DOCSLIB.ORG

History of the Islamic State's Institutions and the Rightly Guided Caliphs ﷺ the Prophet Muhammad

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
History of the Islamic State's Institutions and the Rightly Guided Caliphs ﷺ the Prophet Muhammad History of the Islamic State's Institutions and the Rightly Guided Caliphs ﷺ The Prophet Muhammad Volume 1 AK Newell Contents Contents .............................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................... 12 16 ................................................................................................................. ﷺ The Islamic State of Prophet Muhammad 1. Summary ................................................................................................................................................................. 16 2. Biography ............................................................................................................................................................... 17 3. Bay’ah Contract ....................................................................................................................................................... 17 4. Government Structure ............................................................................................................................................ 18 4.1 Shura .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 4.2 Media Representatives ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20 4.3 Organisation Chart ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 21 5. The Treasury............................................................................................................................................................ 22 5.1 Organisation Chart ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 25 6. People’s Affairs (administration) & Judiciary ......................................................................................................... 26 6.1 The Hajj ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 27 6.2 The Mosques ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 6.3 Judiciary ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 6.4 Education ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 29 6.5 Organisation Chart ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30 7. Internal Security, Foreign Affairs and Industry ....................................................................................................... 31 7.1 Internal Security (Police) ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 2 7.2 Foreign Affairs ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 7.3 Trade and Industry .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 33 7.4 Organisation Chart ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 34 8. The Army ................................................................................................................................................................. 35 8.1 Flags and banners ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40 8.2 Organisation Chart ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 42 8.3 Organisation Chart Continued .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 43 9. Map of the state ...................................................................................................................................................... 44 10. Provinces (Wiliyaat) ................................................................................................................................................ 45 10.1 Arabian Peninsula ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 47 10.2 Yemen .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 48 10.3 Organisation Chart ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 50 11. Spread of Islam ....................................................................................................................................................... 51 The Caliphate of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq ............................................................................................................................ 62 1. Summary ................................................................................................................................................................. 62 2. Biography ............................................................................................................................................................... 63 2.1 The Caliph’s Age ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 65 3. Bay’ah Contract ....................................................................................................................................................... 67 69 ................................................................................................................................................................................ ﷺ Delaying the burial of the Prophet 3.1 4. Government Structure ............................................................................................................................................ 70 4.1 The title of Caliph ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 71 4.2 Caliph’s salary ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 71 4.3 Accountability ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 72 3 4.4 Shura .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 73 4.5 Treasury ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 73 4.6 Judiciary ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Join the MCA Mailing List and Stay Connected Advertisements Is Tuesday at 5:00 PM 2 46
