Thai J. For. 35 (3) : 15-29 (2016) ªµ¦­µ¦ªœ«µ­˜¦Í 31 (1) : 1-8 (2556)

Original article

A Survey of Riparian Species in the Bodhivijjalaya College’s Forest, Srinakharinwirot University, Sa Kaeo

Boontida Moungsrimuangdee* Thonyaporn Nawajongpan

Bodhivijjalaya College, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok, 10110 *Corresponding Author, E-mail: [email protected]

Received: Oct 30, 2015 Accepted: Jan 11, 2016

ABSTRACT

The riparian forests along the Phra Prong Canal act as a buffer to protect the freshwater environment from disturbances on the adjacent land. However, degradation of riparian forests has occurred throughout the area. Data on species composition is needed for riparian restoration and management. This study investigated all vegetation types in the riparian buffers along the 3KUD3URQJ&DQDO.QRZLQJWKHFRPSOH[LW\RIWKHYHJHWDWLRQVWUXFWXUHLVEHQH¿FLDOIRUSODQQLQJ and designing riparian reforestation in this canal. The survey of vegetation was conducted in the Bodhivijjalaya College Forest as a UHSUHVHQWDWLYHVDPSOHRIWKHULSDULDQIRUHVWEXIIHUDORQJWKH3KUD3URQJ&DQDO7KHUHVXOWVLGHQWL¿HG 92 riparian species belonging to 45 families. They were FODVVL¿HGLQWRIRXUJURXSVFRQVLVWLQJRI GLFRW\OHGRQVPRQRFRW\OHGRQVJ\PQRVSHUPDQGIHUQ6HYHUDOPHPEHUVLQWKHIDPLOLHV Annonaceae, Apocynaceae, Fabaceae, Phyllanthaceae, and Moraceae were dominant in this forest. Most riparian species were climbers, trees and shrubs among other life forms. The climbers commonly found in this area were: Blume, Parameria laevigata -XVV 0ROGHQNH Oxystelma esculentum /I 6PTarlmounia elliptica '& +5RE6&.HHOH\6NYDULD & R. Chan, and Combretum latifolium Blume. Among the collected trees were: Hydnocarpus anthelminthicus3LHUUHH[/DQHVV pinnata Roxb., magna /RXU '& odorata Roxb., alatus5R[EH[*'RQDQGStreblus asper/RXU7KHXQGHUJURZWK consisting of shrubby trees, shrub and herbaceous included: Polyalthia suberosa 5R[E  Thwaites, Tabernaemontana bufalina/RXUConnarus cochinchinensis %DLOO 3LHUUHGmelina asiatica /Antidesma acidum Retz., Allophylus cobbe / 5DHXVFKLasia spinosa / 7KZDLWHV Commelina sp., and Merremia hederacea %XUPI +DOOLHUI7KHJ\PQRVSHUPIRXQGLQWKLVVWXG\ was Gnetum montanum Markgr. Status, uses, and pharmaceutical and phytochemical activities of the collected riparian species were also reviewed.

Keywords: Survey, Riparian Species, Bodhivijjalaya College Forest, Sa Kaeo 16 Thai J. For. 35 (3) : 15-29 (2016)

