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Full Page Fax Print Table of Contents I. Executive Summary II. Introduction III. Objectives IV. Methodology V. Sample Profile VI. Findings VII. Annexes TRIAMS Beneficiary Survey 2007 1 Executive Summary The Tsunami Beneficiary survey is a series that aims at setting indicators for a rehabilitation process from the point of view of the recipient of the aid and thereby establish a benchmark for the recovery process and create indices for the NGOs and other agencies involved. In the first wave a total of 1140 respondents were surveyed via one to one interviews from a semi structured questionnaire. While assessing the satisfaction levels of the tsunami victims in terms of the housing etcetera, their real situation was also documented by the enumerators. The following are some of the particular findings of the survey: COMPARISONS While 88.3% of persons in Ampara have only electricity facilities, high percentages across the board, including 91.7% in Matara have both electricity and piped water. Aside from 70% of Hambantota, most people in all districts feel that their present housing is not at a safe distance from the shore. A total of 77.2% of people in Galle feel that the material of their houses is the same as before but the same sentiment is not echoed by 51% of Ampara and 67% of Trincomalee who feel that their situation is now worse. This same fact is reflected to some extent in the enumerator’s observations. 73.7% of persons in Galle and 73% in Matara state that they have received no livelihood support from the Government or Non Governmental sectors, while 54% in Trincomalee and 50.5% state that they have received such aid. While most people state that medical facilities are the same as before, 48.9% of Ampara feel that the physical structure of their medical facility is worse than before. A total of 40.4% of Galle and 47.3% of Matara are satisfied with the overall efficiency of the resolution of their problems. The same is not true for a dissatisfied 38.3% of Hambantota. TRIAMS Beneficiary Survey 2007 2 Most people seem somewhat dissatisfied with Beneficiary Consultation procedures with the exception of 46.3% of Ampara who are somewhat satisfied. OTHER High percentages across the board, such as 93.7% in Galle and 90.1% in Matara use their own toilets – a statistic that has not changed significantly since the tsunami. No district in particular has had any difficulty with their water supply. A majority of the sample in all four districts feel that the quality of their water supply is the same as before. High percentages express no great dissatisfaction with the state of the infrastructure surrounding them. While the percentage of persons involved in the fishing trade has dropped slightly, fishing still remains the main occupation in these communities. Across the board, school conditions seem to be the same as before. 68.6% in Trincomalee state that the government has never consulted them with regards to the rehabilitation process., and 58.2% in Ampara say that NGOs consulted them only to some extent. Only 1.2% in Ampara and 1.3% in Trincomalee are very satisfied with the ease of receiving benefits. In general, people are somewhat dissatisfied with complaint redress mechanisms. TRIAMS Beneficiary Survey 2007 3 Introduction The 2004 Boxing Day tsunami wreaked havoc on the coastal region of five Asian countries. Thousands lost their lives, homes and jobs. The subsequent recovery and rehabilitation efforts were multi-million dollar projects funded by various humanitarian agencies and governments from all over the world. In Sri Lanka, especially, pledges of tsunami aid have topped US $ 3 billion, and many agencies initiated housing schemes, vocational training projects and so on and so forth so as to restore the tsunami affected to their previous way of life. The Tsunami Recovery Impact Assessment and Monitoring System (TRIAMS) was created in order to have in place a monitoring system that makes periodic assessments of the tsunami recovery process, and thereby understand the impact of tsunami response efforts. The TRIAMS Country Action Plan for Sri Lanka includes both quantitative and qualitative explorations of the tsunami recovery process. As part of this quantitative research, Social Indicator was commissioned by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to design and implement a perception survey that will be conducted twice a year for a period of three years, the findings of which will provide an assessment of the entire process from the recipient’s point of view. Since the findings of the survey are quantifiable, the results will enable authorities to compare the reconstruction process across different districts and sectors. TRIAMS Beneficiary Survey 2007 4 Objectives The overarching objective of the