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GOVFRNMfNT OF INDIA mCHMOlOGtUL SURVEY OF INDIA ,, Central Archaeological Library NEW DELHI acc wo, 70843 i:Ai,t. no MullNuV SIRAT-UN-NABI [THE LIFE OF THE PROPHET] f^a.-m-n^ (peace be upon him) Volume II O i 9 % k* •ALLAMA SHIBLI NU'MANI Rendered Into English by M. TAYYIB BAKHSH BUDAYUNI IDARAH-I ADABIYAT-I DELLI 2009 QASIMJAN ST DELHI (INDIA) IAD RELIGIO-PHILOSOPHY (REPRINT) SERIES NO. 36 fofST H :: jjf^'17 » First Published 1979 Reprint 1983 Price RS. 70 >I PRINTED IN INDIA PUBLISHED BY MOHAMMAD AHMAD FOR IDARAH-I ADBIYAT-I DELLI, 2009, QASIMJAN ST., DELHI-6 AND PRINTED AT JAYYED PRESS, BALLIMARAN, DELHI-6. r 7oFV3 CONTENTS Page PREFACE ... vii Ghazwat—The Battle of Badr 1. Expeditions Preceding Badr 6 2. The Battle of Badr ... 11 3. The Battle of Badr spoken in the Qur'Sn ... 31 4. A Review of the Battle of Badr ... 35 5. The Real Cause of the Ghazwa of Badr ... 49 6. An Essential Point ... 52 7. Consequences of Badr ... 53 8. Ghazwa of Sawiq ... 54 9. Marriage of Eatima ... 55 10. Miscellaneous Events ... 57 Ghazwa Uhud 11. Ghazwa Uhud ... 58 '.8. Miscellaneous Events ... 75 Ghazwat and Saraya 13. Sirya Abi Salama ... 77 i. Sirya Ibn Unais ... 77 .5. Sirya Bi'r Ma'flna ... 77 16. Sirya Raji* ... 79 17. Miscellaneous Happenings ... 82 (it,) Treaty and War 18. Treaty and War with the Jews ... 83 19. Ghazwa Baai Qainuqa' ... 90 20. Murder of Ka'b Ibn Ashraf ... 91 21. Ghazwa Bani Nadir ... 94 Ghazwa Morisi', Event of Ifk and Ghazwa Ahzat 22. Ghazwa Dflmat al-Dandal ... 99 23. Ghazwa Murisi' or Bani Mustaliq ... 100 24. Marriage with Juwairiya ... 103 25. The Event of Ifk (False Accusation) ... 105 26. Ghazwa Ahzab ... 106 27. End of the Banu Quraiza ... 119 28. The False Story of Raihana ... 125 29. Marriage with Zaxnab ... 126 SO. Miscellaneous Incidents ... 130 Treaty of Hudaibiya and the Bai'at al-Ridwan 31. Treaty of Hudaibiya ... 132 32. Bai'at al-Ridwan ... 138 33. Rulers invited to Islam ... 146 34. Miscellaneous Inoidents .. 154 Ghazwa Khaibar 35. Ghazwa Khaibar ... 156 36. Ghazwa DM Darad ... 159 <«) 37. Truth about Safiyya ... 169 <*» , 38. Another Debatable Point ... 176 7^ 39. Distribution of Land ... 177 ^ 40. Political Conditions and Legal Regulations ... 178 41. Wadi al-Qura and Fadak ... 180 i ^ 1 u-~ 42. Performance of 'Umra ... ISO The Battle of Mota «fi* 43. The Battle of Muta ... 183 it The Conquest of Mecca ~0 44. The Conquest of Mecca ... 187 ""*=»- 45. The Sermon of Victory ... 195 t 46. Main Implications of the Sermon ... 195 £ 47. Proclaimed Culprits ... 199 ' ~i 48. Valuables of the Ka'ba ... 203 •s: £> 49. Conquest of Mecca and Destruction of Idols ... 204 £ Hawazin and Thaqif Jg 50. Hunain ... 206 3* 51. Autas ... 214 ^ 52. Siege of Ta'if ... 215 <§ 53. Distribution of Booty ... 217 ~yz> 54. Miscellaneous Incidents ... 220 55. Takh'ir or Temporary Separation ... 221r 56. False Stories ^ ... 230 (vi) The Battle of Tabuk 57. Ghazwa Tabuk ... 235 58. The Dirar Mosque ... 238 59. Hajj and Declaration of Quittance ... 239 60. Defence ... 257 61. Harassment of the Trade-Caravan ... 259 62. Restoration of Law and Order ... 261 63. Reasons for Surprise Attacks ... 265 64. Propagation of Islam ... 267 65. Methods of War Reformed ... 271 66. War becomes an Aot of Piety ... 280 67. Distinction between a Prophet and a Conqueror ... 283 INDEX ... 285 PREFACE This book is the Second Volume of English Translation of Sirat-un-Nabi originally written in Urdu by the late 'Allama Shibli Nu'mani, a well-known Muslim historian who requires no commendation. His famous work Sirat-un-Nabi also hardly stands in need of any introduction. Translation in itself is a difficult task but Mr. Budayuoi has made a very successful attempt. He has the full com- mand of both the languages, Urdu as well as English, the one- translated from and the other translated into. This trans- lation is, therefore, not only accurate but couched in good English. The First Volume of the English Translation of Sirat-un- Nabi has been greatly admired by the reader within and out- side the country. This Second Volume deals with Ghaztoat and we hope that reader will like it. We are highly obliged to Mr. Muhammad Iqbal Siddiqi who revised the manuscript and prepared it for the press. MUHAMMAD IKRAM SIDDIQI {vii) GHAZAWAT1 If the Muslim writer, when he comes to speak of military exploits, is fond of* a grandiloquent style and windy discourse, the European ear, curiously enough, is not the less eager to listen to it. The Western listener desires to see the story grow and expand