscle of towards implications development significant has the cells stem muscle of regulation n xaso fmoei aelt el Wn n Rudnicki, and (Wang cells satellite from myogenic regenerate activation of the to expansion requires ability capacity and regenerative remarkable This injuries. the severe has muscle Skeletal Introduction Stem muscle, Therapy Skeletal cells, cells, Satellite Regeneration, WORDS: KEY osqety meemsl eeeain ec,rsac to research Hence, and, surrounding or regeneration. cells satellite muscle degenerative its of impede capacity Various functional and consequently, the 1961). affect myofibre states (Mauro, disease a matrix between extracellular cells juxtaposed satellite position, anatomical reside relative their for Named 2012). 1,2, * RIL EIS TMCELLS STEM SERIES: ARTICLE 4543

Journal of Cell Science yctu aete aorbevcosfrdelivering for Unfortunately, myofibre 1989). vectors the al., into et favourable (Partridge fuse therapy to them gene progeny corrective make their and syncytium cells ability the and satellite Indeed, injuries dystrophies. of muscle muscular as acute such treating diseases chronic in target therapeutic strategic interest significant years. gained recent has in behaviour cell satellite understand GLANCE A AT SCIENCE CELL 4544 receptor calcitonin calveolin (CXCR4), (CAV1), are 4 4 (M)-cadherin, 1 type and receptor markers muscle 3 chemokine C-X-C syndecans Other SDC4), (CALCR), as such (EMD). and surface, membrane emerin (SDC3 the cell proteins the and as at membrane (LMNA) of located such nuclear expression A/C the intracellular, and specific lamin are PAX7 the markers factors by transcription Some identified proteins. be certain can cells Satellite markers cell stem Muscle minced transplanting by done were muscles assays engraftment first The cells stem muscle Finding potential. by therapeutic their commitment. characteristics highlight i.e. lineage cells, also cell and stem We capacity muscle satellite self-renewal of quiescence, hallmarks discuss in the their satellite of we cells overview or an cells Here, satellite providing stem cells. as the muscle terms engraftment prompted stem the and has coining This self-renewal transplantation, are that engraftment. of cells satellite long-term capable of sub-populations of specific hindered of lack identification currently are a disorders by muscle for therapies cell-based aelwegatetefcec n xlsvl ifrnit into differentiate myofibres exclusively host and efficiency with engraftment fusion low have However, the 1979). in these Schultz, contributors and that (Lipton sole demonstrated the that are transplantation cells indicating by followed 1978). 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DNA stem to required resistant muscle is more state are quiescent and metabolism low itnus h uppltoso aelt tmclsi still is cells stem to satellite marker of practical between a subpopulations missing. and differences the unclear intrinsic still distinguish However, are the two subpopulations cells. maintain to these satellite into order to in of rise self-renew give stem a pool divided to can order or muscle are in progenitors asymmetrically be and myogenic divide cells can cells latter can The satellite progenitor cells. that that committed subpopulations: indicate population results heterogeneous these Altogether, aaiy(un ta. 07.TeeMYF5 These 2007). al., engraftment long-term et muscles, and (Kuang quiescent different 2000). potential capacity in self-renewal of al., possess that, existence et cells demonstrated been (Beauchamp the , has cells suggests it satellite CD34, Indeed, of isolating and subpopulations in MYF5 2004). useful al., as et (Fukada are cells satellite against activated that antibodies or raised quiescent have antigens groups Other satellite-cell-specific 2012). al., et (Pasut 0 fstlieclshv ee xrse Y5 n htthese that and MYF5, expressed never have cells satellite of 10% uecneo ucese el smitie ythe by maintained is cells stem muscle of Quiescence codnl,dedlto tde hteaiecl cycle cell examine that studies dye-dilution Accordingly, neetnl,vral xrsino ifrn akr,such markers, different of expression variable Interestingly, ihtemjrt fstlieclsudron atdvso and division fast undergoing cells satellite of majority the with Hi ora fCl cec 21)17 5344 doi:10.1242/jcs.151209 4543–4548 127, (2014) Science Cell of Journal el a ergt hi hoooe smerclyin asymmetrically chromosomes their segregate can cells Lo ergt hi N randomly. 