Permophiles Issue #53 June 2009 EXECUTIVE NOTES Notes from the SPS Secretary Logic Ages for This Interval in the Region Are from the Usolka Section
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Do Gssps Render Dual Time-Rock/Time Classification and Nomenclature Redundant?
Do GSSPs render dual time-rock/time classification and nomenclature redundant? Ismael Ferrusquía-Villafranca1 Robert M. Easton2 and Donald E. Owen3 1Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México, DF, MEX, 45100, e-mail: [email protected] 2Ontario Geological Survey, Precambrian Geoscience Section, 933 Ramsey Lake Road, B7064 Sudbury, Ontario P3E 6B5, e-mail: [email protected] 3Department of Geology, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: The Geological Society of London Proposal for “…ending the distinction between the dual stratigraphic terminology of time-rock units (of chronostratigraphy) and geologic time units (of geochronology). The long held, but widely misunderstood distinc- tion between these two essentially parallel time scales has been rendered unnecessary by the adoption of the global stratotype sections and points (GSSP-golden spike) principle in defining intervals of geologic time within rock strata.” Our review of stratigraphic princi- ples, concepts, models and paradigms through history clearly shows that the GSL Proposal is flawed and if adopted will be of disservice to the stratigraphic community. We recommend the continued use of the dual stratigraphic terminology of chronostratigraphy and geochronology for the following reasons: (1) time-rock (chronostratigraphic) and geologic time (geochronologic) units are conceptually different; (2) the subtended time-rock’s unit space between its “golden spiked-marked” -
“Anthropocene” Epoch: Scientific Decision Or Political Statement?
The “Anthropocene” epoch: Scientific decision or political statement? Stanley C. Finney*, Dept. of Geological Sciences, California Official recognition of the concept would invite State University at Long Beach, Long Beach, California 90277, cross-disciplinary science. And it would encourage a mindset USA; and Lucy E. Edwards**, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, that will be important not only to fully understand the Virginia 20192, USA transformation now occurring but to take action to control it. … Humans may yet ensure that these early years of the ABSTRACT Anthropocene are a geological glitch and not just a prelude The proposal for the “Anthropocene” epoch as a formal unit of to a far more severe disruption. But the first step is to recognize, the geologic time scale has received extensive attention in scien- as the term Anthropocene invites us to do, that we are tific and public media. However, most articles on the in the driver’s seat. (Nature, 2011, p. 254) Anthropocene misrepresent the nature of the units of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart, which is produced by That editorial, as with most articles on the Anthropocene, did the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) and serves as not consider the mission of the International Commission on the basis for the geologic time scale. The stratigraphic record of Stratigraphy (ICS), nor did it present an understanding of the the Anthropocene is minimal, especially with its recently nature of the units of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart proposed beginning in 1945; it is that of a human lifespan, and on which the units of the geologic time scale are based. -
Scientific Dating of Pleistocene Sites: Guidelines for Best Practice Contents
Consultation Draft Scientific Dating of Pleistocene Sites: Guidelines for Best Practice Contents Foreword............................................................................................................................. 3 PART 1 - OVERVIEW .............................................................................................................. 3 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 3 The Quaternary stratigraphical framework ........................................................................ 4 Palaeogeography ........................................................................................................... 6 Fitting the archaeological record into this dynamic landscape .............................................. 6 Shorter-timescale division of the Late Pleistocene .............................................................. 7 2. Scientific Dating methods for the Pleistocene ................................................................. 8 Radiometric methods ..................................................................................................... 8 Trapped Charge Methods................................................................................................ 9 Other scientific dating methods ......................................................................................10 Relative dating methods ................................................................................................10 -
