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Swainsona 33: 43–50 (2020) © 2020 Board of the Botanic Gardens & State Herbarium (Adelaide, South Australia) Nomenclatural notes and typifications in Australian species of Paliureae (Rhamnaceae) Jürgen Kellermanna,b a State Herbarium of South Australia, GPO Box 1047, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 Email: [email protected] b The University of Adelaide, School of Biological Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia 5005 Abstract: The nomenclature of the four species of Ziziphus Mill. and the one species of Hovenia Thunb. occurring in Australia is reviewed, including the role of the Hermann Herbarium for the typification of Z. oenopolia (L.) Mill. and Z. mauritiana Lam. Lectotypes are chosen for Z. quadrilocularis F.Muell. and Z. timoriensis DC. A key to species is provided, as well as illustrations for Z. oenopolia, Z. quadrilocularis and H. dulcis Thunb. Keywords: Nomenclature, typification, Hovenia, Ziziphus, Rhamnaceae, Paliureae, Paul Hermann, Carolus Linnaeus, Henry Trimen, Australia Introduction last worldwide overview of the genus was published by Suessenguth (1953). Since then, only regional Rhamnaceae tribe Paliureae Reissek ex Endl. was treatments and revisions have been published, most reinstated by Richardson et al. (2000b), after the first notably by Johnston (1963, 1964, 1972), Bhandari & molecular analysis of the family (Richardson et al. Bhansali (2000), Chen & Schirarend (2007) and Cahen 2000a). It consists of three genera, Hovenia Thunb., et al. (in press). For Australia, the genus as a whole was Paliurus Tourn. ex Mill. and Ziziphus Mill., which last reviewed by Bentham (1863), with subsequent until then were assigned to the tribes Rhamneae regional treatments by Wheeler (1992) and Rye (1997) Horan. (Hovenia) and Zizypheae Brongn. (= Paliureae; for the Kimberley region, Western Australia, and Bailey Paliurus and Ziziphus; Suessenguth 1953). This new (1899) and Stanley & Ross (1986) for Queensland. tribal classification was confirmed in the analyses of Hauenschild et al. (2016, 2018). Two of the genera are In preparation for the Flora of Australia treatment of present in Australia: Hovenia and Ziziphus. Rhamnaceae, the nomenclature and typification of the species of Ziziphus and Hovenia occurring in Australia The four species of Hovenia (POWO 2020) are are clarified and discussed in this paper. distributed in south-east Asia from India, through Bhutan, Nepal and Myanmar to China, Japan and The synonymies of the widespread species H. dulcis, Korea. The genus was last reviewed by Kimura Z. mauritiana and Z. oenopolia (L.) Mill. only list (1939) and Suessenguth (1953), followed by regional names that have been used in Australia (APC 2020; treatments, e.g. for China (Chen & Schirarend 2007), APNI 2020). All types have been examined, unless India (Sen Gupta & Safui 1984) and Japan (Noshiro indicated by “n.v.”; those that were seen online via 1999). The cultivated species Hovenia dulcis Thunb. is JSTOR Global Plants and other herbarium websites are sparingly naturalised in Australia (Harden 1990). indicated by “photo seen”. Until recently, Ziziphus was regarded as a genus The holotype designations by Johnston (1972) are distributed throughout the tropics and warm dry regions here accepted if no other specimens of the type could of the world (Medan & Schirarend 2004). Islam & be found; if there are several specimens then Johnston’s Simmonds (2006) recognised that there are two distinct listing of a “holotype” is interpreted as lectotypification clades of Ziziphus, one from the Americas and one (an error to be corrected, according to Art. 9.10; from Europe, Africa and Australasia. Following a more Turland et al. 2018; see also McNeill 2014). These detailed analysis, Hauenschild et al. (2016) reinstated can be accepted, as Johnston (1972) clearly