Hawking, by Ottaviani and Myrick | Reference List www.gt-labs.com
Here is the complete list of references materials we used to create Hawking (NY: First Second, 2019; ISBN 978-1626720251) As you can see, it’s partially in code, as I’d use abbreviations in the script when a particular scene or image was based on a specific passage or figure, so I could point Leland to e.g. “ABHoT Figure 7.2” and he’d know where to look.
It’s also long, so we had to edit it down and could fit only the most heavily used sources at the end of the book. But now you need not wonder whether we read “On Hawking’s Concession” by John Preskill, or “Stephen Hawking’s Bedtime Stories.” We read both!
Books and Videos
ABHoT: A Brief History of Time by Stephen Hawking (NY: Bantam, 1988). ABHoTlm: A Briefer History of Time by Stephen Hawking and Leonard Mlodinow (NY: Bantam, 2005). ABHOTm.s.: A Brief History of Time manuscript/draft version(s) from the Archive ABHoTmovie: A Brief History of Time, Producer, Gordon Freeman; Director, Errol Morris. (Norwich, UK: Anglia Television, 1991). BBss: Big Bang by Simon Singh (NY: Harper Perennial, 2004). BBtBH: Beyond the Black Hole by John Boslough (London: Collins, 1985). BHaBU: Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays by Stephen Hawking (NY: Bantam, 1994). BHaWS: Black Holes and Warped Spacetime by William J. Kaufmann, III (San Francisco: W.H. Freeman, 1979). BHaTW: Black Holes and Time Warps by Kip Thorne (NY: Norton, 1994). BWotS: Blind Watchers of the Sky by Rocky Kolb (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1996). CIjb: Cosmic Imagery by John Barrow (NY: Norton, 2009). GEcs: Gravity’s Engines by Caleb Scharf (NY: Scientific American/Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012). GFA: Gravity’s Fatal Attraction, 2nd ed., by Mitchell Begelman and Martin Rees (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010). Hvertigo: Hawking, Director and Producer, Stephen Finnigan (London, UK:Vertigo Films//, 2013). HIhm: Hawking Incorporated by Hélène Mialet (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2012). ItUwSH: Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking Gaiam Americas, Inc., Darlow Smithson Productions (Boulder, CO: Gaiam, 2011). LHotC: Lonely Hearts of the Cosmos by Dennis Overbye (NY: Harper Collins, 1991). MBH: My Brief History by Stephen Hawking (NY: Bantam, 2013). MotLWaDoSIN: Memoirs of the Life, Writings, and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton (1855) by Sir David Brewster (Volume II. Ch. 27, p. 407). MtMtS: Music to Move the Stars by Jane Hawking (Tuggerah: Pan Macmillan Australia, 1999). PRDftBT: Perfectly Reasonable Deviations from the Beaten Track by Richard Feynman, edited by Michelle Feynman (NY: Basic Books, 2005).
1 of 8 Hawking, by Ottaviani and Myrick | Reference List www.gt-labs.com
RCsh: A Brief History of Time: A Reader’s Companion by Stephen Hawking (ed.) and Gene Stone (NY: Bantam, 1992). Relativity by Albert Einstein (NY: Crown, 1961). SHaBkl: Stephen Hawking: A Biography by Kristine Larsen (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2005). SHkf: Stephen Hawking by Kitty Ferguson (NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012). SHmd: Stephen Hawking by Melissa McDaniel (NY: Chelsea House, 1994). SHmwjg: Stephen Hawking: A Life in Science by Michael White and John Gribbin (NY: Dutton, 1992). SHU: Stephen Hawking’s Universe: The Cosmos Explained, by David Filkin, with a foreword by Stephen Hawking (NY: Basic Books, 1998). SHUpbs: Stephen Hawking’s Universe. Uden Associates, David Filkin Enterprises co-production in association with BBC-TV; series producer, David Filkin ; series director, Philip Martin (Alexandria, VA: PBS Home Video, 1997). SItL: ‘Subtle is the Lord…’: The Science and Life of Albert Einstein by Abraham Pais (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982). TCFoGR: The Cosmic Frontiers of General Relativity by William J. Kaufmann, III (Boston: Little Brown, 1977). TDWY: The Day Without Yesterday by John Farrell (NY: Thunder’s Mouth Press, 2005). TFoS: The Future of Spacetime by Stephen Hawking, Kip S. Thorne, Igor Novikov, Timothy Ferris, Alan Lightman, and Richard Price (NY: Norton, 1992). TFoTPaC: The future of theoretical physics and cosmology : proceedings of the Stephen Hawking 60th Birthday Conference / edited by G. W. Gibbons, E. P. S. Shellard, S. J. Rankin (NY: Cambridge University Press, 2003). TFTM: The First Three Minutes by Steven Weinberg (NY: Basic Books, 1977). TGD: The Grand Design by Stephen Hawking and Leonard Mlodinow (NY: Bantam, 2010). TIABHoT: The Illustrated A Brief History of Time updated and expanded ed., by Stephen Hawking (NY: Bantam, 1996). TNoSaT: The Nature of Space and Time by Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996). TLSSoS: The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time by Stephen Hawking and George Ellis (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973). TPA: The Primeval Atom - an Essay on Cosmogony by G. Lemaître (NY: Van Nostrand, 1950). TRtR: The Road to Reality by Roger Penrose (NY: Knopf, 2006). TtI: Traveling to Infinity by Jane Hawking (Richmond: Alma Books, 2007). TUW: The Universe Within by Neil Turok (Toronto: House of Anansi, 2012). TUIaN: The Universe in a Nutshell by Stephen Hawking (NY: Bantam, 2001). TVEU: The Very Early Universe : Proceedings of the Nuffield Workshop, Cambridge, 21 June to 9 July, 1982 / edited by G.W. Gibbons and S.W. Hawking and S.T.C. Siklos. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983).
Articles (technical)
2 of 8 Hawking, by Ottaviani and Myrick | Reference List www.gt-labs.com
These articles will make you look and feel erudite when you read them on the subway; better still, the ones marked with a * are readable — at least in large part — even if you don’t look at, much less understand, all the equations
* MichelsonMorley1887: Albert Abraham Michelson and Edward Williams Morley, “On the Relative Motion of the Earth and the Luminiferous Ether.” American Journal of Science, vol. 34 (1887): 333–345. Einstein1905: Albert Einstein, “Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper”. Annalen der Physik vol. 17, no. 10 (1905): 891–921. doi:10.1002/andp.19053221004 Einstein1911: Einstein “On the Influence of Gravitation on the Propagation of Light” Annalen der Physik vol. 35, 1911: 898-908; translated by Michael D. Godfrey. http://www.relativitycalculator.com/pdfs/On_the_influence_of_Gravitation_on_the_Propag ation_of_Light_English.pdf Hubble1929: Edwin Hubble, “Relation between Distance and Radial Velocity among Extra- Galactic Nebulae” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 15, no. 3 (1929): 168- 173. doi: 10.1073/pnas.15.3.168 Lemaître1931: Georges Lemaitre, “The Beginning of the World from the Point of View of Quantum Theory” Nature vol. 127 (9 May 1931): 706. doi:10.1038/127706b0 OppenheimerSnyder1939: J. R. Oppenheimer and H. Snyder, “On Continued Gravitational Contraction,” Physical Review vol. 56, no. 5 (1939): 455–459. doi: 10.1103/PhysRev.56.455 Einstein1939: Albert Einstein, “On a Stationary System With Spherical Symmetry Consisting of Many Gravitating Masses” Annals of Mathematics, Second Series, vol. 40, no. 4 (1939): 922- 936. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1968902 * Reber1944: Reber, Grote “Cosmic Static,” Astrophysical Journal, vol. 100 (1944): 279. doi: 10.1086/144668 Penrose1958: L. S. Penrose; R. Penrose “Impossible Objects: A special type of visual illusion” British Journal of Psychology, vol. 49, no. 1 (February 1958): 31–33. doi:10.1111/j.2044- 8295.1958.tb00634.x Penrose1962: R. Penrose, “The Light Cone at Infinity” in Conférence internationale sur les théories relativistes de la gravitation (Conference in Warsaw and Jablonna, 25-31 July, 1962 (Polish Acad. Sci. Warsaw), 369-373. Penrose1965: R. Penrose “Gravitational Collapse and Space-Time Singularities” Physical Review Letters vol. 14 (1965): 57–59. http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.14.57, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.14.57 DickePeeblesRollWilkinson1965: R. H. Dicke, P. J. E. Peebles, P. G. Roll, and D. T. Wilkinson, “Cosmic Black-Body Radiation.” Astrophysical Journal, vol. 142 (July 1965): 414-419. doi:10.1086/148306 PenziasWilson1965: A. A. Penzias and R. W. Wilson “A Measurement of Excess Antenna Temperature at 4080 Mc/s” Astrophysical Journal, vol. 142 (July 1965): 419-421. doi:10.1086/148307 Hawking1965: S. W. Hawking “On the Hoyle-Narlikar Theory of Gravitation” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences vol. 286, no. 1406 (20 July 1965): 313-319. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2415317