    PRAYER TIMINGS Effective 02/13 MCA NOOR Fajr 6:10 6:10 Dhuhr 12:35 12:35 Asr 3:45 4:30 Maghrib Sunset Sunset Isha 7:20 7:20 Juma 1 12:15 12:15 Juma 2 01:00 01:00 Newsletter Juma 2 01:45 01:45 Published Weekly by the Muslim Community Association of San Francisco Bay Area www.mcabayarea.org Jamadi ‘II 30, 1442 AH Friday, February 12, 2021 Grand Mosque of Brussels AL-QURAN And to Allah belong the best names, so invoke Him by them. And leave [the company of] those who practice deviation concerning His names.1 They will be recompensed for what they have been doing. Quran: 7:180 HADITH Narrated/Authority of Abdullah bin Amr: Once the Prophet remained behind us in a journey. He joined us while we were performing ablution for the prayer which was over-due. We were just passing wet hands over our feet (and not washing them properly) so the Prophet addressed us in a loud voice and said twice or thrice: “Save your heels from the fire.” Al-Bukhari: Ch 3, No. 57 Final Deadline to submit Join the MCA Mailing List and Stay Connected Advertisements is Tuesday at 5:00 PM www.mcabayarea.org/newsletter 2 46. Al-Hakeem (The Wise One) The Wise, The Judge of Judges, The One who is correct in His doings. “And to Allah belong the best names, so invoke Him by them.” [Quran 7:180] 3 Youth Corner Mahmoud’s Love for Basketball There was a boy who was 9 years old, standing tall at he didn’t like was every Friday night the basketball court the gate “HEY” and his adrenaline freezes, the ball 4 feet and 5 inches, and weighing a whole 90 pounds.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxation in Islam
    Taxation in Islam The following article is based on the book Funds in the Khilafah State which is a translation of Al-Amwal fi Dowlat Al-Khilafah by Abdul-Qadeem Zalloom.1 Allah (swt) has revealed a comprehensive economic system that details all aspects of economic life including government revenues and taxation. In origin, the permanent sources of revenue for the Bait ul-Mal (State Treasury) should be sufficient to cover the obligatory expenditure of the Islamic State. These revenues that Shar’a (Islamic Law) has defined are: Fa’i, Jizya, Kharaj, Ushur, and income from Public properties. The financial burdens placed on modern states today are far higher than in previous times. When the Caliphate is re-established it will need to finance a huge re-development and industrial programme to reverse centuries of decline, and bring the Muslim world fully into the 21st century. Because of this, the Bait ul-Mal’s permanent sources of revenue may be insufficient to cover all the needs and interests the Caliphate is obliged to spend upon. In such a situation where the Bait ul-Mal’s revenues are insufficient to meet the Caliphate’s budgetary requirements, the Islamic obligation transfers from the Bait ul-Mal to the Muslims as a whole. This is because Allah (swt) has obliged the Muslims to spend on these needs and interests, and their failure to spend on them will lead to the harming of Muslims. Allah (swt) obliged the State and the Ummah to remove any harm from the Muslims. It was related on the authority of Abu Sa’id al-Khudri, (ra), that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “It is not allowed to do harm nor to allow being harmed.” [Ibn Majah, Al-Daraqutni] Therefore, Allah (swt) has obliged the State to collect money from the Muslims in order to cover its obligatory expenditure.
    [Show full text]
  • The Transformation of Middle Eastern Cities in the 12 Century
    Stefan Heidemann, Jena University The Transformation of Middle Eastern Cities in the 12th Century: Financing Urban Renewal The scope of the project1 The 12th century was a period of rapid change in the Middle East. It was a time of renewal as well as completion as the cityscapes’ Islamization came to a head. In Syria and Northern Mesopotamia a vast building program finally transformed the late Roman/early Islamic city of the sixth to the tenth centuries⎯followed by almost two centuries of decline⎯to the prosperous medieval city of the twelfth to sixteenth centuries, which can be still seen in the old towns of modern cities in the Middle East. The majority of the urban populations had become Muslim, and, with the appearance of a strong Muslim constituency, the cities became dominated by Islamic buildings and institutions, such as congregational mosques, schools of higher learning (madrasa), convents for mystics (khanqah), and hospitals. The period prior to the Seljuq conquest of Syria in 1087 witnessed urban decline. The beginning of the urban, political and economic renaissance2, and the extensive Zangid3 1 This chapter of my research project ‘the transformation of the Middle Eastern Cities in the 12th Century’ would not have been possible without the stimulating academic environment created by the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at MIT by invitation of Prof. Nasser Rabbat. Since 2004 this project is supported by the German Research Foundations (DFG) as ‘The New Economic Dynamics in the Zangid and Ayyubid Period’. The extended annotated version of this contribution will appear in Miriam Frenkel and Yaacov Lev (eds.), Charity in the Late Antiquity and Medieval Islam (Abhandlungen für die Kunde des Morgenlandes), Wiesbaden (forthcoming).
    [Show full text]
  • Muadh Ibn Jabal a Tremendous Admonition
    A Tremendous Admonition from Mu’ādh bin Jabal His Amazing Life: The Status of Knowledge and its Fruits By Abu Khadeejah Abdul-Wāhid Alam 1 of 18 abukhadeejah.com ّ ْ َ ْ َ ّ َ ْ َ ُ ُ َ َ ْ َ ُ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ُ ُ ّ ْ ٕان المد ِ&ِ نمده ونستعِينه ونستغفِره ونعوذ بِا&ِ ِمن َ َ ُ ُ ٔ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ ّ َ ٔ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ّ ُ َ َ ُ ّ شورِ انف ِسنا و ِمن سيِئا ِت اعما ِلا من يه ِدهِ ا& فD م ِضل َ َ ْ ُ ْ ْ َ َ َ َ َٔ ْ َ ُ َٔ ْ َ َ ّ ّ ُ ْ َ َ ُل َومن يضلِل فD ها ِد َي ُل َواشهد ان R ٕا َل ٕاR ا& َوحد ُه R َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ٔ ْ َ ُ ٔ ّ ُ َ ّ ً َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ُ ُ ُ ِشيك ل واشهد ان ممدا عبده ورسول Praise is due to Allah, we praise Him and we seek His help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge with Allah from the evil of our own souls and from our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allah guides will never be led astray and whomsoever is led astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, alone without partner or associate, and that Muhammad () is His slave and His Messenger.
