Time Please! 'Lost' Inns, Pubs and Alehouses of the Yorkshire Dales
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Time Please! ‘Lost’ Inns, Pubs and Alehouses of the Yorkshire Dales 1. Recognisances and Records of Victuallers and Alehouse Keepers From 1551 the law required registers to be kept by Quarter Sessions across the country, organised according to wapentake (a now obsolete administrative unit). The records included the name of the innholder or alehouse keeper, the township in which he or she operated, the amount of penalty he or she would be liable to for any infringement of the law, and the name and place of residence of whoever was standing surety for the licensee’s ‘good behaviour’. In most cases the name of the inn or alehouse was not included. An Act of 1822 (3 George II cap. 31) amended earlier legislation and for most, but not all, townships, the name of the licensed premises was included in the registers. The Alehouse Act 1828 abolished sureties and recognisances. An example of how 1828 legislation was applied is provided for the Kings Arms in Bentham with William Turner the licensee liable for £30 and James Burton who stood surety of £20 for Turner (West Riding QE32/75, 15 September 1828). It reads: West Riding of Yorkshire; at a general meeting of His Majesty’s Justices of the Peace acting in and for the Division of Ewcross, in the said West Riding of Yorkshire held at Ingleton in the Division and Riding aforesaid on Friday 5th September 1828. William Turner being the tenant and occupier of a house known by the sign of the Kings Arms in the township of Bentham in the said Division and Riding, victualler, acknowledges himself to be indebted to our Sovereign Lord the King in the sum of thirty pounds: and James Burton being the tenant and occupier of a house in the township of Bentham in the said Riding, grocer, acknowledges himself to be indebted to our Sovereign Lord the King in the sum of twenty pounds, to be levied upon the several goods and chattels, lands and tenements, by way of recognizance to His Majesty’s use, his heirs and successors; Upon condition that the said William Turner do and shall keep the true Assize in uttering and selling bread and other victuals, beer, ale, and other liquors in his house and shall not fraudulently dilute or adulterate the same, and shall not use, in uttering and selling thereof, any pots or other such measures that are not full size; and do not wilfully or knowingly permit drunkenness or tippling, not get drunk in his house or other premises; nor knowingly suffer any gambling with cards, draughts, dice, bagatelle, or any other sedentary game in his house, or any outhouses, appurtenances, or easements thereto belonging, by journeymen, labourers, servants or apprentices; nor knowingly introduce, permit or suffer any bull, bear, or badger-baiting, cock- fighting, or such sport or amusement in any part of the premises; nor shall knowingly and designedly, and with a view to harbour And entertain such, permit or suffer men or women of notoriously bad fame, or dissolute girls and boys to assemble and meet together in his house or any of the premises thereto belonging; nor shall keep open his house, nor permit or suffer any drinking or tippling in any part of his premises during the hours of Divine Service on Sundays; nor shall keep open his house or other premises during late hours of the night, or early in the morning, for any other purpose than the reception of travellers; but do keep good rules and order therein, according to the purport of a licence granted for selling ale, beer or other liquors by retail in the said house and premises for one whole year commencing from the tenth day of October next; then his recognizance to be void, or else remain in full force. Taken and acknowledged the day and year first above written before us Josh. Gibson, Thos. Greene. 