indicated Sarcomphalus P.Browne for the New World taxa and that he accepted the type specimens; also, at the time removed two species close to the unrelated Condalia of writing, Johnston was not required to state “here Cav. (tribe Rhamneae) to the new genus Pseudoziziphus designated” after type designations (Art. 7.11). Hauenschild. The redefined Ziziphus is now a genus of c. 65 species (Mabberley 2017), occurring in Identification keys and notes on the five species are Europe, Africa, south Asia, Melanesia and Australia. also provided, as well as line-drawings of H. dulcis, Three species are native to northern Australia, and one Z. oenopolia and Z. quadrilocularis F.Muell., a taxon further species, Z. mauritiana Lam., is introduced. The that does not seem to have been illustrated before. Published online: 8 May 2020 • flora.sa.gov.au/swainsona ISSN 2206-1649 (Print) • ISSN 2206-1657 (Online) J. Kellermann Swainsona 33 (2020) Key to genera of Paliureae in Australia 1. Leaves with 3 nerves, oblique; stipules persistent, often growing into spines; infructescence axes not thickened; fruit a dry-fleshed drupe . Ziziphus 1: Leaves penninerved, symmetric; stipules caducous; infructescence axes thickened, fleshy; fruit a capsule . Hovenia Nomenclature 1. Ziziphus oenopolia (L.) Mill. Gard. Dict. ed 8 [not paginated] Ziziphus no. 3 (1768), as Rhamnaceae trib. Paliureae Reissek ex Endl. “oenoplia”. — Rhamnus oenopolia L., Sp. Pl. 194 (1753). Gen. Pl. 1095 (1840). — Type: Paliurus Mill. — Type citation: “Habitat in Zeylonia ђ” Linnaeus also quotes the following references: “Fl. Zeyl. 88 *”, “Burm. Rhamnaceae trib. Zizypheae Brongn., Énum. Pl. Mus. zeyl. 131. t. 61”. Lectotype: Ceylon, Herb. Hermann 3: Paris 122 (1843). — Type: Ziziphus Mill. 46, no. 88 (BM000621972 & BM000621973; photos seen), fide Trimen, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 137 (1887), non Ziziphus Mill. P.I.Forster, Austrobaileya 3: 563 (1991), nec Wadhwa, Gard. Dict. abridg. ed. 4 [not paginated] (1754). Revis. Handb. Fl. Ceylon 10: 367 (1996). — Type: Z. jujuba Mill., nom. cons., fide Britton Ziziphus celtidifolia DC., Prodr. 2: 20 (1825). — Type & P.Wilson, Sci. Surv. Porto Rico 5: 535 (1924). citation: “in ins. Timor”. Holotype: Timor (G-DC, Rhamnus zizyphus L. Ziziphus zizyphus (L.) H.Karst.,≡ annotated “Museum de Paris 1821”; photo seen, IDC nom. rej. (see Kirkbride≡ et al. 2006; Brummitt 2009; Micro-Edition 500, fiche 277). Wiersema et al. 2020). Ziziphus rufula Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 643 (1856), as “Zizyphus”. — Type citation: “in Herb. Horsf.”, Etymology. Derived from the Greek ζιζυφον (zízyphon), “Java, tusschen de struiken in Bogor”. Type not which originated from the Phoenician zizuf (Paclt located (possibly K). Synonym fide Benth., Fl. Austral. 1999), the name for the lotus or jujube tree, Ziziphus 1: 412 (1863). lotus (L.) Lam. Ziziphus oligantha Merr. & L.M.Perry, J. Arnold. Arbor. 20: 338 (1939) (as “Zizyphus”). — Type citation: The original spelling of the genus name is Ziziphus. A “British New Guinea: Western Division, Mabaduan, common and widely used orthographic variant of the Brass 6488 (type), April, 1936”; the authors also state: name is “Zizyphus”, which “appears to be more correct “The types […], unless otherwise stated, are deposited philologically, […] but it is not permissible under the in the herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum” (p. 324). Rules to make orthographic corrections based solely on Holotype: Mabaduan, Western Province, Papua New philological grounds” (Sprague 1929: 52). The rejection Guinea, Apr. 1936, L.J. Brass 6488 (A00051554). of a recent proposal by Paclt (1999) to conserve the Isotypes: BM000838645, BRI-AQ0317638, name “Zizyphus” with that spelling confirms this assess- G00440946, K000723081, L0013808; photos seen ment (Brummit 2000). (see also P.I.Forster, Austrobaileya 