A Presentation To The National Monitoring Council Gunnar Lauenstein and John Christensen December 10, 2008

NOAA National Status & Trends Mussel Watch: A Partnership Program waters” Mission “Support ecosystem-based monitoring, assessment and programs of environmental Trends in the condition of our Nation’s estuarine and coastal management through integrated research to describe the status and 300 sites nationwide Stations 20 km apart in estuaries, 70 km along open coast 120 contaminants routinely monitored in indigenous bivalve populations Longest running coastal contaminant monitoring program that is National in scope each year (24 years) NOAA “Foundation” Data Set Program at a Glance

NOAA National Status & Trends Mussel Watch: A Partnership Program (all native bivalve species) raphic Domain g Geo g nitorin o M Program at a Glance

NOAA National Status & Trends Mussel Watch: A Partnership Program http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/about/coast/nsandt/welcome.html – ly added to the ing, including levels vironmental policies vironmental policies shipping activities and affect coastal Clean Water Act Act Water Clean

Polybrominated Diphenyl Diphenyl Polybrominated (PBDEs) were recent Chemical contamination in our nation's coastal waters is declin of DDT, hydrocarbons, and industrial contaminants such as PCBs Improvements credited to environmental laws – including the Fossil fuel compounds from motor vehicles, power generation, and continue to flow into waters Mussel Watch adds new and emerging threats to its list of over 120 chemical contaminants. growing list. NOAA Mussel Watch will issue a report on PBDEs across the Nation in 2009 March indicating that sound en and associated regulation have measurably condition improved coastal ecosystem Ethers A Report to the Nation (May 2008)

NOAA National Status & Trends Mussel Watch: A Partnership Program in nearly all of the MPAs known s become more efficient enabling s become more efficient enabling collected by collaborators. the current budget constraints: as the National Estuarine Research Reserves. Bay and Chesapeake Bay to be Partners are collecting samples along the US West Coast. Mussel Watch now has monitoring sites Discussions are underway for the US East coast areas of the Delware the program to continue under Through partnerships Mussel Watch ha Through ƒ ƒ ƒ PARTNERSHIPS

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NOAA National Status & Trends Mussel Watch: A Partnership Program NOAA National Status & Trends Mussel Watch: A Partnership Program

A Report to the Nation PBDEs: March 2009

1000

100 centration n ) Co ight) e w

y 10 99,100,153 , 7 4 g dr (ng/ PBDE

Σ( Danish Blue Mussel Mean 1

SOURCE: Christensen & Platz

Average Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2001 (3): 543-547 Southern Bight

0.1 M--CT M--DE M--NJ M--NY N--MA W--CA W--OR W--SCB W--WA

REGION -- STATE 1000000 10000000 100000 10000 1000 lifornia Bight Mussel Watch Sites Mussel lifornia Bight 0.3753022 Log(Population) Population within 20KM of Site 100 10 = 0.51 2 RMSE = 0.96 F Ratio = 56.55 P < 0.0001 N = 57 R Mean [PBDE] = -2.447514 + Mean [PBDE] 1 1 10

0.1 100

1000

(ng/g dry weight) dry (ng/g

47,99,100,153 Σ( ) Concentration ) PBDE Average Maroon symbols indicate Southern Ca symbols indicate Southern Maroon

NOAA National Status & Trends Mussel Watch: A Partnership Program NOAA National Status & Trends Program Data Management & Distribution

Web--enabled database

Map query to select data

Site description tool to learn more about the location sampled

Data plotting and analysis tools to compare sites and evaluate trends

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends Histological ods of the National Status and uscs: Update. Silver Spring, MD. MD. NOAA Technical Memorandums Ramirez, B. Wang, and J. M. Brooks. E.N. Powell. 2006. of the National Status and Trends Program: Status and Trends thods of the National NOS NCCOS 28. 17 pp. 17 pp. 28. NCCOS NOS Kim, Y., K.A. Ashton-Alcox, and Kimbrough, K. L., G. G. Lauenstein G. G. L., K. Kimbrough, 2006. (Editors). Johnson E. W. and Organic Contaminant Analytical Meth Springs, Silver 2000-2006 Update. Trends Program: Update 2000-2006. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NOS Memorandum Technical NOAA 2000-2006. Update Program: Trends NCCOS 30. 137 pp. Kimbrough, K. L. and G. G. Lauenstein, eds. (2006). Major and Trace Element Analytical Me Memorandum Technical NOAA MD. Spring, Silver 2000-2006. Program: 19 pp. 29, NCCOS NOS McDonald, S. J., D. S. Frank, J. A. Methods Ancillary 2006. Techniques for Marine Bivalve Moll Bivalve Marine for Techniques 76 pp. 27. NCCOS NOS Memorandum Technical NOAA FOUND AT: NSandT.NOAA.GOV Recent Method documents updates

