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Medical Journals Drastically Speed up Their Publication Process for Covid-19
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.18.045963; this version posted April 18, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Pandemic Publishing: Medical journals drastically speed up their publication process for Covid-19 Author Serge P.J.M. Horbach*,1,2 [email protected] +31243652730 ORCID: 0000-0003-0406-6261 *Corresponding author 1 Radboud University Nijmegen, Faculty of Science, Institute for Science in Society, P.O. box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands 2 Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS), Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 62A, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands Abstract In times of public crises, including the current Covid-19 pandemic, rapid dissemination of relevant scientific knowledge is of paramount importance. The duration of scholarly journals’ publication process is one of the main factors hindering quick delivery of new information. While proper editorial assessment and peer review obviously require some time, turnaround times for medical journals can be up to several months, which is undesirable in the era of a crisis. Following initiatives of medical journals and scholarly publishers to accelerate their publication process, this study assesses whether medical journals have indeed managed to speed up their publication process for Covid-19 related articles. It studies the duration of 14 medical journals’ publication process both during and prior to the current pandemic. Assessing a total of 669 articles, the study concludes that medical journals have indeed drastically accelerated the publication process for Covid-19 related articles since the outbreak of the pandemic. -
Is Sci-Hub Increasing Visibility of Indian Research Papers? an Analytical Evaluation Vivek Kumar Singh1,*, Satya Swarup Srichandan1, Sujit Bhattacharya2
Journal of Scientometric Res. 2021; 10(1):130-134 http://www.jscires.org Perspective Paper Is Sci-Hub Increasing Visibility of Indian Research Papers? An Analytical Evaluation Vivek Kumar Singh1,*, Satya Swarup Srichandan1, Sujit Bhattacharya2 1Department of Computer Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA. 2CSIR-National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies, New Delhi, INDIA. ABSTRACT Sci-Hub, founded by Alexandra Elbakyan in 2011 in Kazakhstan has, over the years, Correspondence emerged as a very popular source for researchers to download scientific papers. It is Vivek Kumar Singh believed that Sci-Hub contains more than 76 million academic articles. However, recently Department of Computer Science, three foreign academic publishers (Elsevier, Wiley and American Chemical Society) have Banaras Hindu University, filed a lawsuit against Sci-Hub and LibGen before the Delhi High Court and prayed for Varanasi-221005, INDIA. complete blocking these websites in India. It is in this context, that this paper attempts to Email id: [email protected] find out how many Indian research papers are available in Sci-Hub and who downloads them. The citation advantage of Indian research papers available on Sci-Hub is analysed, Received: 16-03-2021 with results confirming that such an advantage do exist. Revised: 29-03-2021 Accepted: 25-04-2021 Keywords: Indian Research, Indian Science, Black Open Access, Open Access, Sci-Hub. DOI: 10.5530/jscires.10.1.16 INTRODUCTION access publishing of their research output, and at the same time encouraging their researchers to publish in openly Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has become one accessible forms. -
Sci-Hub Provides Access to Nearly All Scholarly Literature
Sci-Hub provides access to nearly all scholarly literature A DOI-citable version of this manuscript is available at https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.3100. This manuscript was automatically generated from greenelab/scihub-manuscript@51678a7 on October 12, 2017. Submit feedback on the manuscript at git.io/v7feh or on the analyses at git.io/v7fvJ. Authors • Daniel S. Himmelstein 0000-0002-3012-7446 · dhimmel · dhimmel Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania · Funded by GBMF4552 • Ariel Rodriguez Romero 0000-0003-2290-4927 · arielsvn · arielswn Bidwise, Inc • Stephen Reid McLaughlin 0000-0002-9888-3168 · stevemclaugh · SteveMcLaugh School of Information, University of Texas at Austin • Bastian Greshake Tzovaras 0000-0002-9925-9623 · gedankenstuecke · gedankenstuecke Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University Frankfurt • Casey S. Greene 0000-0001-8713-9213 · cgreene · GreeneScientist Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania · Funded by GBMF4552 PeerJ Preprints | https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.3100v2 | CC BY 4.0 Open Access | rec: 12 Oct 2017, publ: 12 Oct 2017 Abstract The website Sci-Hub provides access to scholarly literature via full text PDF downloads. The site enables users to access articles that would otherwise be paywalled. Since its creation in 2011, Sci- Hub has grown rapidly in popularity. However, until now, the extent of Sci-Hub’s coverage was unclear. As of March 2017, we find that Sci-Hub’s database contains 68.9% of all 81.6 million scholarly articles, which rises to 85.2% for those published in toll access journals. -
Open Access Availability of Scientific Publications
Analytical Support for Bibliometrics Indicators Open access availability of scientific publications Analytical Support for Bibliometrics Indicators Open access availability of scientific publications* Final Report January 2018 By: Science-Metrix Inc. 1335 Mont-Royal E. ▪ Montréal ▪ Québec ▪ Canada ▪ H2J 1Y6 1.514.495.6505 ▪ 1.800.994.4761 [email protected] ▪ www.science-metrix.com *This work was funded by the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES). Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the views of NCSES or the NSF. The analysis for this research was conducted by SRI International on behalf of NSF’s NCSES under contract number NSFDACS1063289. Analytical Support for Bibliometrics Indicators Open access availability of scientific publications Contents Contents .............................................................................................................................................................. i Tables ................................................................................................................................................................. ii Figures ................................................................................................................................................................ ii Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................ -
How Can Citation Impact in Bibliometrics Be Normalized?