3 of 8 Hawking, by Ottaviani and Myrick | Reference List www.gt-labs.com
Hawking1966: S. W. Hawking, “Perturbations of an Expanding Universe” Astrophysical Journal, vol. 145 (1966): 544. doi: 10.1086/148793 * Wheeler1968: John Archibald Wheeler, “Our Universe: The Known and the Unknown“ American Scientist vol. 56, no. 1 (Spring 1968): 34A, 1-20. Penrose1969: R. Penrose, “Gravitational collapse: the role of general relativity.” Rivista del Nuovo Cimento Numero Speziale I, (1969): 252–276. (reprinted in Gen. Relativity Gravitation vol. 34, no. 7 (2002): 1141–1165. doi: 10.1023/A:1016578408204 HawkingPenrose1970: S. W. Hawking and R. Penrose, “The Singularities of Gravitational Collapse and Cosmology” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences vol. 314, no. 1519 (January 1970): 529-548. http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/314/1519/529 doi: 10.1098/rspa.1970.0021 * Hawking1971: S. W. Hawking, “Gravitational Radiation from Colliding Black Holes” Physical Review Letters vol. 26 (1971) 1344–1346. http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.26.1344, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.26.1344 * RuffiniWheeler1971: Remo Ruffini and John A. Wheeler, “Introducing the black hole,” Physics Today vol. 24, no. 1 (1971): 30-41. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3022513 Hawking1972: S. W. Hawking, “Black holes in general relativity”, Communications in Mathematical Physics vol. 25, no. 2 (1972): 152-166. doi: 10.1007/BF01877517 HartleHawking1972: J. B. Hartle and S. W. Hawking, “Solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations with many black holes” Communications in Mathematical Physics, vol. 26, no. 2 (1972): 87-101. doi: 10.1007/BF01645696 HawkingHartle1972: S. W. Hawking and J. B. Hartle, “Energy and angular momentum flow into a black hole” Communications in Mathematical Physics vol. 27, no. 4 (1972): 283-290. doi: 10.1007/BF01645515 Bekenstein1972: J. D. Bekenstein “Black holes and the second law” Lettere Al Nuovo Cimento Series 2, vol. 4, no. 15 (1972): 737-740. doi: 10.1007/BF02757029 Bekenstein1973: Jacob D. Bekenstein, “Black Holes and Entropy” Phys. Rev. D vol. 7 (1973): 2333–2346. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.7.2333 * Hawking1973: S. W. Hawking, “The Event Horizon” in Black Holes, ed. C. DeWitt and B.S. DeWitt (NY: Gordon and Breach, 1973), 1-55. CollinsHawking1973: C. B. Collins and S. W. Hawking, “Why is the Universe Isotropic?” Astrophysical Journal vol. 180 (1973): 317-334. doi:10.1086/151965 * BardeenCarterHawking1973: J. M. Bardeen, B. Carter, and S. W. Hawking “The four laws of black hole mechanics” Communications in Mathematical Physics vol. 31, no. 2 (1973): 161-170. * Hawking1974: S. W. Hawking “Black hole explosions?” Nature vol. 248 (1 March 1974): 30-31. doi:10.1038/248030a0 * Carter1974: B. Carter, “Large Number Coincidences and the Anthropic Principle in Cosmology” in: Confrontation of Cosmological Theories with Observational Data, M. S. Longair, ed. (Dordrecht: Reidel, 1974), pp. 291-298. Reprinted in: Modern Cosmology & Philosophy, J. Leslie ed., 2nd ed. (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 1998), pp. 131-139. HartleHawking1976: J. B. Hartle and S. W. Hawking, “Path-integral derivation of black-hole radiance” Phys. Rev. D vol. 13 (1976): 2188–2203. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.13.2188
4 of 8 Hawking, by Ottaviani and Myrick | Reference List www.gt-labs.com
