Syl W11 Nahman Seminar
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Nahman of Breslov, seminar F16, page 1 JS 467.001/Near East 476.001/Religion 47.001 Hasidism as Mysticism: The Radical Teachings of Nahman of Breslov Fall Term, 4-7 p.m., 2112 MLB Professor Elliot Ginsburg ([email protected] and [email protected]) Office: 3016 Thayer Bldg., 734.763-4670 Office hours: Thursday 12-1:30 p.m. and special Judaic Studies Office hours, t.b.a. The focus of this course is on Nahman of Breslov (1772-1810), one of the most celebrated masters of Jewish mysticism and Hasidism, whose radical writings —poised on the precipice of modernity— have attained the status of spiritual classics. (The roster of writers, theologians, and creative artists influenced by Nahman is legion.) The ongoing fascination with Nahman stems both from his singular (mercurial, multi-tiered, questing) personality and from the profound and uncompromising nature of his theological vision. In this class we will explore the existentialist Nahman confronting the absence of God (his Torah of the Void); the Messianic Nahman wrestling with depression and utopian grandeur; and the mystical Nahman, finding vivid manifestations of the divine in the realm of nature (in Forest and birds, the grasses of the field), in song and the outpouring of the heart, and in interpersonal dialogue and spiritual practices that deconstruct the ordinary self. Key themes will include: spiritual longing and the perpetual search for meaning; conflict and growth; exile and redemption; as well as the dialectic between sadness and joy; shatteredness and wholeness; madness and health; doubt and faith; complexity and simplicity. Students will probe Nahman’s creative rereading of the devotional life: including his theology of niggun (wordless song) and sacred dance. As Nahman continuously integrated his life-story into his thought, we will investigate the relationship between his agon-filled biography and his teachings. And finally we will consider his hermeneutical (interpretive) theory: a theory that celebrates continuous creativity — as Nahman’s quicksilver improvisations on sacred text bring to mind John Coltrane’s deep improvisations on a melody. Our raw materials are “simple”: selections from Nahman’s mystically inflected discourses; his accessible yet enigmatic Tales; as well as his haunting dream-texts. Together we will learn how to decode his work. As a kind of cultural detail, we will also explore the Breslov musical tradition. These texts and songs will be supplemented by secondary literature: drawn from the fields of historical, literary, and religious studies. While students may rely solely on English translations in this course, I will make available materials for those equipped to work in the Hebrew and Yiddish originals. Pre-requisites: It is strongly recommended that students have prior background/ coursework in Jewish Mysticism or other Jewish textual traditions, or have undertaken significant (university) study in other religious, contemplative or philosophical traditions. Requirements* include: 1. Regular attendance at, and participation in, seminar sessions. (Unexcused absences will result in the deduction of points from your grade. It is expected that students will make up work Nahman of Breslov, seminar F16, page 2 missed due to absence.) The aim of a seminar is to “think things through” out loud, to share thoughts, quandaries and insights; in our seminar an additional goal is to learn how to skillfully read Bratslaver/Breslover texts. The passive observer will not contribute very much to the total group experience. (Class participation will count for one-third of one’s grade.) Also be sure to keep up with the instructor’s postings on Canvas. 2. A short meditation/reflection on the weekly reading + posing one or two questions on the reading/ sources. Due each week by Monday at 10 p.m. (To be placed in a weekly forum.) 3. Two 3-5 page essays, to be submitted at roughly monthly intervals in the first 10 weeks of class (due Friday 4 p.m. October 14, and Friday November 11). These essays should be analytic in nature, and should reflect on some aspect of the 5 or so previous sessions. These essays will also be exchanged with one’s “study partners.” (Guidelines will be further explicated before the first assignment). 4. One oral presentation in class, to be chosen in conjunction with the instructor. Presenters will be invited to post materials in advance on the Canvas Website. Note: The two essays, along with the oral presentation, will collectively count for one- third of one’s grade.) 5. Havruta Study: Each student is expected to find one or two study partners. (This process will be explained.) The goal is to create relational models of learning and active, probing dialogue between students. 