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Lakes Synopsis Enhancing the use of Science in International Enhancing the use of Science in International Waters projects to improve project results Waters projects to improve project results SYNOPSIS REPORT LAKES A global Synopsis of Lakes science and transboundary management The United Nati ons Think Tank on Water United Nati ons University Insti tute for Water, Environment and Health 175 Longwood Road South, Suite 204 Hamilton, ON Canada L8P 0A1 1.905.667.5511 • www.inweh.unu.edu ISBN: 92-808-6021-6 GEF IW:Science Project Synopsis Report of the Lakes Working Group IW: Science, or Enhancing the Use of Science in International Waters Projects to Improve Project Results is a medium-sized project of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) International Waters (IW) focal area, implemented by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) and executed by the United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH). GEF ID Number: 3343. CORE PARTNERS Synopsis Report of the Lakes Working Group March 2012 This report is written as part of the IW:Science series of reports comprising a synopsis and analysis for each of fi ve classes of global transboundary water system: River Basin, Lake, Groundwater, Land-based Pollution Sources, and Large Marine Ecosystems and Open Oceans. The fi ndings and content of the Synopsis and Analysis Reports are then integrated into two IW:Science Synthesis Reports to provide a global water view with regard to Emerging Science Issues and Research Needs for Targeted Intervention in the IW Focal Area, and Application of Science for Adaptive Management & Development and use of Indicators to support IW Projects. All reports can be found on the IW:Science, UNU-INWEH, IW:LEARN and GEF websites. This report was prepared under the responsibility of the IW:Science Core Partner and Lead Institution of the Lakes Working Group: Through the dedication, input and authorship of the Lakes Working Group Co-chairs: Kelly Munkittrick Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Canada Gheorghe Constantin Romanian Ministry of Environment, Romania Mark Servos University of Waterloo & Canadian Water Network, Canada and the IW:Science Lakes Working Group members: Nikolay Aladin Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia Sansanee Choowaew Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Thailand Navy Hap Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute (IFReDI), Cambodia Karen Kidd Canadian Rivers Institute and Biology Department, University of New Brunswick, Canada Eric Odada Department of Geology, University of Nairobi, Kenya Oscar Parra Universidad de Concepción, Chile Geoffrey Phillips Marsh House, Rotten Marsh, Acle, Norwich, United Kingdom Sergei Ryanzhin Institute of Limnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia Mark Servos University of Waterloo & Canadian Water Network, Canada Roberto Urrutia Universidad de Concepción. Chile Additional assistance with some reviews was provided by Philip Micklin (Western Michigan University, USA), Dietmar Keyser (Hamburg University, Germany), Lauri Arvola (University of Helsinki, Finland) and Walter Rast (Texas State University, USA), as well as several participants that had to withdraw from the activity. DISCLAIMER The designations employed and presentations of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations University (UNU) concerning legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication are those of the respective authors and do not necessarily refl ect the views of the UNU. Mention of the names of fi rms or commercial products does not imply endorsement by UNU. ©The United Nations University, 2012 Available from: United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH) 175 Longwood Road South, Suite 204 Hamilton, Ontario CANADA L8P OA1 Tel: + 1-905-667-5511 Fax: + 1-905-667-5510 Email: [email protected] Web: www.inweh.unu.edu IW:Science Project Manager: Andrew Dansie ISBN 92-808-6021-6 Cover photo: Floating islands of the Uru people on Lake Titicaca, located on the border of Peru and Bolivia it is the world’s highest commercially navigable lake / A. Dansie Lakes Working Group List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ACRONYM MEANING ACRONYM MEANING ACP AFRICAN, CARIBBEAN, AND PACIFIC NOWPAP NORTHWEST PACIFIC ACTION PLAN ACZM ALEXANDRIA COASTAL ZONE PEMSEA PARTNERSHIPS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROJECT MANAGEMENT FOR THE SEA OF EAST ASIA BMP BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES PTS PERSISTENT TOXIC SUBSTANCES QA/QC QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL CEP CASPIAN ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM RENDR REDUCTION OF ENTERPRISE NUTRIENT DPSIR DRIVING FORCES-PRESSURES-STATE- DISCHARGES PROJECT IMPACTS-RESPONSES FRAMEWORK SAP STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN EU EUROPEAN UNION SCS SOUTH CHINA SEA FREPLATA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION OF THE RIO DE LA PLATA AND ITS MARITIME FRONT: SEA START SOUTHEAST ASIA START REGIONAL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL RC CENTER AND HABITAT RESTORATION SEAFDEC SOUTH ASIAN FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT FYR FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC CENTER GEF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY SEAS SPECIALIZED EXECUTING AGENCIES GIWA GLOBAL INTERNATIONAL WATERS SESS SOCIO-ECONOMIC SPECIAL STUDY ASSESSMENT SIDRP STRATEGIC INFRASTRUCTURE AND GOGLME GULF OF GUINEA LARGE MARINE DEVELOPMENT REFORM PROGRAM ECOSYSTEM SIDS SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES ICLARM INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR LIVING AQUATIC RESOURCES MANAGEMENT START SYSTEM FOR ANALYSIS, RESEARCH, AND TRAINING IW INTERNATIONAL WATERS TDA TRANSBOUNDARY DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS LME LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEM UNDP UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT LTBP LAKE TANGANYIKA BIODIVERSITY PROGRAMME PROJECT UNEP UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT MRC MEKONG RIVER COMMISSION PROGRAMME NAPS NATIONAL ACTION PLANS UNU-INWEH UNITED NATIONS INSTITUTE FOR WATER, ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH NBSAPS NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGIC ACTION PLANS WB (IBDR) WORLD BANK (INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT) NGOS NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION iii Synopsis Report Table of Contents 1. Introduction: background, purpose, approach and limitations of this Synopsis Report ................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Membership ..................................................................................................................................................................................3 2. Reviewed projects and available documentation ................................................. 4 2.1 Summary of Projects ......................................................................................................................................................................4 2.2 Distribution of projects – geographical and themes .........................................................................................................................4 2.3 DPSIR framework ........................................................................................................................................................................ 11 3. Selected issues across the set of reviewed projects .......................................... 20 3.1 Projects that have demonstrated signifi cant and successful scientifi c components ........................................................................ 20 3.2 Signifi cant natural and social science fi ndings.............................................................................................................................. 22 3.3 Unique research, monitoring and assessment issues .................................................................................................................... 23 3.4 Lakes are susceptible to ecological external drivers that may not be recognized ............................................................................ 25 4. Role of science within projects ........................................................................... 26 4.1 Project aims and objectives ......................................................................................................................................................... 26 4.2 Science outputs .......................................................................................................................................................................... 26 5. Critical science gaps ......................................................................................... 28 6. Defi nition of best practices ................................................................................. 29 7. Design and use of (local) science networks and scientifi c advisory bodies ....... 30 8. Targeting users ................................................................................................... 32 9. Management implications for outcomes ............................................................ 34 10. Conclusions ........................................................................................................ 36 iv Lakes Working Group List of Tables and Figures Table 1 Summary of Lakes Working Group members .....................................................................................................................3 Table 2 Summary of projects assigned to the lakes working group .................................................................................................4 Table 3 Synopsis Survey (Project Review)
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