A Stable Isotopic Investigation of Resource Partitioning Among Neosauropod Dinosaurs of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation
A stable isotopic investigation of resource partitioning among neosauropod dinosaurs of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation Benjamin T. Breeden, III SID: 110305422 [email protected] GEOL394H University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Geology 29 April 2011 Advisors: Dr. Thomas R. Holtz1, Jr., Dr. Alan Jay Kaufman1, and Dr. Matthew T. Carrano2 1: University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Geology 2: National Museum of Natural History, Department of Paleobiology ABSTRACT For more than a century, morphological studies have been used to attempt to understand the partitioning of resources in the Morrison Fauna, particularly between members of the two major clades of neosauropod (long-necked, megaherbivorous) dinosaurs: Diplodocidae and Macronaria. While it is generally accepted that most macronarians fed 3-5m above the ground, the feeding habits of diplodocids are somewhat more enigmatic; it is not clear whether diplodocids fed higher or lower than macronarians. While many studies exploring sauropod resource portioning have focused on differences in the morphologies of the two groups, few have utilized geochemical evidence. Stable isotope geochemistry has become an increasingly common and reliable means of investigating paleoecological questions, and due to the resistance of tooth enamel to diagenetic alteration, fossil teeth can provide invaluable paleoecological and behavioral data that would be otherwise unobtainable. Studies in the Ituri Rainforest in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, have shown that stable isotope ratios measured in the teeth of herbivores reflect the heights at which these animals fed in the forest due to isotopic variation in plants with height caused by differences in humidity at the forest floor and the top of the forest exposed to the atmosphere. -
Geology and Mineral Resources of the Randolph Quadrangle, Utah -Wyoming
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Harold L. Ickes, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. C. Mendenhall, Director Bulletin 923 GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE RANDOLPH QUADRANGLE, UTAH -WYOMING BY G. B. RICHARDSON UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1941 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. O. ......... Price 55 cents HALL LIBRARY CONTENTS Pag* Abstract.____________--__-_-_-___-___-_---------------__----_____- 1 Introduction- ____________-__-___---__-_-_---_-_-----_----- -_______ 1 Topography. _____________________________________________________ 3 Bear River Range._.___---_-_---_-.---.---___-___-_-__________ 3 Bear River-Plateau___-_-----_-___-------_-_-____---___________ 5 Bear Lake-Valley..-_--_-._-_-__----__----_-_-__-_----____-____- 5 Bear River Valley.___---------_---____----_-_-__--_______'_____ 5 Crawford Mountains .________-_-___---____:.______-____________ 6 Descriptive geology.______-_____-___--__----- _-______--_-_-________ 6 Stratigraphy _ _________________________________________________ 7 Cambrian system.__________________________________________ 7 Brigham quartzite.____________________________________ 7 Langston limestone.___________________________________ 8 Ute limestone.__----_--____-----_-___-__--___________. 9 Blacksmith limestone._________________________________ 10 Bloomington formation..... _-_-_--___-____-_-_____-____ 11 Nounan limestone. _______-________ ____________________ 12 St. Charles limestone.. ---_------------------_--_-.-._ 13 Ordovician system._'_____________.___.__________________^__ -
Critical Review of Research on the Lower Jurassic Flora of Poland
Acta Palaeobotanica 53(2): 141–163, 2013 DOI: 10.2478/acpa-2013-0015 Critical review of research on the Lower Jurassic flora of Poland GRZEGORZ PACYNA Department of Palaeobotany and Palaeoherbarium, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland; e-mail: [email protected] Received 7 October 2013; accepted for publication 5 December 2013 ABSTRACT. The Lower Jurassic plant macrofossils of Poland are poorly known. Relatively rich sources of fossils are found in only a few outcrops in the Holy Cross Mountains. Other described plant remains come from drill cores taken from most areas of Poland, but as a rule these are single specimens. The only professional descriptions of Lower Jurassic macroflora are papers by Raciborski, Makarewiczówna, and a team of researchers consisting of Reymanówna, Barbacka, Ziaja, and Wcisło-Luraniec. Raciborski’s fossil collection is still available for research and revision. Such work is in progress. The collection described by Makarewiczówna contained many interesting speci- mens but unfortunately the majority of them are now missing. Stratigraphic research by geologists has provided some new specimens from drill cores and outcrops in the Holy Cross Mountains but these have not been subjected to detailed palaeobotanical analysis. The palynology of the Lower Jurassic was focused on biostratigraphy from the outset of that research. As an outcome it provided spore-pollen and megaspore zonations for Lower Jurassic strata in Poland. The Polish Lower Jurassic flora is comprised of ferns (very numerous), lycopsids, sphenopsids, cycadaleans, bennettitaleans, gnetaleans, ginkgoaleans, and conifers. This flora is taxonomically poorer than the equally old and geographically close floras of Denmark, Sweden, and Germany. -