    [Show full text]
  • The Protection of Forced Migrants in Islamic Law
    NEW ISSUES IN REFUGEE RESEARCH Research Paper No. 146 The protection of forced migrants in Islamic law Kirsten Zaat University of Melbourne Law School Australia E-mail : [email protected] December 2007 Policy Development and Evaluation Service Policy Development and Evaluation Service United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees P.O. Box 2500, 1211 Geneva 2 Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] Web Site: www.unhcr.org These papers provide a means for UNHCR staff, consultants, interns and associates, as well as external researchers, to publish the preliminary results of their research on refugee-related issues. The papers do not represent the official views of UNHCR. They are also available online under ‘publications’ at <www.unhcr.org>. ISSN 1020-7473 Justice, kindness and charity* Despite Muslim States hosting large numbers of refugees1 and internally displaced persons (IDPs)2, the inherent protection and assistance afforded to forced migrants at Islamic Law3 has largely been overlooked. There is no readily available particularised fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) on the matter, and it was not until the early 1990s that a few Islamic scholars began delving into the Shariah in the interests of finding Islamic modes of protection. Since that time, with the exception of a few recent fatwas, little academic scholarship has persisted despite the fact that the Sharia presents as a rich source of protection and assistance for forced migrants. This article seeks to lay the ground work for establishing an Islamic protection framework by consolidating and expanding existing efforts which have identify various yet incomplete modes of protection at Islamic Law.4 The author seeks to support the development of an indigenous, culturally viable Islamic protection framework which draws heavily upon long-held5 norms6 prevalent throughout the * Q16:90, “God enjoins justice, kindness and charity to one’s kindred [humanity], and forbids indecency, reprehensible conduct and oppression.” See Dawood, N.J.
    [Show full text]
  • Proquest Dissertations
    The history of the conquest of Egypt, being a partial translation of Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam's "Futuh Misr" and an analysis of this translation Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Hilloowala, Yasmin, 1969- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 21:08:06 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282810 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly fi-om the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectiotiing the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book.
    [Show full text]
  • Abdullah Ibn Rawahah." People Prepared Themselves to Set Off
    THE BATTLES OF THE PROPHET BY IBN KATHIR THE BATTLES OF THE PROPHET Ibn Kathir Translated by Wa'il Abdul Mufaal Shihab Dar Al-Manarah For Translation, Publishing & Distribution El-Mansoura - Egypt Tel.: 002050/384254 - Fax : 002050/310501 Hand phone: 012/3605049 P.O.BOX : 35I38 ® Dar Al-Manarah for Translation, Publishing & Distribution First edition 1420/2000 Second edition 1421/2001 1 * * * Dar Al-Manarah For Translation, Publishing& Distribution - El-Mansoura - Egypt Tel : 002050/384254 - Fax : 310501 Hand phone : 012/3605049 P.O.BOX : 35I38 Translator's Note Praise be to Allah. We thank Him, seek His Help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge in Allah from the evils within ourselves and that of our bad deeds. He whom Allah guides, is truly guided, and whom he Allah leaves to stray, none can guide him. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His final Prophet. In fact, the task of translation is not an easy one. Rather, it is a tremendous one, particularly when it is related to religion. So, I ask Allah to forgive my sins and dedicate this work for His Sake. However, I would like to draw the attention of the readers to the following points: a) This translation is not literal one. Rather, it is an abridged translation. b) The translation of the Qur'anic verses are quoted from Yusuf 'Ali's translation of The Holy Q'ur'an. c) When I see it is necessary to comment on something I put it between square brackets: [t. J. d) This work is a part of Ibn Kathir's valuable work Al- Bidayyah wan-Nihayyah.