INTRODUCTION from potent disturbances. Many studies have recommended planting native species in riparian Riparian forests are the areas between EXIIHUV 0DLWODQGet al.LQJHU\ terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. These Schultz et al., 2004). However, information on ecosystems provide a unique microclimate the species composition in the riparian forests for and animal diversity. Moreover, is lacking in this area. As our previous work they act as a buffer to protect the freshwater focused only on trees with a diameter size of 4.5 environment from disturbance by agricultural FPXSZDUG 0RXQJVULPXDQJGHHet al., 2015), activities on the adjacent land. Many reports the present study investigated all vegetation have demonstrated that vegetation within the types, such as herbaceous, shrub, tree, and ULSDULDQEXIIHULVFRQVLGHUHGWR¿OWHUVHGLPHQWV climber, in the riparian buffers along the Phra and reduce soil erosion, to protect the water Prong Canal. Knowing the complexity of the quality, and maintain the habitat structural YHJHWDWLRQVWUXFWXUHLVEHQH¿FLDOIRUSODQQLQJ diversity, and to provide ecological integrity and designing riparian reforestation along this %URDGPHDGRZDQG1LVEHW6FKXOW]et canal. al*XQGHUVHQet al., 2010; Bain et al., 2012). MATERIALS AND METHODS The Phra Prong Canal is an important ZDWHUZD\RI:DWWKDQD1DNKRQDQG0XDQJ Study area districts in Sa Kaeo province. Indeed, the The study was conducted in the river has served as a water supply for many %RGKLYLMMDOD\D&ROOHJH)RUHVW ž¶´ N households living along the banks and also ž 22’ 42” E) as a representative sample of for the irrigation of agricultural crops, namely riparian forest buffers along the Phra Prong rice, cassava, sugar cane and rubber, among Canal, which originates from the Phra Prong others. The presence of vegetation assures Dam located in the mountains of the Pang stabilization and regulation of soil and water Sri Da National Park. The length of the Phra in the riparian ecosystem; however, in the Prong Canal is about 176 km, passing through Phra Prong Canal, the degradation of riparian :DWWKDQD1DNKRQDQG0XDQJGLVWULFWV6D.DHR forests is continually increasing throughout province. The elevation ranges from 50 to 100 the area. Our previous study indicated that m above msl. The soil properties are clay to riparian forest cover along the Phra Prong sandy loam with a pH of 4.76 and organic Canal had consistently decreased. Those PDWWHURI 0RXQJVULPXDQJGHHet al., forest areas have been replaced by agricultural 2015). Online meteorological data were freely land and clear-cutting for irrigation systems accessed from the Bodhivijjalaya College, 0RXQJVULPXDQJGHHet al., 2015). Thus, :DWWKDQD1DNKRQGLVWULFWZHDWKHUVWDWLRQ restoration of riparian forests is needed to belonging to the National Electronics and help protect the freshwater environment Computer Technology Center (http://agritronics. Thai J. For. 35 (3) : 15-29 (2016) 17 nstda.or.th). The average temperature was 27 found in this area were: Uvaria rufa Blume, ž&ZLWKUHODWLYHKXPLGLW\DQGPP Parameria laevigata -XVV 0ROGHQNH DQQXDOUDLQIDOOLQ± Oxystelma esculentum /I 6PTarlmounia Data collection and analysis elliptica '& +5RE6&.HHOH\6NYDULD The survey of plant diversity was & R. Chan, Combretum latifolium Blume, performed in the riparian forest located Acacia megalagena Desv. var. indo-chinensis along the east side of Bodhivijjalaya College, I. C. Nielsen, Ventilago harmandiana Pierre, Srinakharinwirot University, Sa Kaeo Campus. Poikilospermum suaveolens %OXPH 0HUU The area has been established as a Demonstration and Ampelocissus sp. Among the tree species 5LSDULDQ)RUHVW/HDUQLQJDQG5HVHDUFK&HQWHU were: Hydnocarpus anthelminthicus Pierre Many vegetation types have been observed H[/DQHVVGaruga pinnata Roxb., Crateva along the stream line over a distance of 7 km magna /RXU '&Hopea odorata Roxb., LQDEHOW±PIURPWKHEDQNV7KHVWXG\ Dipterocarpus alatus5R[EH[*'RQ was performed at least once every month Streblus asper/RXU globularia from February to June, 2015 in an attempt to /DP :DUENauclea orientalis / / and Xanthophyllum lanceatum J. J. Sm. The REWDLQÀRZHUDQGIUXLWVDPSOHV+HUEDULXP undergrowth consisted of shrubby trees, shrubs VSHFLPHQVZHUHFROOHFWHGIRULGHQWL¿FDWLRQ and herbaceous plants including: Polyalthia DQGYHUL¿FDWLRQ7KHULSDULDQVSHFLHVZHUH suberosa 5R[E 7KZDLWHVTabernaemontana LGHQWL¿HGLQWKHODERUDWRU\RI%RGKLYLMMDOD\D bufalina/RXUConnarus cochinchinensis College, Srinakharinwirot University. Taxonomic %DLOO 3LHUUHGmelina asiatica /Antidesma nomenclature and life forms followed Pooma acidum Retz., Allophylus cobbe / 5DHXVFK DQG6XGGHH   Lasia spinosa / 7KZDLWHVCommelina sp., and Merremia hederacea %XUPI +DOOLHU RESULTS AND DISCUSSION f. The gymnosperm found in this study was  7KHVXUYH\LGHQWL¿HGULSDULDQ Gnetum montanum Markgr. This species was species, which were FODVVL¿HGLQWRIRXU also reported in the riparian forest along the JURXSVFRQVLVWLQJRIGLFRW\OHGRQV 6RN&DQDO6XUDW7KDQLSURYLQFH .RQJLHG monocotyledons, 1 gymnosperm, and 1 fern et al., 2011). belonging to 45 families as shown in Table 1. Research on the effectiveness of Several members in the families Annonaceae, medicinal plants has been widely conducted. A Apocynaceae, Fabaceae, Phyllanthaceae, and review of the status, uses, and pharmaceutical Moraceae were dominant in this forest. and phytochemical activities of some riparian From Table 1, most riparian species species was accessed and the results are were climbers, trees, and shrubs among shown in Table 1. The collected species that other life forms. The climbers commonly have been categorized as threatened in The  Thai J. For. 35 (3) : 15-29 (2016)