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Formal Ratification of the Subdivision of the Holocene Series/ Epoch
Article 1 by Mike Walker1*, Martin J. Head 2, Max Berkelhammer3, Svante Björck4, Hai Cheng5, Les Cwynar6, David Fisher7, Vasilios Gkinis8, Antony Long9, John Lowe10, Rewi Newnham11, Sune Olander Rasmussen8, and Harvey Weiss12 Formal ratification of the subdivision of the Holocene Series/ Epoch (Quaternary System/Period): two new Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points (GSSPs) and three new stages/ subseries 1 School of Archaeology, History and Anthropology, Trinity Saint David, University of Wales, Lampeter, Wales SA48 7EJ, UK; Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Wales SY23 3DB, UK; *Corresponding author, E-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Earth Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario LS2 3A1, Canada 3 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA 4 GeoBiosphere Science Centre, Quaternary Sciences, Lund University, Sölveg 12, SE-22362, Lund, Sweden 5 Institute of Global Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi 710049, China; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minne- sota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA 6 Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada 7 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 615, Canada 8 Centre for Ice and Climate, The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Julian Maries Vej 30, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark 9 Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK 10 -
TREATISE ONLINE Number 48
TREATISE ONLINE Number 48 Part N, Revised, Volume 1, Chapter 31: Illustrated Glossary of the Bivalvia Joseph G. Carter, Peter J. Harries, Nikolaus Malchus, André F. Sartori, Laurie C. Anderson, Rüdiger Bieler, Arthur E. Bogan, Eugene V. Coan, John C. W. Cope, Simon M. Cragg, José R. García-March, Jørgen Hylleberg, Patricia Kelley, Karl Kleemann, Jiří Kříž, Christopher McRoberts, Paula M. Mikkelsen, John Pojeta, Jr., Peter W. Skelton, Ilya Tëmkin, Thomas Yancey, and Alexandra Zieritz 2012 Lawrence, Kansas, USA ISSN 2153-4012 (online) paleo.ku.edu/treatiseonline PART N, REVISED, VOLUME 1, CHAPTER 31: ILLUSTRATED GLOSSARY OF THE BIVALVIA JOSEPH G. CARTER,1 PETER J. HARRIES,2 NIKOLAUS MALCHUS,3 ANDRÉ F. SARTORI,4 LAURIE C. ANDERSON,5 RÜDIGER BIELER,6 ARTHUR E. BOGAN,7 EUGENE V. COAN,8 JOHN C. W. COPE,9 SIMON M. CRAgg,10 JOSÉ R. GARCÍA-MARCH,11 JØRGEN HYLLEBERG,12 PATRICIA KELLEY,13 KARL KLEEMAnn,14 JIřÍ KřÍž,15 CHRISTOPHER MCROBERTS,16 PAULA M. MIKKELSEN,17 JOHN POJETA, JR.,18 PETER W. SKELTON,19 ILYA TËMKIN,20 THOMAS YAncEY,21 and ALEXANDRA ZIERITZ22 [1University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA, [email protected]; 2University of South Florida, Tampa, USA, [email protected], [email protected]; 3Institut Català de Paleontologia (ICP), Catalunya, Spain, [email protected], [email protected]; 4Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA, [email protected]; 5South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, [email protected]; 6Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA, [email protected]; 7North -
Precambrian and Paleozoic Geology of the Hudson Highlands
41 PRE-CAMBRIAN AND PALEOZOIC GEOLOGY OF THE HUDSON HIGHLANDS Kurt E. Lowe The City College Trip D Introduction The route of Trip D crosses the Hudson Highlands northwestward (perpen dicular to the structural trend) affording opportunities of studying the petrology, structure and geomorphology of the Pre-Cambrian crystallines. It then turns northeastward to reach the northern gateway of the Hudson gorge at Cornwall-on Hudson by following the belt of early Paleozoic sediments along the northwest border of the Highlands. These sediments and their structural relations to the Highlands crystallines are briefly examined in the field. The return leg of the trip again eros !!Ie s the Highlands (this time oblique to the structure) along the west side of the Hudson gorge to Bear Mt., where it crosses the Ri~er to Peekskill. The reader is referred to Lowe (1949, 1950) from which much of the following information has been extracted. The Hudson Highlands The Highlands are a chain of low, but rugged, mountain