TRANSACTIONS OF TH E WOOLHOPE NATURALISTS' FIELD CLUB HEREFORDSHIRE %,‘ la A L, z • "HOPE ON" oa- rm "HOPE EVER" • • 1851 ESTABLISHED 1851 VOLUME XLVIII 1995 PART II TRANSACTIONS OF THE WOOLHOPE NATURALISTS' FIELD CLUB HEREFORDSHIRE * A "HOPE ON" 11111011111111111111111 -HOPE EVER" ESTABLISHED 1851 VOLUME XLVIII 1995 PART II TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Proceedings, 1995 179 Obituary - Richard Kay - - 192 Some Connected Thoughts on the Parks and Gardens of Herefordshire before the Age of Landscape Gardening, by D. A. Whitehead 193 Report on the excavation of Huntsham Romano-British Villa and Iron Age Enclosure 1959-1970, by Elizabeth Taylor 224 Two Herefordshire Minsters, by J. W. King. - 282 A Grant of the Manor of Kingstone, by B. Coplestone-Crow 295 The Mort mers of Wigmore 1282-1330, by Charles Hopkinson 303 Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club 1995 CO 1998 Archaeological and Historical Investigations at 9-19 Widemarsh Street and 41-43 Bewell Street, Hereford, by Richard Stone - 335 All contributions to The Woolhope Transactions are COPYRIGHT. None of them may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the writers. Applications to reproduce contributions, in whole or in part, should be addressed in the first instance, to the editor whose address is given in the LIST OF OFFICERS. REPORTS OF SECTIONAL RECORDERS The Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club is not responsible for any statement made, or opinion expressed, in these Transactions; the authors alone are responsible for their Archaeology, 1995, by R. Shoesmith - 346 own papers and reports. Botany, 1995, by P. Thomson using records held by the B.S.B.I. Recorder for Herefordshire - 350 Buildings, 1995, by J. W. Tonkin - 353 Geology, 1995, by P. Cross 363 Herefordshire Field-Names, 1995, by G. Sprackling 364 Industrial Archaeology, 1995, by J. van Laun 366 Ornithology, 1995, by Beryl Harding 368 City of Hereford, Conservation Area Advisory Committee, 1995, by Jean O'Donnell - 372 Archaeological Research Section, 1995, by Members of the Committee - 374 Natural History Section, 1995, by Beryl Harding - 379 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 7 Rotherwas Park on Dinedor Hill, near Hereford, A sketch plan by the author in 1980 207 Page Parks and Gardens of Herefordshire 8 A sketch plan of the precincts of Aconbury Priory drawn by the author in 1980 210 Pl. XXII A view c.1980 across the great pool at Bredwardine 9 An extract from Taylor's plan of Hereford in 1757 showing XXIII Moccas Park looking across Lawn Pool in November 1993 the Priory with its long garden 211 XXIV Brampton Bryan Park in September 1995 looking N.W. 10 Sir Thomas Coningsby's town house and hospital (20) on XXV The garden moat at Lower Brockhampton Buck's North East Prospect of the City of Hereford (1732) 212 Photographed in 1990 from the S.W. 11 A page of the garden accounts for Holme Lacy (1640) 218 XXVI Summer-house built of medieval fragments at Huntsham Romano-British Villa Wigmore Abbey, photographed c.1975 Pl. XXXIII Huntsham villa site 1956 (W. A. Baker) XXVII The new house at Wormesley Grange, photographed c.1974 XXXIV Huntsham showing Iron Age enclosures 1989 XXVIII Rowland Vaughan's 'commonwealth' in the Golden Valley from the 1897 edition of His Booke XXXV Huntsham. Main Building from the W. XXIX Earthworks adjoining the Slough Brook below the XXXV I Huntsham. Main Building looking S. White House, photographed c.1976 XXXVII Huntsham Aisled Barn. Looking E. from S.W. Corner XXX Freen's Court and its water garden depicted on XXXVIII Huntsham Aisled Barn. Looking S. Lord Coningsby's map of c.1720 XXXIX Huntsham Aisled Barn. Looking W. XXXI Winter flood water from the river Lugg filling the Fig. 1 Location and Site Plan of the excavated buildings remaining ponds at Freen's Court in c.1980 showing the two enclosures seen as cropmarks Pl. XXXIV 227 XXXII A water-colour of c.1800 showing the remains of the late 2 Section of Enclosure A trench 227 17th-century formal gardens at Holme Lacy 3 Plan of Main Building G 229 Fig. I The historic parks and gardens of Hereford and Worcester 237 from The Landscape (1990) 194 4 Plan of Smaller House D 2 Part of the 1904 6 in. plan of the city of Hereford showing 5 Plan of Aisled Barn E 241 Row Ditch enclosing the Kingsorchard beyond the Wye 198 6 Section X-X of flue in the Aisled Barn 243 3 Plan from R. C. H. M., I (1931), 159 showing the garden 7 Plan of Gateway Buildings showing connection with enclosure and the adjoining lake below and to the W. of the Room 3 of the Main Buildings 248 castle