NOAA National Status & Trends Mussel Watch: A Partnership Program Contact Information Dr. Gunnar Lauenstein Mussel Watch Program Manager 301.713.3028, ext 152

NOAA National Status & Trends Mussel Watch: A Partnership Program Mussel Watch Sampling and Financial History

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends Bivalve Sites and Stations Analyzed per Year

700 Begin biennial sampling

600 Sites Samples 500

400

300

200

100

0

0 2 8 0 991 1986 1987 1988 1989 199 1 199 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 199 1999 200 2001 2002 2003

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends Mussel Watch Bivalve and Sediment Samples per Year

900

End national End triplicate analyses 800 sediment sampling Sediment samples 700 Bivalve Samplessamples

600 Begin biennial sampling

500

400

300 Repeat national sediment analysis 200

100

0

87 90 93 94 97 01 9 9 1986 19 1988 1989 19 1991 1992 19 1 1995 1996 1 1998 1999 2000 20 2002 2003

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends Mussel Watch Funding

3000

2500 QA organics Sed. analyses dropped QA trace elements 2000 Specimen Bank One sample/site Mussel Watch 1500

1000

Dollars (x1000) Dollars Start biennial sampling

500

0

9 0 1 5 6 7 2 3 99 99 92 93 94 9 9 9 00 1985 1986 1987 1988 198 1 1 19 19 19 19 19 19 1998 1999 2000 2001 200 2 Year

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends NS&T Core Analytes: Butyltins

Monobutyltin Dibutyltin Tributyltin Tetrabutyltin

Butyltins added in 1988/1989

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends NS&T Core Analytes: Trace and Major Elements

Aluminum Mercury ◊ Antimony ◊ Nickel ◊□ Arsenic ◊ Selenium ◊ Cadmium ◊□ Silicon Chromium ◊ Silver ◊□ Copper ◊□ Thallium ◊ Iron Tin Lead ◊□ Zinc ◊□ Manganese

◊ Trace elements contained in the EPA Priority Pollutants List □ Trace elements quantified by both the NS&T Program and the earlier EPA Mussel Watch Program (1976-1978)

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends NS&T Core Analytes: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Low Molecular Weight High Molecular Weight Acenaphthene ◊ Benz[a]anthracene ◊ Acenaphthylene ◊ Benzo[a]pyrene ◊ Anthracene ◊ Benzo[e]pyrene ◊ Biphenyl Benzo[b]fluoranthene Benzo[k]fluoranthene ◊ 2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene Benzo[ghi]perylene ◊ ◊ Fluorene Chrysene ◊ 1-Methylnaphthalene Dibenz[a,h]anthracene ◊ 2-Methylnaphthalene Fluoranthene ◊ 1-Methylphenanthrene Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene ◊ ◊ Naphthalene Perylene ◊ Phenanthrene Pyrene ◊ 1,6,7-Trimethylnaphthalene

◊ PAHs contained in the EPA Priority Pollutants List

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends NS&T Core Analytes: Chlorinated Pesticides

Aldrin ◊ Hexachlorobenzene 2,4'-DDT Endrin ◊ Pentachlorobenzene 4,4'-DDT ◊ Dieldrin◊ 1,2,3,4-Tetrachlorobenzene Lindane (gamma-HCH) ◊ alpha- ◊ 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene alpha-HCH (cis-Chlordane) Pentachloroanisole beta-HCH gamma-chlordane Chlorpyrifos delta-HCH (trans-chlordane) 2,4'-DDD Mirex Oxychlordane 4,4'-DDD ◊ Endosulfan I ◊ cis-Nonachlor 2,4'-DDE Endosulfan II ◊ trans-Nonachlor 4,4'-DDE ◊ Endosulfan sulfate ◊ Heptachlor ◊ Heptachlor epoxide ◊

◊ Chlorinated pesticides contained in the EPA Priority Pollutants List Compounds added since 1993

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends NS&T Core Analytes: Polychlorinated Biphenyls

PCB Congener PCB Congener 2,4'-CL2 8/5 2,3',4',5-CL4 70 2,2',5-CL3 18 2,4,4',5-CL4 74 2,4,4'-CL3 28 2,2',3,4,5'-CL5 87 2,4',5-CL3 31 2,2',3,5',6-CL5 95 2,2',3,5'-CL4 44 2,2',4,4',5-CL5 99 2,2',3,6-CL4 45 2,2',4,5,5'-CL5 101/90 2,2',4,5'-CL4 49 2,3,3',4,4'-CL5 105 2,2',5,5'-CL4 52 2,3,3',4',6-CL5 110 2,3,3',4'-CL4 56 2,3',4,4',5-CL5 118 2,3',4,4'-CL4 66 2,2',3,3',4,4'-CL6 128

PCBs were added as core analytes in 1987 PCBs added for 2005

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends NS&T Core Analytes: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (cont.)