,8&15HG/LVWZHUHLasia spinosa / 7KZDLWHV For example, fractions of the root and stem Hopea odorata Roxb., Homonoia riparia/RXU of Derris scandens 5R[E %HQWKKDGVWURQJ and Gnetum montanum Markgr. Many species antibacterial effect against Bacillus megaterium, ZHUHIRXQGWREHXVHGDVYHJHWDEOHV Diplazium JRRGDQWLDOJDO Chlorella fusca), and antifungal esculentum 5HW] 6ZLasia spinosa /  Microbotryum violaceum SURSHUWLHV +XVVDLQ Thwaites, Tiliacora triandra &ROHEU 'LHOV et al., 2015). Moreover, a clinical study also and Oxystelma esculentum /I 6P IUXLWV showed that ethanol extraction of D. scandens Hymenocardia punctata :DOOH[/LQGO VWHPVFRXOGVLJQL¿FDQWO\GHFUHDVHORZEDFNSDLQ *DHUWQNephelium in patients in Sa Kaeo province similar to the hypoleucum Kruz, and Ampelocissus sp.), HI¿FDF\RIWKHGUXJ'LFORIHQDF 6ULPRQJNRO DQGRUQDPHQWDOV Tabernaemontana bufalina et al., 2007). Sphenodesme pentandra Jack has /RXU, and Oxyceros horridus /RXU 6HYHUDO been found to be a host plant of Cladomyrma species have been shown to be a source of sirindhornae, a new species from Thailand DQWLPLFURELDODQWLLQÀDPPDWRU\DQWLR[LGDQW -DLWURQJet al., 2013). Study of the relationship and antidiabetic value among other activities. between this ant and its host plant is underway. Thai J. For. 35 (3) : 15-29 (2016) 19 , et et al. , 2011) et al. , 2013) , 2014)  et al. et al. et al. , 2012) $QWLPLFURELDODFWLYLW\ $PLW Status/Uses/ Pharmaceutical assays/ Phytochemistry al. $QWLLQÀDPPDWRU\DQDOJHVLFDQG DQWLS\UHWLFDFWLYLWLHV -DQWKDUDQJNXO 2007) Anti-Rhizoctonia solani activity 3ORGSDL XVHGDVDERUWLIDFLHQW 0DKDSDWUD 7KDQJ $QWLWXEHUFXORVLVDFWLYLW\ 0DFDEHR %DULN 2012) C activity in root extract Antidiabetic Thai name Life form* Phak kut khao TerFKrabao namRak khao Edible fern yaoTam T Prong kio T ST/T -S S Sai yut-C -T CKlueng klom Ornamental S/STPhi phuan noi Edible ripe fruits, decoction of root CKhruea sai tan Essential oil from leaf and stem barks - C Khruea pla song daeng C Ornamental 3LHUUHH[/DQHVV )LQHW *DJQHS Engl. 5R[E '- / :7$LWRQ 5HW] 6Z 5R[E 7KZDLWHV /RXU sp. sp. Blume sp. sp. 6FLHQWL¿FQDPH Diplazium esculentum Hydnocarpus anthelminthicus Semecarpus cochinchinensis Alphonsea sp. Dasymaschalon lomentaceum Dasymaschalon Desmos chinensis Desmos Goniothalamus Polyalthia suberosa Uvaria rufa marginatum Middleton Hoya Ichnocarpus frutescens Sa Kaeo province. Forest, Srinakharinwirot University, Riparian species in the Bodhivijjalaya College’s 34 Anacardiaceae Annonaceae 2 Achariaceae 1 Athyriaceae 5 Apocynaceae No. Family name Table 1 20 Thai J. For. 35 (3) : 15-29 (2016) , et , et al. et al. ., 2011) et al , 2006), antioxidant ., 2007) et al et al.  DQGDQWLXOFHU 6DFKDQ et al. , 2012) , 2014) activities in bark extract Status/Uses/ Pharmaceutical assays/ Phytochemistry $QWLPLFURELDODQGDQWLR[LGDQWDFWLYLW\ 6XOD\PDQ 2015) and Touqeer, $QWLGLDEHWLF 6KLUZDLNDU 7KXSXUDQL 6RXUFHRISXOSLQJ -DKDQ $QWLR[LGDQWDQGDQWLEDFWHULDODFWLYLWLHV 8GGLQ  %LRSHVWLFLGHV $GHVLQDDQG$IRODEL ,8&15HG/LVWRI7KUHDWHQHG6SHFLHV *XSWD Edible leaves and rhizomes $QWLQRFLFHSWLYHDFWLYLW\LQOHDIH[WUDFW *RVKZDQL et al. 2011) Edible young shoot Antimicrobial and lipid peroxidation 5DUHHFRQRPLF,QGLDQFOLPEHU %XUDJRKLDQ al. &RWWRQG\HLQJIURPVWHPH[WUDFW &KDLUDW 2015) $QWLS\UHWLFDFWLYLW\ &KLGDPEDUDP Mok ban S Ornamental Thai name Life form* Phrik nai phranThao wan daeng ST C Phak nam Ornamental -C H khram Ta Phang rae yai T ST Khruea khao muak C Chamuk pla lot C Phak plap H ChingchiUat chueak S/ST C Kum num T Decne.