mound at Kilpeck 200 8 ENCLOSURE A: 1-2 'Native' series. MAIN BUILDING: 4 Bronsil Castle depicted in 1904 on the 6 in. O.S. plan 4 Moselle; 7-19 Oxfordshire; 20-2 Black Burnished 258 showing the raised walks to the N. and E. of the moat, 9 MAIN BUILDING: 23-32 Black Burnished; 34-7 Calcite the remains of a water garden in Simball Wood and a Gritted; 38-9 Severn Valley 261 possible tournament close 203 10 MAIN BUILDING: 40-9 Severn Valley; 5 Plan of Brampton Bryan Park from the 1904 6 in. O.S. map 204 50-4 Miscellaneous fabrics 262 6 Plan of Lower Brockhampton from the 1885 6 in. O.S. map 11 MAIN BUILDING: 55 Miscellaneous; 56 Amphora. showing the small garden moat adjoining the larger PRECINCT WALL: 57 Moselle; 61-4 Oxfordshire; homestead moat 205 65-9 Black Burnished; 70-4 Severn Valley 264 12 PRECINCT WALL: 75-7 Severn Valley; 78-9 Miscellaneous. LIST OF OFFICERS SMALLER HOUSE: 81-3 Black Burnished; 84-90 Finewares; 94-6 Oxfordshire; 97-102 Black Burnished; 105 Severn Valley 266 1994-95 13 SMALLER HOUSE: 103 Black Burnished; 104 Severn Valley. AISLED BARN: 111-7 Black Burnished; 118-23 Severn Valley; 124-6 Miscelleaneous 268 President Mrs. M. TONKIN 14 SMALL FINDS: no.l. Hunting spear, (p. 274), drawing by Mrs. M. E. Cox reproduced from Journal of Roman Studies 51 President-elect Mrs. J. E. O'DONNELL (1961); no.2. Cylindrical clear glass vessel, (p. 273); nos. 3-15. Bronze small-finds (p. 276); nos. 16-7. Bronze-smith's crucibles, Vice-presidents Mr. D. A. WHITEHEAD (p. 278); no. 18. Apothecary's palette, (p. 278); no. 19. Sketch by Dr. J. C. EISEL G. C. Boon of the palette and container. (not to scale), (p. 278); Mr. G. REES no. 20. Lead weight ? (p. 278). 275 Mrs. R. E. RICHARDSON Two Herefordshire Minsters Central Committee Plan 1 Ledbury Parochia 284 Mr. C. E. ATTFIELD, Mrs. B. HARDING, Mr. R. C. PERRY, Mr. P. THOMSON 2 Stoke Edith Parochia 288 ( to retire 1996); Mr. J. G. HILLABY, Miss J. R. JONSON, Mrs. J. E. O'DONNELL, The Mortimers of Wigmore 1282-1330 Mr. A. J. REEVE (to retire 1997); Dr. Mrs. A. D. BRIAN, Mr. G. CHARNOCK, Map The Mortimers' hold on Wales between 1327 and 1330 334 Mrs. V. E. PERRY, Dr. F. W. PEXTON (to retire 1998). 9-19 Widemarsh Street and 41-43 newel' Street, Hereford Hon. Secretary Mr. J. W. TONKIN Pl. XL Location of the site and extent of the market, superimposed Hon. Assistant Secretary Mrs. M. TONKIN on Taylor's map of 1757 Hon. Treasurer Mr. S. C. COOPER XLI The 18th-century facade of the Black Swan Inn Hon. Auditor Mr. D. HAIGH Hon. Librarian Mr. B. J. WHITEHOUSE XLII The 18th-century facade of the Black Swan Inn Hon. Assistant Librarian Mr. J. G. HILLABY XLIII The rear galleried range of the Black Swan Inn Hon. Field Secretary Dr. & Mrs. J. C. EISEL (jointly) Fig. 1 The location of the excavated trenches, showing the Hon. Editor Mr. J. W. TONKIN position of the surviving timber-framing, walls revealed Hon. Assistant Editor - Mr. R. E. KAY (Archaeology) in excavation, and the extent of the drainage 339 SECTIONAL RECORDERS Archaeology - - Mr. R. SHOESMITH Botany Mr. P. THOMSON Buildings - - Mr. J. W. TONKIN Deserted Medieval Villages Mrs. R. E. SKELTON Entomology - - - - Dr. Mrs. A. D. BRIAN Geology - - - Dr. P. CROSS Herefordshire Field-Names - Mr. G. SPRACKLING Industrial Archaeology - Mr. J. van LAUN Mammals - Dr. W. H. D. WINCE Ornithology - Mrs. B. HARDING Address of Address of Address of Hon. Secretary: Hon. Asst. Secretary.• Hon. Editor: Proceedings, 1995 Mr. J. W. TONKIN Mrs. M. TONKIN Mr. J. W. TONKIN Chy an Whyloryon Chy an Whyloryon Chy an Whyloryon SPRING MEETINGS Wigmore Wigmore Wigmore Leominster Leominster Leominster FIRST MEETING: 14 January: Mr. D. A. Whitehead, president, in the chair. HR6 9UD HR6 9UD HR6 9UD The Sectional Recorders for Archaeology, Botany, Buildings, Geology, Hereford- shire Field-names, Industrial Archaeology and Ornithology gave their reports which are printed on pp. 346-85. Articles intended for inclusion in future issues of the Woolhope Club Transactions should be submitted to the editor whose address is given under LIST OF OFFICERS. SECOND MEETING: 28 January: Dr. J. C. Eisel, senior vice-president, in the chair. Notes for Contributors to the Transactions will be sent on request. The minutes of the out-of-county visit 6-13 July, 1994, based at Galashiels, were read and slides taken by members were shown. THIRD MEETING: 11 February: Mr. D. A. Whitehead, president, in the chair. Dr. D. G. Boddington gave an illustrated talk on 'The Pied Flycatcher.' He explained that he had been studying the pied flycatcher since 1968 and referred also to the spotted and collared flycatcher.