    [Show full text]
  • Hizb Ut-Tahrir Ideology and Strategy
    HIZB UT-TAHRIR IDEOLOGY AND STRATEGY “The fierce struggle… between the Muslims and the Kuffar, has been intense ever since the dawn of Islam... It will continue in this way – a bloody struggle alongside the intellectual struggle – until the Hour comes and Allah inherits the Earth...” Hizb ut-Tahrir The Centre for Social Cohesion Houriya Ahmed & Hannah Stuart HIZB UT-TAHRIR IDEOLOGY AND STRATEGY “The fierce struggle… between the Muslims and the Kuffar, has been intense ever since the dawn of Islam... It will continue in this way – a bloody struggle alongside the intellectual struggle – until the Hour comes and Allah inherits the Earth...” Hizb ut-Tahrir The Centre for Social Cohesion Houriya Ahmed & Hannah Stuart Hizb ut-Tahrir Ideology and Strategy Houriya Ahmed and Hannah Stuart 2009 The Centre for Social Cohesion Clutha House, 10 Storey’s Gate London SW1P 3AY Tel: +44 (0)20 7222 8909 Fax: +44 (0)5 601527476 Email: [email protected] www.socialcohesion.co.uk The Centre for Social Cohesion Limited by guarantee Registered in England and Wales: No. 06609071 © The Centre for Social Cohesion, November 2009 All the Institute’s publications seek to further its objective of promoting human rights for the benefit of the public. The views expressed are those of the author, not of the Institute. Hizb ut-Tahrir: Ideology and Strategy By Houriya Ahmed and Hannah Stuart ISBN 978-0-9560013-4-4 All rights reserved The map on the front cover depicts Hizb ut-Tahrir’s vision for its Caliphate in ‘Islamic Lands’ ABOUT THE AUTHORS Houriya Ahmed is a Research Fellow at the Centre for Social Cohesion (CSC).
    [Show full text]
  • The Measures of the Financial and Agricultural Reformation During The
    (02)34–Ä®œŮřſƙ¦®®Ŷƃ¦ -ŗƒƈœŪƈƗ¦¿ÂƄŶƃ¦Â¼Âƀšƃ¦ŗƄŞƆ ŗŽƄŞƃœŕ°ÂŬœŵÀœƒ±ŗŶƆœŞ The Measures of the Financial and agricultural Reformation during the 1st Era The Measures of the Financial and agricultural Reformation during the 1st Era of the Abbasid State By Djouad Moussa University Constantine Abstract : This study aims to show that the early Abbasids were very interested to form a good economic. They focused on two main fields of economic ;agriculture and finance. They tried to be strict during dealing with the sources and the expences . They tried to rationalize their economic according to the available agricutural and financial sourses, Al-anbari and Abu-youcuf…such as decreasing the taxes on the farmersand suggesting the system of Almuqasamah … Keywords :-finance.- reform.- abbasids.- ministers.- economic.–system.–taxes. – al- kharaj. :ǎƼǴǷ .ƨȈdzƢŭ¦Âƨǟ¦°DŽdz¦Ƣŷśȇ®ƢǐƬǫ¦śƦǻƢƳȄǴǟ¦ÂDŽǯ°Ǯdzǀdz .DzǷƢǰƬǷÄȂǫ ®ƢǐƬǫ¦ǺȇȂǰƬƥDzƟ¦Âȋ¦śȈLJƢƦǠdz¦ ƢǨǴŬ¦¿ƢǸƬǿ¦ÄȂǫƾǬdz ǦLJȂȇȂƥ¢ÂÄŐǼǠdz¦ÂǞǨǬŭ¦Ǻƥ¦ǶȀȈǧǺŠ ¦°±Ȃdz¦Â§ƢƬǰdz¦ ŚǿƢnjǷ©ƢƷ¦ŗǫ¦ȄǴǟǺȇƾǸƬǠǷ .©ƢǬǨǼdz¦ƾȈNjǂƫ®°¦Ȃŭ¦ƾȇƾަȂdzÂƢƸǧ ...ǶǿŚǣ ƤƟ¦ǂǔdz¦ .«¦ǂŬ¦¿Ƣǜǻ .ƨũƢǬŭ¦ ÀȂȈLJƢƦǠdz¦ .®ƢǐƬǫ¦ .¬ȐǏ¤ .§ƢƬǰdz¦ . ¦°±Ȃdz¦ .ƨȈdzƢŭ¦ƨȈƷƢƬǨŭ¦©ƢǸǴǰdz¦ The Abbasids started the operation of the economic reformation. They begun with the lands reclamation and digging the rivers, forming the farms. This agricultural domain based on feudalism of the death lands. So the schoolars were interested in developing the economical and the financial system . they encouraged increasing the land surface, inorder to exploit it to get an integrated economy. 1/the financial policy of the early abbasid caliphs : The benefit of any state requires to exist a good financial system. As a result of the abbasid revolution , the general abbasid life was affected.