/RXU DC. DC.

Blume  /I 6P -XVV 0ROGHQNH %OXPH  '& +5RE6& 7HLMVP %LQQ %HQWK / %OXPH Roxb. /RXU / 7KZDLWHV sp. religiosa religiosa ex Kurz 6FLHQWL¿FQDPH Oxystelma esculentum Tabernaemontana bufalina Tabernaemontana villosus Toxocarpus Wrightia Lasia spinosa elliptica Tarlmounia Skvaria & R. Chan Keeley, Garuga pinnata orientalis Trema Commelina micracantha Parameria laevigata Combretum latifolium Combretum Crateva magna Continued Commelinaceae 6 Araceae  7 Asteraceae 9 Cannabaceae 11 Combretaceae 10 12 No. Family name Table 1 Thai J. For. 35 (3) : 15-29 (2016) 21 , 2007) -DLWURQJ , 2013) et al. et al. ., 2015) ., 2014) et al Cladomyrma sirindhornae et al , 2013) Status/Uses/ Pharmaceutical assays/ Phytochemistry 7KH,8&15HG/LVWRI7KUHDWHQHG6SHFLHV %DORFK 7KH,8&15HG/LVWRI7KUHDWHQHG6SHFLHV $VKWRQ $QWLLQÀDPPDWRU\