* Hawking1976: S. W. Hawking, “Black Holes and Unpredictability” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 302, Eighth Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics (December 1977): 158–160. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb37044.x GibbonsHawkingPerry1978: G. W. Gibbons, S. W. Hawking, S. W., and M. J. Perry, “Path Integrals and the Indefiniteness of the Gravitational Action”. Nucl. Phys. B vol. 138 (1978): 141–150. doi:10.1016/0550-3213(78)90161-X * Ridpath1978: Ian Ridpath, “Black Hole Explorer” New Scientist (4 May 1978): 307-309. * CarrRees1979: B. J. Carr and M. J. Rees, “The anthropic principle and the structure of the physical world” Nature, vol. 278 (12 April 1979): 605-612. doi:10.1038/278605a0 HartleHawking1983: J.B. Hartle and S.W. Hawking “Wave function of the Universe” Phys. Rev. D vol. 28 (1983): 2960–2975. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.28.2960 * Hawking1985: S. W. Hawking, “Arrow of time in cosmology” Physical Review D vol. 32, no. 10 (1985), 2489-2495. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.32.2489 Page1985: Don N. Page, “Will entropy decrease if the Universe recollapses?” Physical Review D vol. 32, no. 10 (1985): 2496–2499. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.32.2496 * Hawking1989: S. W. Hawking, “Inflation Reputation Reparation”, Physics Today (February 1989): 15, 123. * Hawking1992: S. W. Hawking, “Chronology protection conjecture” Phys. Rev. D vol. 46 (1992): 603–611. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.46.603 Hawking1996: S. W. Hawking “Virtual Black Holes” (1996)
Other articles (non-technical)
“Utter Bilge?” Time Magazine, Monday, Jan. 16, 1956. “Interview of Dennis Sciama by Spencer Weart on April 14, 1978”, Spencer Weart, Niels Bohr Library & Archives, American Institute of Physics, College Park, MD USA,
5 of 8 Hawking, by Ottaviani and Myrick | Reference List www.gt-labs.com
“Monsignor Georges Lemaître” by A. Deprit in A. Barger (ed.) The Big Bang and Georges Lemaître. (Reidel: 1984). “The Talk of the Town: A Brief History” by Gerald Jonas, The New Yorker, April 18, 1988: 30-31. http://www.geraldjonas.com/stephen-hawking-interview-new-york-talk-of-the-town/ “A Master of the Universe” by Bryan Appleyard, The Sunday Times (London), Issue 8550 Sunday, June 19, 1988: 26-30; (The Sunday Times Magazine). “The big Big Bang book” by John Maddox, Nature vol. 336, 17 Nov. 1988: 267. “Brief history of hard times: Wednesday Interview” by Ellen Walton, The Guardian Aug 9, 1989: 17. “Playboy Interview: Stephen Hawking” by Morgan Strong, Playboy, April 1990: 63-74. “Desert Island Discs Castaway: Stephen Hawking” by Sue Lawley, BBC Radio 4 25 Dec 1992, http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/features/desert-island-discs/castaway/c48c8ecf “Chat With a Genius” by Edward Hegstrom July 2, 1993, Journal American https://www.washington.edu/doit/Press/genius.html “Hawking Gets Personal” by Michael D. Lemonick, Time, vol. 142 issue 13 Sept. 27, 1993: 80. “Finding a Voice to Carry On” in New Straits Times - Oct 3, 1994: 19: http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1309&dat=19941003&id=oDhOAAAAIBAJ&sjid=U xMEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6725,903415} “Intelligence Test” by Robert Crampton, The Times (London), Issue 65236 (Magazine), Saturday, April 8, 1995: 27-28. “Time travel: Truth not always stranger than science fiction” by rstevens, November 14, 2001 https://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/A97/94/63I40/index.xml ”Leaping the Abyss: Stephen Hawking on black holes, unified field theory, and Marilyn Monroe.” Gregory Benford, Reason, April 2002. http://reason.com/archives/2002/04/01/leaping-the-abyss “Gödel and the End of the Universe” S. W. Hawking
6 of 8 Hawking, by Ottaviani and Myrick | Reference List www.gt-labs.com
“Stephen Hawking warns about global warming” by Alexa Oleson, USA Today 22 Jun 2006. http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/tech/science/2006-06-22-hawking-warming_x.htm “Hawking takes zero-gravity flight” in BBC News: Science/Nature, 27 April 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6594821.stm “Charlie Rose - Martin Rees/Dr. Stephen Hawking & Lucy Hawking” (Original air date: March 7, 2008) PBS/WNET/Bloomberg/Charlie Rose LLC. “Hawking bets CERN mega-machine won't find ‘God’s Particle’”, (AFP) – Sep 9, 2008. http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jaOONGqv-xW- JhBOWgiNCVi6Rsmw “Peter Higgs launches stinging attack against Nobel rival” by Mike Wade, The Times [London (UK)] 11 Sep 2008: 8. http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/article1967056.ece “Guest Post — Kip Thorne on Stephen Hawking” by Sean Carroll, Discover: Cosmic Variance, February 11, 2009. http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/cosmicvariance/2009/02/11/guest- post-kip-thorne-on-stephen-hawking “Stephen Hawking’s Bedtime Stories” New Scientist, 18 Mar 2009. www.newscientist.com/article/mg20127001.100-stephen-hawkings-bedtime-stories.html “Stephen Hawking slideshow transcription” in BBC News: Newsnight, Thursday, 1 October 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/newsnight/8285100.stm “Gods of science: Stephen Hawking and Brian Cox discuss mind over matter” Stephen Hawking and Brian Cox, The Guardian, 10 September 2010. http://www.theguardian.com/science/2010/sep/11/science-stephen-hawking-brian-cox “Martin Rees: ‘We shouldn't attach any weight to what Hawking says about god’” The Independent, 27 September 2010. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/martin-rees-we-shouldnt-attach-any- weight-to-what-hawking-says-about-god-2090421.html “Life and the Cosmos, Word by Painstaking Word” by Dreifus, Claudia. New York Times, 10 May 2011: D.1. “Stephen Hawking: ‘There is no heaven; it’s a fairy story’” by Ian Sample, The Guardian, Sunday 15 May 2011 http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2011/may/15/stephen-hawking-interview- there-is-no-heaven “Hawking’s daughter on how ‘a black hole swallowed our family’” by Kathryn Knight, Updated: 09:28 EST, 31 July 2011. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article- 2020559/Stephen-Hawkings-daughter-Lucy-black-hole-swallowed-family.html “Stephen Hawking at 70: Exclusive Interview” New Scientist, issue 2846, 4 January 2012. http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21328460.500-stephen-hawking-at-70-exclusive- interview.html “Hawking: ‘Being a celebrity doesn’t last’” by Ashley Fudge, video by Tom Ellis, ITN News, Tue 17 Sep 2013. http://www.itn.co.uk/UK/85292/hawking--being-a-celebrity-doesnt-last “’In my dreams, I am always able-bodied’: Inside the mind of Stephen Hawking” by Giles Whittell The Times Magazine [London (UK)] 21 Sep 2013: 22. “Stephen Hawking: physics would be ‘more interesting’ if Higgs boson hadn’t been found” by Alok Jha, The Guardian, Tuesday 12 November 2013 11.12 EST.
7 of 8 Hawking, by Ottaviani and Myrick | Reference List www.gt-labs.com
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2013/nov/12/stephen-hawking-physics-higgs-boson- particle “Wired meets Professor Stephen Hawking” by Joao Medeiros, WIRED 01 January 2015. http://www.wired.co.uk/magazine/archive/2015/01/features/wired-meets-professor- hawking/
Sites
“Suctioning a Tracheostomy” http://www.tracheostomy.com/care/suction.htm “Geometry of the Universe” http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/cosmo/lectures/lec15.html “NASA Eclipse Web Site” http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse.html “The safety of the LHC” http://press.web.cern.ch/backgrounders/safety-lhc “Fred Hoyle: An Online Exhibition” http://www.joh.cam.ac.uk/library/special_collections/hoyle/exhibition/radio/ “Stephen Hawking Receives Medal Flown on Space Shuttle” 12.01.06 http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/behindscenes/hawking_copley.html “Black hole information bet” http://www.theory.caltech.edu/~preskill/info_bet.html “New bet on naked singularities” http://www.theory.caltech.edu/people/preskill/new_naked_bet.html “Greatest minds in physics playing poker” (Star Trek: “Descent, Part 1”) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mg8_cKxJZJY “NASA | The Big Bang” NASA Goddard https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LeUcjqqhNxM “LIGO Binary wave, image by T. Carnahan/NASA GSFC” http://www.ligo.org/science/GW- Overview/images/binary-wave.jpg and… Every single page on Wikipedia about cosmology, cosmologists, general relativity, science, literature, art, history, and music. www.wikipedia.org
People
Special thanks to Gordy and Lois Kane, Malcolm Perry and Anna Zytkow, Yvonne Nobis, and Judith Croasdell. They gave us the gifts of their encouragement, kindness, and time…not to mention access to ideas and people and places and things beyond what we could have dreamed of on our own.
8 of 8