ever more ; for the ghastly spectacle of Muslim tyrannies that he contemplates to paiat would for his artistry, require, not a few drops, but full stream of human blood. European writers, one and all, , have penned down the biography of the Prophet (peace and blessings of. Allah be upon him) so as to make it look one continuous chain of wars, all intended to convert people by force. This being a down- right lie, we consider it necessary to decide this issue before we deal with the Maghazl. It is generally thought that so long as Islam was confined to Mecca, it was subject to all sorts of hardships, but when it Bhifted to Medina its evil days came to a sudden end. This, however, is a mistaken idea. Islam had, no doubt, tremen- dous trouble at Mecca. With all that, it was a single trouble. At Medina it multiplied itself and put on varied forms. All Mecca was one community ; at Medina there were the Jews along with the Ansar, who had little in common with their neighbours in custom, habit, religion and integrity of charac- We have reserved a separate chapter for dealing with the causes and events of these battles. They would not fit well in the general sketch as mere side-issues. But that perhaps can be appreciated only after a summary glanoe over the battles, and hence we place it at the end. Headers arc requested to keep this in mind. ter, and stood as their rivals. To make matters worse, a third element, namely the Hypocrites, came upon the scene. Housed inside the fold of Islam they were more dangerous than either the Jews or the Quraish. Had Mecca been won, the whole of Arabia should have bowed down because of its extensive influence. Medina had no influence beyond the city wall. Hitherto it had enjoyed complete immunity from outside dangers ; but with the arrival of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), it had become the main target of the infuriated Quraish. A few days after the arrival of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah bo upon him) from Mecca, the Quraish addressed a letter to 'Abdullah Ibn Ufabay, who had been the leading chief in Medina and whom the Ansar were preparing tp"instal as their king at a royal coronation. This letter ran as follows : "You have given shelter to our man. We tell you either to kill him or turn him out of Medina ; otherwise we swear by God that we will all attack you and destroy you, and seize your women." 1 When the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) heard of this he went to 'Abdullah Ibn Ubbay, and asked him if he would fight his own sons and brothers. As a, large number of Ansar had turned Muslims, 'Abdullah Ibn Ubbay realised the significance of the Prophet's remark, and did not comply with the commands of the Quraish. After the battle ofBadr another letter with similar contents was addressed by "the Quraish, of which we shall speak later on. Al! the same, the encouragement by the Quraish had turned the head of the Hypocrites and the Jews of Medina. During this period, i.e., before the battle of Badr, the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) once 1. Sa/iiA al-Biikhari, Chapter "Salutation" —S, rode through the habitations of the Banu Harith and Band Khazraj. He came upon a group of non-believers and hypo- crites sitting with a number of Muslims and Jews. As the donkey moved, some dust was raised. 'Abdullah Ibn XJbbay covered his face with a piece of cloth, and contemptuously told the Prophet not to raise dusfc in that manner. The Prophet saluted the gathering and recited a few Verses of the Qur'an. "0 man", said 'Abdullah Ibn Ubbay, 1 "I do not like this. Even if your words are true, you need not disturb us in our meetings ; better speak to those who go to you." The Muslims got ablaze at this insult and would have oome to blows had not the Prophet intervened and paoified the parties. Once, during the pre-Badr period, Sa'd Ibn Mu'adh, the chief of the tribe of Aus, visited Mecca to perform his 'Umra. Umayya Ibn Khalaf had been his old fuend, and this friend- ship had outlasted Sa'd's conversion to Islam. Accordingly, Sa'd put up with Umayya at Mecca. One day Sa'd and Umayya were both on the way to the Ka'ba for making a Tawdf (circumambulation round the Ka'ba), when they came across Abu Jahl. "Who goes with you," asked Abu Jahl of Umayya." "He is Sa'd," said Umayya. Then Abu Jahl turned to Sa'd and said, "You people have given shelter to the Sabaean (the non-believers of Mecca called the Prophet and the Muslims Sabaeans or the apostates).
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