RESEARCH ARTICLE How can citation impact in bibliometrics be normalized? A new approach combining citing-side normalization and citation percentiles an open access journal Lutz Bornmann Division for Science and Innovation Studies, Administrative Headquarters of the Max Planck Society, Hofgartenstr. 8, 80539 Munich, Germany Downloaded from http://direct.mit.edu/qss/article-pdf/1/4/1553/1871000/qss_a_00089.pdf by guest on 01 October 2021 Keywords: bibliometrics, citation analysis, citation percentiles, citing-side normalization Citation: Bornmann, L. (2020). How can citation impact in bibliometrics be normalized? A new approach ABSTRACT combining citing-side normalization and citation percentiles. Quantitative Since the 1980s, many different methods have been proposed to field-normalize citations. In this Science Studies, 1(4), 1553–1569. https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00089 study, an approach is introduced that combines two previously introduced methods: citing-side DOI: normalization and citation percentiles. The advantage of combining two methods is that their https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00089 advantages can be integrated in one solution. Based on citing-side normalization, each citation Received: 8 May 2020 is field weighted and, therefore, contextualized in its field. The most important advantage of Accepted: 30 July 2020 citing-side normalization is that it is not necessary to work with a specific field categorization scheme for the normalization procedure. The disadvantages of citing-side normalization—the Corresponding Author: Lutz Bornmann calculation is complex and the numbers are elusive—can be compensated for by calculating [email protected] percentiles based on weighted citations that result from citing-side normalization. On the one Handling Editor: hand, percentiles are easy to understand: They are the percentage of papers published in the Ludo Waltman same year with a lower citation impact. -
Mhra Style Guide for School of English Students
MHRA STYLE GUIDE FOR SCHOOL OF ENGLISH STUDENTS INTRODUCTORY VERSION ENGLISH LITERATURE PROGRAMME (Footnote Style) ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS PROGRAMME (Author Date Style) English Literature Modules What do you want to produce? A citation to be placed in a footnote A reference to a book A reference to a chapter in a book A reference to an article in a journal A bibliography entry A reference to a book A reference to a chapter in a book A reference to an article in a journal If your source is a book prepare your FOOTNOTE citation exactly as follows Joe Bray, The Epistolary Novel: Representations of Consciousness (London: Routledge, 2003), p. 30. Things to get right, in order: • Author’s name as it appears on the book’s titlepage, followed by comma and a space • Full title of the book, in italics, with capital letters where appropriate, then a space • Brackets containing the publisher data with exact punctuation as follows -- (City: Publisher, Year) • These brackets are followed by a comma, then a space • The page number of your citation displayed accurately: p. followed by a space then the number. More than one page is presented like this: pp. 230-31 • Finish footnotes with a full stop. table of contents If your source is a titled essay in a book prepare your FOOTNOTE citation exactly as follows: Sue Owen, 'The Lost Rhetoric of Liberty: Marvell and Restoration Drama', in Marvell and Liberty, ed. by W. Chernaik and M. Dzelzainis (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1999), pp. 334-53 (p. 334). Things to get right, in order: • Author’s name as it appears on the essay’s titlepage, followed by comma and a space • Full title of the article, in single inverted commas, with capital letters where appropriate, then a comma and the word in • Full title of the book in italics followed by a comma and the phrase ed. -
The Moral Dilemma of Positivism
Valparaiso University Law Review Volume 20 Number 1 Fall 1985 pp.43-53 Fall 1985 The Moral Dilemma of Positivism Anthony D'Amato Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/vulr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Anthony D'Amato, The Moral Dilemma of Positivism, 20 Val. U. L. Rev. 43 (1985). Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/vulr/vol20/iss1/2 This Commentary is brought to you for free and open access by the Valparaiso University Law School at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Valparaiso University Law Review by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. D'Amato: The Moral Dilemma of Positivism THE MORAL DILEMMA OF POSITIVISM* ANTHONY D'AMATO** Not only do positivists insist upon separating law from morality, but they also appear to be unable to deal with moral questions raised by law once the two are separated. This inability stems, I believe, from their simultaneous attempt to assert and to prove that law and morality are separate; the argument reduces to a vicious circle. Neil Mac- Cormick's lectures, "A Moralistic Case for A-Moralistic Law?" which I have been asked to comment upon, exemplifies this problem. To Pro- fessor MacCormick's credit, he has attempted to lay an explicit moral foundation for the adoption of the amoralistic positivist conception of law, something which other positivists have avoided or - in H.L.A. Hart's case - let fall implicitly between two books, one addressed to positivism and the other to morality.' Professor MacCormick's grace of style and wit tend to mask the inconsistency upon which his argument is erected, and yet at the same time make it a pleasurable task for his readers, including me, to examine that argument with care. -
Do You Speak Open Science? Resources and Tips to Learn the Language
Do You Speak Open Science? Resources and Tips to Learn the Language. Paola Masuzzo1, 2 - ORCID: 0000-0003-3699-1195, Lennart Martens1,2 - ORCID: 0000- 0003-4277-658X Author Affiliation 1 Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium 2 Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Abstract The internet era, large-scale computing and storage resources, mobile devices, social media, and their high uptake among different groups of people, have all deeply changed the way knowledge is created, communicated, and further deployed. These advances have enabled a radical transformation of the practice of science, which is now more open, more global and collaborative, and closer to society than ever. Open science has therefore become an increasingly important topic. Moreover, as open science is actively pursued by several high-profile funders and institutions, it has fast become a crucial matter to all researchers. However, because this widespread interest in open science has emerged relatively recently, its definition and implementation are constantly shifting and evolving, sometimes leaving researchers in doubt about how to adopt open science, and which are the best practices to follow. This article therefore aims to be a field guide for scientists who want to perform science in the open, offering resources and tips to make open science happen in the four key areas of data, code, publications and peer-review. The Rationale for Open Science: Standing on the Shoulders of Giants One of the most widely used definitions of open science originates from Michael Nielsen [1]: “Open science is the idea that scientific knowledge of all kinds should be openly shared as early as is practical in the discovery process”. -
Downloads Presented on the Abstract Page
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.27.063578; this version posted April 28, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. A systematic examination of preprint platforms for use in the medical and biomedical sciences setting Jamie J Kirkham1*, Naomi Penfold2, Fiona Murphy3, Isabelle Boutron4, John PA Ioannidis5, Jessica K Polka2, David Moher6,7 1Centre for Biostatistics, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. 2ASAPbio, San Francisco, CA, USA. 3Murphy Mitchell Consulting Ltd. 4Université de Paris, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Inserm, Paris, F-75004 France. 5Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS) and Departments of Medicine, of Epidemiology and Population Health, of Biomedical Data Science, and of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. 6Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada. 7School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. *Corresponding Author: Professor Jamie Kirkham Centre for Biostatistics Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health The University of Manchester Jean McFarlane Building Oxford Road Manchester, M13 9PL, UK Email: [email protected] Tel: +44 (0)161 275 1135 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.27.063578; this version posted April 28, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. -
Ethical Issues in Designing Internet-Based Research: Recommendations for Good Practice
Published by AU Press, Canada Journal of Research Practice Journal of Research Practice Volume 13, Issue 2, Article D1, 2017 Research Design: Ethical Issues in Designing Internet-Based Research: Recommendations for Good Practice Shikha Gupta Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, CANADA [email protected] Abstract This article presents an overview of internet-based research, highlighting the absence of a standard terminology to define and classify such research. The label internet-based research or online research can cover a diverse range of research designs and methods, involving different degrees of ethical concern regarding privacy, transparency, confidentiality, and security. Although the basic principles of human research ethics (such