3: 563, 1991). Note. Ziziphus jujuba Mill. has been recorded from Spelling & etymology. The original spelling of the name Australia, but probably in error due to Lamarck’s in the first edition of Species plantarum is “Rhamnus synonym for Z. mauritiana (viz. Z. jujuba (L.) Lam., oenopolia” (Linnaeus 1753: 194), but in the 10th edition which has often been confused with Z. jujuba Mill.); of Vol. 2 of Systema naturae, Linnaeus (1759: 938) spelt it is widely cultivated throughout the drier tropics and the epithet “oenopia”. In the second edition of Species is occasionally found in cultivation in Australia, but plantarum (Linnaeus 1763: 282) and the 12th edition of seems not to have naturalized. Systema naturae (1767, vol. 2: 180), the author used the Key to species of Ziziphus in Australia 1. Leaves distinctly discolorous, densely and closely greyish-pubescent beneath (W.A., N.T., Qld) . 2. Z. mauritiana 1: Mature leaves ±concolorous, glabrous or sparsely pubescent beneath 2. Young stems and buds with numerous prominent, pale lenticels; tall rainforest tree (Qld: MacIlwraith Range) . 3. Z. timoriensis 2: Young stems and buds without prominent lenticels; small trees, scrambling shrubs or lianes 3. Leaves thin-textured; flowers in apparent lateral clusters; carpels 2; fruits 6–8 mm long (N.T., Qld, Torres Strait islands) . 1. Z. oenopolia 3: Leaves thick; flowers in distinct zig-zag rhipidia; carpels 3 or 4; fruits 14–26 mm long (W.A., N.T.) . 4. Z. quadrilocularis 44 Swainsona 33 (2020) Nomenclature of Australian species of Paliureae (Rhamnaceae) spelling “oenoplia”. This evolution of the spelling of the · In Species plantarum (1753), for species previously name has already been noted by Richter (1840). It is not described in Flora Zeylanica, “Linnaeus was clear whether Linnaeus intended to correct the spelling careful to quote under them the numbers of the of the name, or if these are merely printers’ errors,
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    PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF VITACEAE BASED ON PLASTID SEQUENCE DATA by PAUL NAUDE Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree MAGISTER SCIENTAE in BOTANY in the FACULTY OF SCIENCE at the UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG SUPERVISOR: DR. M. VAN DER BANK December 2005 I declare that this dissertation has been composed by myself and the work contained within, unless otherwise stated, is my own Paul Naude (December 2005) TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents Abstract iii Index of Figures iv Index of Tables vii Author Abbreviations viii Acknowledgements ix CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Vitaceae 1 1.2 Genera of Vitaceae 6 1.2.1 Vitis 6 1.2.2 Cayratia 7 1.2.3 Cissus 8 1.2.4 Cyphostemma 9 1.2.5 Clematocissus 9 1.2.6 Ampelopsis 10 1.2.7 Ampelocissus 11 1.2.8 Parthenocissus 11 1.2.9 Rhoicissus 12 1.2.10 Tetrastigma 13 1.3 The genus Leea 13 1.4 Previous taxonomic studies on Vitaceae 14 1.5 Main objectives 18 CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 21 2.1 DNA extraction and purification 21 2.2 Primer trail 21 2.3 PCR amplification 21 2.4 Cycle sequencing 22 2.5 Sequence alignment 22 2.6 Sequencing analysis 23 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 32 3.1 Results from primer trail 32 3.2 Statistical results 32 3.3 Plastid region results 34 3.3.1 rpL 16 34 3.3.2 accD-psa1 34 3.3.3 rbcL 34 3.3.4 trnL-F 34 3.3.5 Combined data 34 CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 42 4.1 Molecular evolution 42 4.2 Morphological characters 42 4.3 Previous taxonomic studies 45 4.4 Conclusions 46 CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES 48 APPENDIX STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DATA 59 ii ABSTRACT Five plastid regions as source for phylogenetic information were used to investigate the relationships among ten genera of Vitaceae.