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Journal of Cell Science oln,C . le,I,Zmi,P . elp . ere . atig,T .and A. T. Partridge, A., Petrie, L., Heslop, S., P. Zammit, I., Olsen, A., C. Collins, hug .H,Qah .L,Cavle .W,Lu . ak . dlt,A,Yoo, A., Edalati, L., Park, L., Liu, W., G. Charville, L., A. N. Quach, T. H., T. Cheung, Rando, and H. T. Cheung, S., F. Boscolo, T., M. Tierney, W., Xiang, J., Christensen, V., J. Chakkalakal, oeua n eei tde aefrhrdoraiiyto ability our furthered Recent have cells. studies muscle to genetic used of be and can regeneration cells molecular stem muscle long-term that realised recapitulate been finally has It perspectives and Conclusions cell of efficiency to the order increase therapies. in to and behaviour engraftment cell long-term stem boost of mechanisms specific targeting GLANCE A AT SCIENCE CELL hkaaa,J . oe,K . asn .A n rc,A S. A. Brack, and A. M. Basson, M., K. Jones, V., J. Chakkalakal, A. Zolkiewska, and J. Gruszczynska-Biegala, Z., Zhao, Y., Cao, and D. Scherman, M., T. Yau, and P., Bigey, M. F., K. B. Steeper, Benabdallah, V., M., P. Bouchentouf, Tripathi, L., Liu, H., T. Cheung, R., R. C. X., Bjornson, Y. Wang, A., D. Stark, A., N. Dumont, J., Maltzahn, von F., C. Bentzinger, A. M. Rudnicki, and X. Y. Wang, F., C. Bentzinger, A., Wernig, G., R. Kelly, S., Tajbakhsh, S., D. Yu, L., Heslop, R., J. Beauchamp, References online as http://jcs.biologists.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1242/jcs.151209/-/DC1. available the are in panels at downloading poster files Individual for JPEG jcs.biologists.org. available at is article this poster of the version of version high-resolution glance A a at science Cell release. Research immediate Canada for the PMC and in Network, National Deposited Cell the Program. Stem Research, Chair Canadian Health the for Health, Institutes Research. of Canadian Health Institutes of the Institutes by Research. Canadian supported the Health is of of M.A.R. fellowship a Institutes by Canadian supported the is Scholarship N.A.D. and Graduate Technology II and Elizabeth Science Queen in from fellowships by supported is Y.X.W. Funding interests. competing no declare authors The interests Competing cells stem muscle expand to therapies new of behaviour their vivo modulate and in populations cell stem muscle isolate etigr .F,Wn,Y . o atan . oemn,V . i,H and H. Yin, D., V. Soleimani, J., Maltzahn, von X., Y. Wang, F., C. Bentzinger, meaiet anahlsi nesadn fautmyogenesis. adult of understanding are holistic cells stem a muscle gain of stem to studies adult imperative future other together, to Taken the applicable types. to be cell integral Moreover, may stable is and patients. activation functionally medicine and in regenerative quiescence of disorders cellular generation of genetic cell-based understanding of the correct forthcoming to for capacity muscle allow these regenerative will Eventually, the therapies enhance muscles. to damaged and transplantation eeoeet fclsfo h dl ucestliecl niche. cell satellite muscle adult the from cells of heterogeneity Morgan,J.E. . on,P n ad,T A. T. Rando, microRNA-489. by and quiescence P. Hoang, B., quiescence. state. primitive the of maintenance 1649-1659. for p27kip1 S. require A. cells Brack, and A. 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Nat. 21) oc inln sncsayt ananqisec in quiescence maintain to necessary is signaling Notch (2012). 21) irnci euae n7 inln n aelt cell satellite and signaling Wnt7a regulates Fibronectin (2013). 20) aclredteilgot atrrdcdhypoxia- reduced factor growth endothelial Vascular (2008). .Cl Biol. Cell J. 20) tmcl ucin efrnwl n behavioral and self-renewal, function, cell Stem (2005). 151 1221-1234. , 15 404-414. , tmCells Stem odSrn ab eset Biol. Perspect. Harb. Spring Cold 12 21) al omn ae-eann ucestem muscle label-retaining forming Early (2014). 75-87. , 205 Nature 97-111. , 21) oeua euaino tmcell stem of regulation Molecular (2013). 21) aneac fmsl stem-cell muscle of Maintenance (2012). 30 14 482 232-242. , o.Cl.Biol. Cell. Mol. 329-340. , 524-528. , 21) uligmsl:molecular muscle: Building (2012). 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