H[*

0LT  %DLOO  Jack Roxb. %XUPI  / GH:LW Desv. var. var. Desv. 5R[E %HQWK Markgr.  )LQHW *DJQHS  /RXU '&VXEVS *DJQHS $GHPD /RXU / Roxb.  / :LOOG scandens sp. cf. 6FLHQWL¿FQDPH Connarus cochinchinensis Pierre hederacea Merremia Hallier f. loureireii Tetracera Pierre ex Craib alatus Dipterocarpus Don Hopea odorata Homonoia riparia Acacia megaladena indo-chinensis I. C. Nielsen Acacia pennata Lasiobema scandens Paraderris laotica Peltophorum dasyrrhachis Gnetum montanum Kurz Gmelina asiatica Bauhinia coccinea Derris coccinea Acacia Sphenodesme pentandra *QHWDFHDH /DPLDFHDH Euphorbiaceae Continued 13 Connaraceae 14 Convolvulaceae 1516 Cucurbitaceae Dilleniaceae 17 Unknown 1 C 20 21  19 Fabaceae No. Family name Table 1 22 Thai J. For. 35 (3) : 15-29 (2016) et , 2001) et al. , 2011) ., 2013) et al. et al  Antiulcer and antioxidant activity 6DWKLVK 7KH,8&15HG/LVWRI7KUHDWHQHG 6SHFLHV :RUOG&RQVHUYDWLRQ 0RQLWRULQJ&HQWUH 9HJHWDEOH $QWLPDODULDODFWLYLW\ 3DYDQDQG al. 6KDQPXJDUDMDQDQG'HYDNL Antidiabetic activity from stem bark 5DQD H[WUDFW :RQJNKDP Status/Uses/ Pharmaceutical assays/Phytochemistry S T :DH Ka thok rok ExC Edible ripe fruits /XHDWUDHW Hat T -T Salot namMa duea plong ST CrS Antioxidant from leaf extract Ma duea u thum phon T Edible fruits Thao ya nang C Khoi T activity from leaf Antimicrobial Fi mopChiat-PaS baek naTa Po phranPhlap phlaKhlum H Phlong khi khwai T T T S S T Thai name Life form*

Nees Jack

Jack Sm.

Roxb. ex Buch. - Ham. Reinw. ex Blume Reinw. *)RUVWHU .6FKXP /I 'HVI &UDLE /DP :DUE &ROHEU 'LHOV &UDLE 0HUU /03HUU\ / Blume / /RXU /I 3DVVLÀRUDIRHWLGD Syzygium ripicola Knema globularia Artocarpus lacucha Ficus callophylla Ficus heterophylla Ficus hispida Ficus racemosa Streblus asper Streblus Beilschmiedia roxburghiana Beilschmiedia roxburghiana Cinnamomum iners Loranthus sp. /DJHUVWURHPLDÀRULEXQGD Colona auriculata tomentosa Microcos Donax canniformis Memecylon caeruleum triandra Tiliacora 6FLHQWL¿FQDPH Continued 3DVVLÀRUDFHDH /DXUDFHDH /RUDQWKDFHDH /\WKUDFHDH Menispermaceace 32 31 Myrtaceae 30 29 Moraceae 22 23 24 25 Malvaceae 26 Marantaceae 27 Melastomataceae  No. Family name Table 1 Thai J. For. 35 (3) : 15-29 (2016) 23 et , 2010) et al. ., 2012) et al assays/Phytochemistry ., 2004) Status/Uses/ Pharmaceutical ., 2011) H[WUDFW 1HHKDULND $QWL±VWDSK\ORFRFFDODFWLYLW\ &UX] and Jubilo, 2014) 6RUQSUDVHUW $QWLLQÀDPPDWRU\DFWLYLW\ 3DQWKRQJ et al 6RXUFHRIDQWKRF\DQLQ 6UHHQLYDV al ST