PCB Congener PCB Congener 2,2',3,4,4',5'-CL6 138 2,2',3,4,4',5,5'-CL7 180 2,2',3,4',5,5'-CL6 146 2,2',3,4,4',5',6-CL7 183 2,2',3,4',5',6-CL6 149 2,2',3,4',5,5',6-CL7 187 2,2',3,5,5',6-CL6 151 2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5'-CL8 194 2,2',4,4',5,5'-CL6 153/132/168 2,2',3,3',4,4',5,6-CL8 195/208 2,3,3',4,4',5-CL6 156 2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6-CL9 206 2,3,3',4,4',5'-CL6 157 Decachlorobiphenyl-CL10 209 2,3,3',4,4',6-CL6 158 2,2',3,3',4,4',5-CL7 170/190 2,2',3,3',4,5,6'-CL7 174

PCBs were added as core analytes in 1987 PCBs added for 2005

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends Additional NS&T Analytes: Alkylated Aromatic Hydrocarbons*

C1 - Naphthalenes Dibenzothiophene C2 - Naphthalenes C1 - Dibenzothiophenes C3 - Naphthalenes C2 - Dibenzothiophenes C4 - Naphthalenes C3 - Dibenzothiophenes C1 - Fluorenes C1 - Fluoranthene + pyrenes C2 - Fluorenes C1 - Chrysenes C3 - Fluorenes C2 - Chrysenes C1 - Phenanthrenes + anthracene C3 - Chrysenes C2 - Phenanthrenes + anthracene C4 - Chrysenes C3 - Phenanthrenes + anthracene Retene (methyl isopropyl phenanthrene) C4 - Phenanthrenes + anthracene

* Presence is indicative of petroleum hydrocarbon source Alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons analyzed occasionally since 1991

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends Emerging Contaminants: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers*

• Widely used as flame retardant chemicals, analogous to PCBs in structure • Increasing concentrations in the environment • Released into the environment slowly, and tend to persist in sediment and soils • PBDEs disrupt thyroid hormones; neurobehavioral effects; reproductive impairment

PBDE Congener PBDE Congener 2-MonoBDE 1 2,3',4-TriBDE 25 3-MonoBDE 2 2,4,4'-TriBDE 28 4-MonoBDE 3 2,4,6-TriBDE 30 2,4-DiBDE 7 2,4',6-TriBDE 32 2,4'-DiBDE/3,3'-DiBDE 8/11 2',3,4-TriBDE 33 2,6-DiBDE 10 3,3',4-TriBDE 35 3,4-DiBDE 12 37 (3,4,4'-TriBDE 37 3,4'-DiBDE 13 2,2',4,4'-TetraBDE 47 4,4'-DiBDE 15 2,2',4,5'-TetraBDE 49 2,2',4-TriBDE 17 2,3',4,4'-TetraBDE 66

* NS&T has measured PBDEs in in 2004 bivalve samples

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends Emerging Contaminants: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (cont.)

PBDE Congener PBDE Congener 2,3',4',6-TetraBDE 71 2,2',3,4,4',5'-HexaBDE 138 2,4,4',6-TetraBDE 75 2,2',4,4',5,5'-HexaBDE 153 3,3',4,4'-TetraBDE 77 2,2',4,4',5,6'-HexaBDE 154 2,2',3,4,4'-PentaBDE 85 2,2',4,4',6,6'-HexaBDE 155 2,2',4,4',5-PentaBDE 99 2,3,4,4',5,6-HexaBDE 166 2,2',4,4',6-PentaBDE 100 2,2',3,4,4',5,6-HeptaBDE 181 2,3,4,5,6-PentaBDE 116 2,2',3,4,4',5',6-HeptaBDE 183 2,3',4,4',5-PentaBDE 118 2,3,3',4,4',5,6-HeptaBDE 190 2,3',4,4',6-PentaBDE 119 Deca-BDE 209 3,3',4,4',5-PentaBDE 126

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment | Coastal & Oceanographic Assessment, Status and Trends