2. North Riding Records of Victuallers and Alehouse Keepers 1774-1829 Note: only houses that are no longer licensed are listed here. Premises that are covered in the book are highlighted in yellow in the following tables. Source: North Riding of Yorkshire Quarter Sessions. North Yorkshire County Record Office, QDL (V) Township No. of Notes No. of No. of licences licences licences issued issued issued 1775 1780 1795 Arkengarthdale 8 1 fem. licensee 4 3 Askrigg 6 1 fem. licensee 6 1 Aysgarth 2 2 - Bainbridge 2 2 2 Bellerby 5 1 fem. licensee 4 3 Bishopdale - 1 - Caldbergh 1 - - Carlton 3 3 3 Carperby 2 3 1 Coverham 1 1 1 Downholme 1 1 1 East Witton 2 2 3 Feetham - 1 1 Fremington - - 1 Grinton 2 2 1 Gunnerside - 2 1 Halfpenny House 1 1 1 Hardraw 1 1 1 Harkerside 1 - - Hawes 4 6 6 Hipswell 1 - - Horsehouse 1 1 1 Leyburn 5 5 4 Low Row - 1 - Marrick 3 2 4 Marske 2 - 1 Melmerby - 1 1 Middleham 11 1 fem. licensee 10 5 Muker 6 4 6 Newbiggin 1 - 1 Preston- un’r-Scar 2 2 2 Redmire 4 4 2 Reeth 13 8 6 Thoralby 1 1 2 Wensley 2 2 2 West Burton 5 3 1 West Scrafton 1 fem. licensee 3 1 West Witton 2 2 2 Woodhall 1 1 Worton 1 1 1 Township No. of Names of premises licences issued 1822-23 Askrigg 5 Kings Arms, Red Lion, Phoenix, New Inn George & Dragon Aysgarth 1 George & Dragon Bainbridge 2 Rose & Crown, White Lion Bellerby 2 Cross Keys, The Swan Burtersett 1 Shoulder of Mutton Carlton 3 Bay Horse, The Board, The Board (no. 2) Carlton Highdale 1 Kings Head Carperby 1 The Board Coverham 1 The Board Downholme 1 Boot & Shoe East Witton 3 Fox & Hounds, Blue Lion, The Board Grinton 1 The Board Halfpenny House 1 Huttons Arms Hawes 8 White Hart, Bull, Duke of Wellington, Bull (no. 2) Kings Arms, New Inn, Kings Head, Fountain Hipswell 3 Bay Horse, Black Horse, British Volunteer Horsehouse 1 Rose & Crown Leyburn 8 The Board, The Angel, The Board (no. 2), Kings Head, Black Swan, The Board (no. 3), Bolton’s Arms + unnamed Marrick 4 unnamed Marske unnamed Melbecks 4 unnamed Melmerby 1 The Horse Middleham 5 White Swan, Black Swan, The Board, Green Dragon, Kings Head Muker 7 unnamed Newbiggin 1 The Board Preston-under- 1 Punch Bowl Scar Redmire 2 Kings Arms, Horse Shoe Reeth 8 unnamed Thoralby 2 The Volunteer, The Board Wensley 2 Black Swan, Punch Bowl West Burton 2 Fox Hounds, The Bull West Scrafton 1 Moor Cock West Witton 3 The Board, The Star, Duke William Worton 1 The Board Changes 1822-23 to 1828-29 Askrigg The Phoenix had gone, the Hare & Hounds was a new entrant in 1828-29 Bellerby The Cross Keys and The Swan had been replaced by The Board and The Pig Downholme The Board was a new entrant in 1828-29 East Witton The Board had gone by 1828-29 Hardraw The Green Dragon was a new entrant in 1828-29 Hawes The Bull (no. 2) had been replaced by The Black Bull by 1828-29 Horsehouse The Board was a new entrant in 1828-29 Middleham The Board had gone, The Horse was also a new entrant West Scrafton The Moor Cock had gone by 1828-29 and The Board was a new entrant West Witton The Duke William had become the Duke of Wellington by 1828-29 Woodhall The Miners Arms was a new entrant by 1828-29 3. West Riding Original Recognisances, Ewcross and Staincliffe Wapentakes 1752-1828 Note: only houses that are no longer licensed are listed here Source: West Riding of Yorkshire Quarter Sessions. West Yorkshire Archive Service, QE 32 Township No. of No. of No. of No. of Name of premises licences licences licences licences issued issued issued issued 1771 1822 1826 1828 Appletreewick 1 Austwick 3 1 Cock Barden 1 New inn Bolton Abbey 1 1 Buckden 6 6 (Old) Cock, Old George, Red Lion, Wellington Burnsall 1 1 Burton in Lonsdale 5 6 Hen & Chickens, Potters Arms, Fountain, Old Black Bull, Weavers Carlton in Coverdale 2 2 Hare and Hounds Clapham 3 4 Golden Lion, Red Lion, Black Bull Coniston Cold 1 1 Coniston Inn Cracoe 1 1 Bulls Head Embsay-with-Eastby 2 2 Masons Arms Gargrave 5 5 5 New Inn, Red Lion Giggleswick 3 2 Grassington 3 3 Old Duke William, New Inn, Devonshire Arms, Duke of Devonshire, Odd Fellows Hebden 1 1 New Inn Hetton 1 1 Hellifield 2 High Bentham 8 5 Royal Oak, Kings Arms, Brown Cow Horton in Ribblesdale 2 2 Ingleton 6 8 Blue Bell, Bay Horse, Horse Shoe, Bridge Inn, Board, Sportsman Kettlewell 5 5 Masons Arms, Bay Horse Kilnsey 2 2 Anglers Inn Langcliffe 1 unnamed beershop Long Preston 4 Rathmell 1 1 Cross Keys Settle 16 17 Spread Eagle, White Horse, Naked Man, New Inn Skipton 21 23 Stainforth 1 Packhorse Thorlby 1 Bay Horse Threshfield 1 1 New Inn Wigglesworth 1 4. Notes to accompany the Gazetteer 1. Only pubs and inns that are no longer in business are included in the online Gazetteer spreadsheet except for those which were known by a different name in times past. Beer-houses are expressly excluded: many were here today, gone tomorrow enterprises and most had no ‘official’ names. 2. It is not claimed that the Gazetteer contains every pub or inn that has ever existed though every attempt has been made to identify and locate as many as possible. Only selective recourse has been had to census returns and detailed trawling parish by parish may turn up more examples of ‘lost’ inns.