Chiang phra nang ae T activity from bark Antimicrobial Khoei taiKruai pa S/ST T Kra thum naKhi minKhut khao khruea S/ST Khrop chakkrawan ScanS T Ornamental S Kan lueang T Kong kaep C activitity from leaf extract Antifungal Ta khrong Ta Khruea plok C Thai name Life form* Chumsaeng ST Ma cham kong S/ST -ST Ueang kulap phuang EO Ornamental Ma fai paKhram-namSiao phi S/ST T Edible ripe fruits C/ScanS Ma ka khrueaFaep nam ScanS/ST S/T Edible fruits Mao soi S/ST Edible ripe fruits Mao khai pla S/T Edible ripe fruits

. J. Sm.

*DHUWQ :DOOH[/LQGO Pierre 5HW] '& :DOOH[*'RQ +DYLO Blume Pierre .XQW]H &UDLE :LOOG /RXU 9HQW 5HW] 9DKO /RXU 0HUU 3LHUUHH[3LW 0HUU &KXQ /RXU / / Retz. Hook. f / %OXPH /LQGO 3D[WRQ 'HQQVW $OVWRQ Casearia grewiifolia Casearia grewiifolia Carallia brachiata Glycosmis pentaphylla diversifolia 1DXFOHDRI¿FLQDOLV Nauclea orientalis horridus Oxyceros Xantonnea parvifolia cambodiana Ventilago harmandiana Ventilago 6FLHQWL¿FQDPH sanguinolenta Ardisia denticulata Ventilago Xanthophyllum lanceatum %DFFDXUHDUDPLÀRUD Aerides falcata Breynia retusa retusa Breynia Bridelia stipularis Jasminum scandens Hymenocardia punctata Hymenocardia Antidesma acidum Antidesma ghaesembilla Aporosa walliichii Aporosa Continued 42 Salicaceae 39 Rhizophoraceae 41 Rutaceae 40 37 Primulaceae  36 Polygalaceae 35 Orchidaceae 34 Oleaceae 33 Phyllanthaceae No. Family name Table 1 24 Thai J. For. 35 (3) : 15-29 (2016) sitic Shrub, S = , 2012) et al. Status/Uses/ Pharmaceutical assays/Phytochemistry ,VODP Kho laenKha man Som kungKhruea khao nam T C C Edible ripe fruits C Edible ripe fruits Thai name Life form* To saiTo Ma huat S S/ST Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity Edible ripe fruits %OXPH 0HUU Kruz 5R[E /HHQK / 5DHXVFK sp. sp. Poikilospermum suaveolens Unknown 2Ampelocissus Tetrastigma C 6FLHQWL¿FQDPH Allophylus cobbe Lepisanthes rubiginosa Nephelium hypoleucum PaS = Para EO = Epiphytic Orchid, H Herb, HC Herbaceous Climber, CrS = Creeping Shrub, ExC Exotic Climber, *C = Climber, Continued 9LWDFHDH 44 Urticaceae 45 43 Sapindaceae No. Family name Table 1 Remarks: Fern Terrestrial = TerF Tree, = T Tree, = Shrubby ScanS = Scandent Shrub, ST Thai J. For. 35 (3) : 15-29 (2016) 25

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&KDLUDW0-%%UHPQHU66DPRVRUQ: +XVVDLQ+$/+DUUDVL..URKQ6) 6DMRPVDQJ:&KRQJNUDLMDNDQG$ .RXDP*$EEDV$6KDK0$ Saisara. 2015. Effects of additives on Raees, R. Ullah, S. Aziz and B. Schulz. the dyeing of cotton yarn with the 2015. Phytochemical investigation aqueous extract of Combretum latifolium and antimicrobial activity of Derris Blume stems. Coloration Technology scandens. Journal of King Saud    University - Science  Chidambaram, K., J. Albert, K. Karpagam and Islam, Md. T., Md. A. Noor, B Karon and R. S. Noohu. 2011. Antipyretic activity M. Freitas. 2012. In vitro antimicrobial of Crateva magna bark on tab-vaccine and brine shrimp lethality of Allophylus induced pyrexia. International Journal cobbe/An International Quarterly Pharmaceutical Sciences and Journal of Research in Ayurveda   ± Research   Jahan, M. S., A. Rubaiyat and R. Sabina. 2007. Cruz, J. P. and R. M. M. Jubilo. 2014. Evaluation Evaluation of cooking processes for of the anti-staphylococcal activity of Trema orientalis pulping. Journal Nauclea orientalis/LQQEuropean RI6FLHQWL¿F ,QGXVWULDO5HVHDUFK 6FLHQWL¿F-RXUQDO    *RVKZDQL'0G05DKPDQ0G$0XKLW -DLWURQJ:./DHGSUDWKRPDQG6