6. A research paper/project or critical essay, about 10-12 pages in length, for undergrads; 12-15 pages for graduate students. (For those working in the Hebrew/Yiddish original, this could involve a translation project.) This should be chosen in consultation with the instructor. Students are advised to begin work early in the semester; a research proposal (including topic, preliminary thesis, and working bibliography) is to be submitted to the Canvas dropbox by 5 p.m. Wednesday, November 23. A good draft of the final project is to be electronically submitted by 4 p.m. on Friday, December 9. Copies of the “completed” paper should be made available to your havruta at this time, so that we (the study-buddies and I) can read and critique each other’s work in the days preceding our final session. A revised version of the paper is due in your dropbox by Monday evening, December 19 at 10 p.m.. The final version will count for one-third of one’s grade. Be sure to bring current readings to class whenever possible. Required texts for purchase: (1) Nahman of Bratslav, The Tales (Band ed.) (2) Arthur Green, Tormented Master (3) Ora Wiskind-Elper, Tradition and Fantasy in the Tales of R. Nahman of Bratslav (4) Zvi Mark, Mysticism and Madness: The Religious Thought of Rabbi Nahman of Bratslav Recommended/Optional (5) David Sears, The Tree that Stands Beyond Space. (6) Nahman of Breslov, The Empty Chair: Finding Hope and Joy (Jewish Lights) (7) Aryeh Wineman, The Hasidic Parable (JPS). (8-9) Alternate translation of the Tales, in 2 vols. with commentary by Aryeh Kaplan.Vol. 1: The Lost Princess & Other Kabbalistic Tales Of Rebbe Nachman Of Breslov (Jewish Lights) Volume 2: The Seven Beggars & Other Kabbalistic Tales Of Rebbe Nachman Of Breslov (Jewish Lights). Nahman of Breslov, seminar F16, page 3 Also a digitized Hebrew edition of Liqqutei Moharan is available here; and a bilingual Hebrew- Yiddish version of Sippurei Ma’asiyot is available here. If you prefer Wikisources, try here! In addition there will be a weekly offering of selected texts of Breslov writings on our Canvas site. These will be drawn from translations of Liqqutei MoHoRaN, Sefer ha-Middot, Liqqutei Tefillot, Liqqutei Halakhot as well as some later Breslov works. (The translations will run from Breslov insiders to Aharon Appelfeld’s edition Leket (Anthology) to Martin Buber to the work of contemporary scholars.) Be sure to check Canvas for textual postings. Further study aids: In interpreting Nahman’s Tales it may also prove useful to consult different translations and commentaries. First, consider the assigned readings for this course; as well as Adin Steinsaltz’s Beggars and Prayers; and Buber’s Tales of Rabbi Nachman. Hebrew readers might be interested in the Bar-Ilan Responsa collection (via Mirlyn), in the Spertus Institute online E-library of Jewish sources, here, which contains the online Encyclopedia Judaica; the 62,434 volume (!) Otzar ha-Hokhmah; the DBS collection of classical Hebrew works, with a terrific selection of mystical sources; the Soncino Classics Collection which contains Hebrew and English versions of the Soncino Talmud, Soncino Midrash Rabbah, Soncino Zohar, and the Hebrew Bible. Some of these sources can be freely accessed online also: see sefaria and www.hebrewbooks.org for useful examples. The fullest list of Breslov related writings (from Nahman’s own works to scholarship to works inspired by Nahman) is David Assaf’s Bratslav: An Annotated Bibliography, which contains works in multiple languages including English. Key background texts (for those without significant background or in need of review) On Judaism: Michael Fishbane, Judaism: Revelation and Tradition; Michael Seltzer’s Jewish People, Jewish Thought; and David Biale, ed. Cultures of the Jews: A New History On History and Symbolism of Jewish Mysticism: E. Ginsburg, The Sabbath in the Classical Kabbalah (Introduction). A scanned copy will be placed on our Canvas site. Also consider A. Green, A Guide to the Zohar; or more popularly, his Ehyeh, Part One. On the History of Hasidism, see e.g., Gershon Hundert, Jews in Poland-Lithuania in the Eighteenth Century; Rachel Elior, The Mystical Origins of Hasidism; and on the spread of Hasidism, see Glenn Dynner, Men of Silk. All students should have a Hebrew Bible at hand (e.g., JPS bi-lingual or the The Jewish Study Bible, ed. by A. Berlin and M. Brettler), or that failing, access to online versions of the Hebrew Bible. A good bilingual version is Mechon Mamre, which although it uses the 1917 JPS translation, is still serviceable. ********************************************************* Weekly Structure: The weekly assignments come in three parts: Nahman of Breslov, seminar F16, page 4 (1) A Tale or similar narrative text. Prepare the Tale both on one’s own and in havruta. Some weeks, a particular havruta will be responsible for retelling/recasting a Tale. (You will occupy the “Storytelling Chair”) (2) Selected scholarly writings on a specific theme. (3) Another Breslov text, often a “greatest hit” usually taken from Nahman’s homiletical writings, such as Liqqutei Moharan. Some of the key work for these texts will be done right in class, helping the student to learn how to read these works.