survey is to do a basic evaluation of the quality of the life of the affected and to assess if their present state is better than before the tsunami. With a view to this the survey will: Identify to what extent losses and disruption in affected GNDs were restored with regards to General Amenities, Infrastructure, Health, Education, and Sanitation etcetera. Assess as to whether living conditions and livelihoods of affected areas have returned to levels and standards that were previously existent. Find out if recovery efforts are targeting the right areas. TRIAMS Beneficiary Survey 2007 5 Methodology The beneficiary survey was carried out using a structured questionnaire administered through a face to face technique amongst a randomly selected sample of 1140 respondents from five tsunami affected districts, namely, Galle, Matara, Hambantota, Ampara, and Trincomalee. The questionnaire was designed to capture the perception and satisfaction of the beneficiaries on the Tsunami recovery process. As this beneficiary survey intends to measure the satisfaction of the beneficiaries regarding the Tsunami reconstruction process, while comparing with the other output indices produced by the various agencies, SI used some of the publications of TRIAMS and other UN reports in the creation of the questionnaire. The sample concentrated itself on the affected Divisional Secretariats (DS) within the aforementioned districts. In the Southern province, affected DSDs were randomly selected from each district as the first level of sampling. Further, four Grama Niladharis (GN) divisions were selected at random from each of these Divisional Secretariats. Lists of the tsunami beneficiaries were then obtained for these GNs in order to eliminate the chance of accidental visits to non-affected households, and fifteen households from each listing were randomly chosen to participate in the interview. At this point, the 'last birthday' method was used in order to determine which household member would be the respondent to the survey. In this manner, sixty households were surveyed in each DS. Due to the prevailing securing situation fieldwork in the Eastern province was confined and restricted to certain locales. However, within the selected Grama Niladharis (GN) divisions, households and respondents were chosen using the same technique that was used in the Southern province. Due to this purposive sampling selection at the district and the DSDs level, findings of surveys in the Eastern province cannot be generalised to the entire province but to the respective GNDs. The field work was conducted by 17 senior enumerators from April 20th to May 23rd, 2007. They were given an intensive training on 17th April 2007, on the questionnaire and field techniques. In addition to accompanied visits and over-the-phone consultation, 20% of the field work was rechecked in order to assure its quality. TRIAMS Beneficiary Survey 2007 6 FINDINGS TRIAMS Beneficiary Survey 2007 7 HOUSING Please identify the following with regards to the ownership of your house (Before Tsunami) 120 98.9 100 81.3 78 78.1 80 Rented Own with deed 60 55.7 Own without deed 40.0 Relatives/Friends 40 17.1 16.7 20 15.9 5.6 4.3 2.9 2 0.4 1.1 1 1 0 Galle Matara Hambantota Ampara Trincomalee * Due to the existing security situation, fieldwork in the Eastern provinces cannot be generalised to the entire population but to the respective GNDs. TRIAMS Beneficiary Survey 2007 8 Please identify the following with regards to the ownership of your house (After Tsunami) 120 100 97.8 Rented 80 77.3 76.4 75.9 72.6 Own with deed 60 Own without deed Relatives/Friends 40 22.7 Tsunami camp/Temp 19.5 16.7 House 20 12.6 3.9 8.4 2.6 2.1 4.2 2.1 2 0.4 0.4 1.1 0.6 0.6 0 Galle Matara Hambantota Ampara Trincomalee * Due to the existing security situation, fieldwork in the Eastern provinces cannot be generalised to the entire population but to the respective GNDs. TRIAMS Beneficiary Survey 2007 9 Please identify the material of your house (Before Tsunami) 90 83.5 80.9 79 77.6 80 70 66.3 60 Wooden 50 Mud Hut 40 Cement/Tiled 30 Other 21.1 20 15.3 13.2 11.5 10.5 7.5 9.1 10 6.3 3.1 3.8 3.8 2.6 1.8 1.1 2.1 0 Galle Matara Hambantota Ampara Trincomalee * Due to the existing security situation, fieldwork in the Eastern provinces cannot be generalised to the entire population but to the respective GNDs. TRIAMS Beneficiary Survey 2007 10 Please identify the material of your house (After Tsunami) 100 91.0 90.8 90 81.9 82.2 80 73.2 70 60 Wooden Mud Hut 50 Cement/Tiled 40 Other 30 21.6 20 13.3 12.2 10 7.7 8.6 4.4 3.5 2.2 2.5 1.7 1.4 0.6 1.1 0 Galle Matara Hambantota Ampara Trincomalee * Due to the existing security situation, fieldwork in the Eastern provinces cannot be generalised to the entire population but to the respective GNDs.
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