.RQJLHG.&/HHUDWLZRQJDQG36DZDQJFKRWH 0RXQJVULPXDQJGHH%:.DQLQ3/DUSNHUQ 2011. The diversity of seed plants in and S. Kosuwan. 2015. Species diversity the riparian forest along the Sok Canal, and forest cover changes of Khlong Surat Thani province. Thai Journal Phra Prong, Sa Kaeo province, pp. of Botany   LQ7KDL In Proceeding of Thai Forest Kumar, B. 2013. Homonoia riparia. The IUCN Ecological Research Network Red List of Threatened Species 2013: (T-Fern): Ecological Knowledge for e.T176888A7325105. Available source: Sustainable Management. 22-23 http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN. January, 2015. Naresuan University, 8.5/767$ 3KLWVDQXORN LQ7KDL en., October 1, 2015. 1HHKDULND9%.ULVKQDYHQL76ZHWKD3 Kumar, A., T. Selvan, P. Saha, A. Islam, U. K. ./DNVKPLDQG5%0DGKDYD 0D]XPGHUDQG0*XSWD Antimicrobial activity of Carallia Antimicrobial and lipid peroxidation brachiata. An International Journal inhibition activity of Oxystelma of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1: 1-5. esculentum $VFOHSLDGDFHDH Oriental Panthong, A., D. Kanjanapothi, T. Taesotikul, Pharmacy and Experimental A. Phankummoon, K. Panthong and Medicine   95HXWUDNXO$QWLLQÀDPPDWRU\ 0DFDEHR$3)$7XGOD..URKQDQG6* activity of methanolic extracts from Franzblau. 2012. Antitubercular Ventilago harmandiana Pierre. Journal activity of the semi-polar extractives of Ethnopharmacology± of Uvaria rufa. $VLDQ3DFL¿F-RXUQDO 3DWLO56$**RGJKDWHDQG566DZDQW of Tropical Medicine   2014. Phytochemicals & antimicrobial Mahapatra, A.K., S. Mishra, U. C. Barak and activity of leaves of Homonoia riparia P. C. Panda. 2012. Nutrient analysis /International Journal of Pharma of some selected wild edible fruits of and Bio Sciences  ± deciduous forests of : an explorative 3DYDQDQG.+.:HEVWHU.

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7KDQJ7'+9/XX117XDQ1+ :RQJNKDP63/DXSDWWDUDNDVDHP. Hang, D. N. Dai and I. A. Ogunwande. Pienthaweechai, P. Areejitranusorn, 2014. Constituents of essential oils &:RQJNKDPDQG77HFKDQLWLVZDG from the leaves and stem barks of 2001. Antimicrobial activity of Streblus Uvaria rufa and Uvaria cordata asper leaf extract. Phytotherapy $QQRQDFHDH  IURP9LHWQDP Journal Research   of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 17 :RUOG&RQVHUYDWLRQ0RQLWRULQJ&HQWUH Knema globularia. The IUCN Red   List of Threatened Species 1998: Thupurani, M. K., P. N. Reddy, A. Thirupathaiah, e.T34546A9875073. Available source: M. A. S. Charya and D. Shiva. 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN. In vitro determination of anti-oxidant 8.5/767$ activities of Garuga pinnata Roxb. en., October 1, 2015. International Journal of Medicinal