as respect, integrity, justice, and beneficence) are still applicable in this context, interpreting and applying these principles correctly and protecting the interests of the research participants effectively are not easy to ensure. While the nature of the internet poses challenges of user authentication and confidentiality, the diversity of national laws and codes of ethics poses additional challenges. The article refers to relevant Canadian laws, with which the author is familiar. Finally, a set of recommendations are offered to mitigate the ethical challenges of internet- based research. These include ethical practices such as ensuring transparency while recruitment, considering participants’ expectations about privacy, ensuring legal compliance, using secure communication protocols, obtaining informed and knowledgeable consent, offering participants the opportunity to withdraw from the research and retract their data, and ensuring that data are not used for subsequent non-research purposes. Index Terms: online research; internet-based research; internet research ethics; human research ethics; ethics review; social media Suggested Citation: Gupta, S. -
“Publish Or Perish” As Citation Metrics Used to Analyze Scientific Output In
ai-6.qxd 11/4/08 2:52 PM Page 1 VARIA – SCIENTOMETRICS Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp., 2008, 56, 1–9 DOI 10.1007/s00005-008-0043-0 PL ISSN 0004-069X “Publish or Perish” as citation metrics used to analyze scientific output in the humanities: International case studies in economics, geography, social sciences, philosophy, and history Audrey Baneyx Institut Francilien “Recherche, Innovation et Société” (IFRIS)1, Paris, France Received: 2008.10.16, Accepted: 2008.10.27 Abstract Traditionally, the most commonly used source of bibliometric data is the Thomson ISI Web of Knowledge, in particular the (Social) Science Citation Index and the Journal Citation Reports, which provide the yearly Journal Impact Factors. This database used for the evaluation of researchers is not advantageous in the humanities, mainly because books, conference papers, and non-English journals, which are an important part of scientific activity, are not (well) covered. This paper pre- sents the use of an alternative source of data, Google Scholar, and its benefits in calculating citation metrics in the humani- ties. Because of its broader range of data sources, the use of Google Scholar generally results in more comprehensive cita- tion coverage in the humanities. This presentation compares and analyzes some international case studies with ISI Web of Knowledge and Google Scholar. The fields of economics, geography, social sciences, philosophy, and history are focused on to illustrate the differences of results between these two databases. To search for relevant publications in the Google Scholar database, the use of “Publish or Perish” and of CleanPoP, which the author developed to clean the results, are compared. -
The Scope of Hermeneutics in Natural Science
Fordham University Masthead Logo DigitalResearch@Fordham Hermeneutic and Phenomenological Philosophies Research Resources of Science 1998 The copS e of Hermeneutics in Natural Science Patrick A. Heelan Georgetown University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://fordham.bepress.com/phil_research Part of the Continental Philosophy Commons, and the Philosophy of Science Commons Recommended Citation Heelan, Patrick A., "The cS ope of Hermeneutics in Natural Science" (1998). Research Resources. 12. https://fordham.bepress.com/phil_research/12 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Hermeneutic and Phenomenological Philosophies of Science at DigitalResearch@Fordham. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research Resources by an authorized administrator of DigitalResearch@Fordham. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Preprint 1998: The Scope of Hermeneutics in Natural Science THE SCOPE OF HERMENEUTICS IN NATURAL SCIENCE PATRICK A. HEELAN Georgetown University Washington, DC 20057 Abstract: Hermeneutics or interpretation is concerned with the generation, transmission, and acceptance of meaning within the lifeworld and was the original method of the human sciences stemming from F. Schleiermacher and W. Dilthey. Hermeneutic philosophy refers mostly to M. Heidegger’s. This paper addresses natural science from the perspective of Heidegger’s analysis of meaning and interpretation. Its purpose is to incorporate into the philosophy of science those aspects of historicality, culture, and tradition that are absent from the traditional analysis of theory and explanation, to re-orient the current discussion about scientific realism around the hermeneutics of meaning and truth in science, and to establish some relationship between the current philosophy of natural science and hermeneutical philosophy.