    [Show full text]
  • Stories of the Prophets
    Stories of the Prophets Written by Al-Imam ibn Kathir Translated by Muhammad Mustapha Geme’ah, Al-Azhar Stories of the Prophets Al-Imam ibn Kathir Contents 1. Prophet Adam 2. Prophet Idris (Enoch) 3. Prophet Nuh (Noah) 4. Prophet Hud 5. Prophet Salih 6. Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) 7. Prophet Isma'il (Ishmael) 8. Prophet Ishaq (Isaac) 9. Prophet Yaqub (Jacob) 10. Prophet Lot (Lot) 11. Prophet Shuaib 12. Prophet Yusuf (Joseph) 13. Prophet Ayoub (Job) 14 . Prophet Dhul-Kifl 15. Prophet Yunus (Jonah) 16. Prophet Musa (Moses) & Harun (Aaron) 17. Prophet Hizqeel (Ezekiel) 18. Prophet Elyas (Elisha) 19. Prophet Shammil (Samuel) 20. Prophet Dawud (David) 21. Prophet Sulaiman (Soloman) 22. Prophet Shia (Isaiah) 23. Prophet Aramaya (Jeremiah) 24. Prophet Daniel 25. Prophet Uzair (Ezra) 26. Prophet Zakariyah (Zechariah) 27. Prophet Yahya (John) 28. Prophet Isa (Jesus) 29. Prophet Muhammad Prophet Adam Informing the Angels About Adam Allah the Almighty revealed: "Remember when your Lord said to the angels: 'Verily, I am going to place mankind generations after generations on earth.' They said: 'Will You place therein those who will make mischief therein and shed blood, while we glorify You with praises and thanks (exalted be You above all that they associate with You as partners) and sanctify You.' Allah said: 'I know that which you do not know.' Allah taught Adam all the names of everything, then He showed them to the angels and said: "Tell Me the names of these if you are truthful." They (angels) said: "Glory be to You, we have no knowledge except what You have taught us.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Sustainable Development Goals and the Role of Islamic Finance
    WPS7266 Policy Research Working Paper 7266 Public Disclosure Authorized On the Sustainable Development Goals and the Role of Islamic Finance Public Disclosure Authorized Habib Ahmed Mahmoud Mohieldin with Jos Verbeek Farida Aboulmagd Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Office of the President’s Special Envoy on Post 2015 May 2015 Policy Research Working Paper 7266 Abstract The Sustainable Development Goals, the global development mobilized if the world is to succeed in meeting its targets. agenda for 2015 through 2030, will require unprecedented Thus, the potential for Islamic finance to play a role in sup- mobilization of resources to support their implementation. porting the Sustainable Development Goals is explored in Their predecessor, the Millennium Development Goals, this paper. Given the principles of Islamic finance that sup- focused on a limited number of concrete, global human port socially inclusive and development promoting activities, development targets that can be monitored by statistically the Islamic financial sector has the potential to contribute robust indicators. The Millennium Development Goals to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. set the stage for global support of ambitious development The paper examines the role of Islamic financial institutions, goals behind which the world must rally. The Sustainable capital markets, and the social sector in promoting strong Development Goals bring forward the unfinished business growth, enhanced financial inclusion, and intermediation, of the Millennium Development Goals and go even further. reducing risks and vulnerability of the poor and more Because of the transformative and sustainable nature of the broadly contributing to financial stability and development. new development agenda, all possible resources must be This paper is a product of the Office of the President’s Special Envoy on Post 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • The Biography of the Prophet This Book Is Not Copyrighted
    ﺳﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ The Prophet's Biography May Allah exalt his Mention 1 Copyright © This book has been adapted from The Biography of the Prophet This book is not copyrighted. Any or all parts of this book may be used for educational pur- poses as long as the information used is not in any way quoted out of context or used for profit. This material has been reviewed and forwarded for publishing and distribution by the Eng- lish language section of the Department of Islamic Resources. Form #: 4606 Date: 14/01/1427 If you have any corrections, comments, or questions about this publication, please feel free to contact us at: [email protected] www.islamhouse.com 2 Pre-Prophethood Religious Conditions Great religions of the world had spread the light of faith, morality and learning in the ages past. However, by the sixth century AD, so completely were their scriptures and teachings distorted that had the founder or the Prophet of any one of them returned to Earth, he would unquestionably have refused his own religion and denounced its followers as apos- tates and idolaters. Judaism had, by then, been reduced to an amalgam of dead rituals and sacraments with- out any spark of life left in it. Also, being a religion upholding a strong racial identity, it never had a message for other nations or for the good of the humanity at large. Through mysticism and magic many polytheistic ideas and customs again found their way among the people, and the Talmud confirms the fact that idolatrous worship is seductive.
    [Show full text]