  • (GISD) 2021. Species Profile Ziziphus Mauritiana. Availab

    (GISD) 2021. Species Profile Ziziphus Mauritiana. Availab

    FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Ziziphus mauritiana Ziziphus mauritiana System: Terrestrial Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Plantae Magnoliophyta Magnoliopsida Rhamnales Rhamnaceae Common name appeldam (English, Dutch West Indies), baher (English, Fiji), bahir (English, Fiji), baer (English, Fiji), jujube (English, Guam), manzanita (English, Guam), manzanas (English, Guam), jujubier (French), Chinese date (English), Chinese apple (English), Indian jujube (English), Indian plum (English), Indian cherry (English), Malay jujube (English), coolie plum (English, Jamaica), crabapple (English, Jamaica), dunk (English, Barbados), mangustine (English, Barbados), dunks (English, Trinidad), dunks (English, Tropical Africa), Chinee apple (English, Queensland, Australia), ponsigne (English, Venezuela), yuyubo (English, Venezuela), aprin (English, Puerto Rico), yuyubi (English, Puerto Rico), perita haitiana (English, Dominican Republic), pomme malcadi (French, West Indies), pomme surette (French, West Indies), petit pomme (French, West Indies), liane croc chien (French, West Indies), gingeolier (French, West Indies), dindoulier (French, West Indies), manzana (apple) (English, Philippines), manzanita (little apple) (English, Philippines), bedara (English, Malaya), widara (English, Indonesia), widara (English, Surinam), phutsa (English, Thailand), ma-tan (English, Thailand), putrea (English, Cambodia), tao (English, Vietnam), tao nhuc (English, Vietnam), ber (English, India), bor (English, India) Synonym Ziziphus jujuba , (L.) Lam., non P. Mill. Rhamnus mauritiana
  • (Rhamnaceae) from Nepal Himalayas

    (Rhamnaceae) from Nepal Himalayas

    Indian Journal of Plant Sciences ISSN: 2319–3824(Online) An Open Access, Online International Journal Available at http://www.cibtech.org/jps.htm 2015 Vol.4 (2) April -June, pp.71-77/Bhattarai and Pathak Research Article A NEW SPECIES OF ZIZIPHUS (RHAMNACEAE) FROM NEPAL HIMALAYAS *Khem Raj Bhattarai and Mitra Lal Pathak National Herbarium and Plant Laboratories, Department of Plant Resources, Godawari, Lalitpur, G.P.O. Box 3708, Nepal *Author for Correspondence ABSTRACT A tree belonging to Ziziphus (Rhamnaceae) from Timal region of Kavrepalanchok district, Central Nepal is illustrated and described as a new species Ziziphus budhensis KR. Bhattarai & Pathak, a narrow endemic from central Nepal. This species did not match with the Ziziphus species reported from this region. Although the new species is similar to Z. montana W.W.Sm. from Yunan, China with trinerved leaves lacking conspicuous secondary veins, it differs tree habit, shape and size of leaves, length of peduncle, carpel, and shape and size of fruits and seeds as well as distribution range. Detailed taxonomic description, illustration, photographs, ecology and its economic and religious value are discussed. Keywords: Ziziphus, Rhamnaceae, Timal, New Species, Endemic, Nepal INTRODUCTION Ziziphus has about 100 species reported from warm-temperate and subtropical regions throughout the world (Mabberley 2008), among them 17 species are from India (Bhandari and Bhansali, 2000), 12 species from China (Zao, 2007), seven species from Bhutan (Grierson and Long, 1991) and six species are already reported from Nepal (NHPL, 2011). The unidentified species belongs to genus Ziziphus and family Rhamnaceae. Due to its economical importance local people from the Timal region of Kavreplanchok district brought material to the National Herbarium and Plant Laboratories (KATH) for identification.