ranges extending about 140 miles from Reading, Pa. northeastward through northern New Jersey and southeastern New York into western. Connecticut. They are mostly Pre Cambrian crystallines, representing an ancient orogenic belt of Grenville (? ) sediments which were folded, faulted, metamorphosed and invaded by several igneous phases (Plate 1). The Hudson Highlands, a rather loose geographical term, refers to that portion of the mountain chain which lie s athwart the Hudson River in New York State. Geomorphology Geomorphically the Highlands are known as the Reading Prong of the New England Upland. In view of the long, continued exposure of the Highlands to subaerial erosion (perhaps since early Mesozoic times) present topographic features exhibit the effects of structural and lithologic control to a high degree. -
Tiof\Lal ORGANIZATION of PALAEOBOTANY
I p INTERN,~TIOf\lAL ORGANIZATION OF PALAEOBOTANY INTERNATlONAL UNION Of BIOLOGICAL SC1ENCES Secr"tary: Dr. M. C. BOULTER ·SECTION FOR PALAEOBOTANY N. E. London Polytechnic, ? ..sident: Prot. W.G. CHALONEI'\. UK Romfoyo Road, Vice Presidents: !>cof. c. 30UREAU, FRANCE London, E15 412. England. Dr. S. ARCHANGHSKY, ARGENTINA Dr. S.V. MEYEN, USSR DECEMBER 1'383 lOP NE\~S .......................................... REPORTS OF RECENT MEETINGS ......................... 1 FORTHCOMING ,'1EETINGS .......... , .................... 4 OBITUI\RIES ......................................... 5 REQUESTS FeR HE!...? ................................. 7 NE',.,IS OF ! ND! VI JU)1,LS ............................ " .. 7 SALES OF FOSS I LS .................................... 8 BiaLIOGRAPHIES ......... , ........................... 8 RE'/!SION OF INDI)1,N SPEC,ES OF Gl')ssopteris ......... l0 RECENT °UBL I CAT IONS ............................... .11 SOOK REV I E'WS .................... , ... , .... " ........ 11 PLEASE MAIL NEWS AND CORRESPONDENCE TO YOUR REGIONAL REPRESENTATIVE OR TO THE SECRETARY FOR THE NEXT NEWSLETTER 23. The views expressed in the newsletter are those of its correspondents and do not necessarily refiect the pOI icy of iOP. lOP NEWS Many members of lOP are behind with their pay~ent5 of dues now set at £4.00 or us~3.i)O 3 year. Please use the attached form when making your payment. If you pay in £ sterling directly to London please remember to use a cheque which can be negotiated at a London bank. I!\FOPJ-I!\L BUSINESS r;EUI~IG OF lOP, Edmonton, Canada, August 1384 ThE:r'e is to he 2n inforrlal business meeting of lOP during the seco;:d lOP conference next summer. As at ReDding in 1980 its purpose is tC give the membership a chance to 2xpress its views on how lOP is operating; the Executive Committee must be accoun:ab:e to the membership and these informal meetings are one way of achieving ·:his. -
A Reappraisal of Mississippian (Tournaisian and Visean) Adpression Floras from Central and Northwestern Europe
Zitteliana A 54 (2014) 39 A reappraisal of Mississippian (Tournaisian and Visean) adpression floras from central and northwestern Europe Maren Hübers1, Benjamin Bomfleur2*, Michael Krings3, Christian Pott2 & Hans Kerp1 1Forschungsstelle für Paläobotanik am Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut, Westfälische Zitteliana A 54, 39 – 52 Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany München, 31.12.2014 2Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Paleobiology, Box 50007, SE-104 05, Stockholm, Sweden Manuscript received 3Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Paläontologie und Geobiologie, Ludwig- 01.02.2014; revision Maximilians-Universität, and Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Richard- accepted 07.04.2014 Wagner-Straße 10, 80333 Munich, Germany ISSN 1612 - 412X *Author for correspondence and reprint requests: E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Mississippian plant fossils are generally rare, and in central and northwestern Europe especially Tournaisian to middle Visean fossil floras are restricted to isolated occurrences. While sphenophytes and lycophytes generally are represented by only a few widespread and long-ranging taxa such as Archaeocalamites radiatus, Sphenophyllum tenerrimum and several species of Lepidodendropsis and Lepido- dendron, Visean floras in particular show a remarkably high diversity of fern-like foliage, including filiform types (Rhodea, Diplotmema), forms with bipartite fronds (Sphenopteridium, Diplopteridium, Spathulopteris, Archaeopteridium), others with monopodial, pinnate fronds (Anisopteris, Fryopsis) and still others characterized by several-times pinnate fronds (e.g., Adiantites, Triphyllopteris, Sphenopteris, Neu- ropteris). Most of these leaf types have been interpreted as belonging to early seed ferns, whereas true ferns seem to have been rare or lacking in impression/compression floras. In the upper Visean, two types of plant assemblages can be distinguished, i.e., the northern Kohlenkalk-type and the south-eastern Kulm-type assemblage.