Zweyer Gleich-Gesinnten Freunde Tugend Und
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UND SCHERTZ-LIEDER ZWEYER GLEICH-GESINNTEN FREUNDE TUGEND BY JOHANN JACOB LOWE AND JULIUS JOHANN WEILAND APPROVED: Major Professor (6 Miro Professo ean of the School of Mu ic Dean b the Graduate School NS ZWEYER GLEICH-GESINNTEN FREUNDETUGEND- UND SCHERTZ-LIEDER BY JOHANN JACOB LOWE AND JULIUS JOHANN WEILAND THESIS Presented to the Graduate Council of the North Texas State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF MUSIC By Nancy Jean Clayton, B.M. Denton, Texas May, 1978 Clayton, Nancy J., Zweyer Gleich-Gesinnten Freunde Tugend- und Schertz-lieder. Master of Music (Musicology), May, 1978, 129 pp., 2 tables, 3 illustrations, Bibliog- raphy, 32 titles. The purpose of this thesis was to make available for performance and study an edition of the twenty-two secular songs published in this collection by Johann Jacob Lowe and Julius Johann Weiland in 1657. The thesis contains twenty-two secular songs for one, two, or three voices with continuo accompaniment and ritornellos for one or two violins, and/or viola, as well as translations of Lowe's preface and dedication and a poem to Ldwe and Weiland by Heinrich SchAffer. The work contains three chapters, the first covering Lbwe's life and work and association with Weiland, the second the state of German secular song in 1650, and the third a critical commentary on the editing of the songs. Editorial corrections are in- cluded. G 1977 NANCY JEAN CLAYTON All Rights Reserved ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF PLATES . iv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ....... .. .. iv Chapter I. JOHANN JACOB LOWE . .1 His Life His Music The Tugend- und Schertz-lieder II. GERMAN SECULAR SONG ca. 1650 . .a , . - 11 III. ZWEYER GLEICH-GESINNTEN FREUNDE TUGEND- UND SCHERTZ-LIEDER , . 21 Critical Notes 1. Du Edle Zeit vertreiberin 2. Lass fahren du mein freyer Sinn 3. Ach, nein du tolles Sauffgezucht 4. Ey Weg nur immer weg du blasses neiden 5. Was wiltu doch viel prangen 6. Deiner muss ich jawol lachen 7. Was kan uns sterblichen allhier 8. Du Pestilenz der Jugend 9. Wer wolte doch die siUissen Schmerzen 10. Solt ich dich nicht lieben 11. Ich weiss nicht wie mir ist geschehen 12. H6r doch auff mein Sinn zu dencken 13. Ey so wolt ich lieber sterben 14. 0 der kUmmerlichen Freuden 15. Wie lange sol ich meine Zeit hinbringen 16. Ey lieber Momus sag mir an 17. Wer sich ist nicht weiss zu schicken 18. Warumb solt ich traurig seyn 19. Ich bin Hans ohne Sorgen 20. Ich dancke meinem Gott 21. Weg mit euren Eitelkeiten 22. Wer sich beleidigt find APPENDIX . 120 English Translations Works of Lwe and Weiland BIBLIOGRAPHY . 127 iii LIST OF PLATES Plate Page 1. Title Page of the Tugend und Schertz-lieder . v vii 2. Page of' L*we's Printed Edition of 1657. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 22 1. Tie and Fermata with Staff Line . 2. Coloration Figure . - - 23 23 3. Corelli Clash . - - . - - - - - - a * - * iv p(Off btc j tgc nCucfefft t nLbc wo RC tct -, Optt crtafft/ Zlurct 34 a scob Diven on eena WArf. Zrainfdbm. d0(6brg. QYapliuciftcrn Zinb -54rftI-raun*O4t2nb. Muficum. P et9-tl of rut/he P Tu hEDC.LVU Plate 1--Title Page of the Tugend- und Schertz-lieder V This page has been inserted during digitization. Either the original page was missing or the original pagination was incorrect. CHAPTER I JOHANN JACOB LOWE His Life Johann Jacob Lbwe von Eisenach was born July 31, 1628 or 1629, in Vienna, the son of the Saxon Electoral resident, Johann Lo'We (born 1575 in Eisenach, died 1649 in Vienna). He was descended from a well-established Thuringian family which variably spelled the family name LEBE, LEW(E), LOW(E), or LEO. Johann Jacob consistently signed his name as "Lbw von Eysenach" to denote his family line, but was generally known simply as "Lowe." 2 On occasion his works were signed only "J.J.L.V.E." He received his early musical education as a violinist in the Viennese court, where his father was in service. Here Italian musicians and their music exerted a significant in- 4 fluence on him. His later musical education was received 1 Alfred Loewenberg, "Lo5we, Johann Jacob," Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 5th ed., 10 vols., ed. Eric Blom (New York, 1954), V, 410. 2 Horst Walter, "L6we von Eisenach," Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart, 14 vols., ed. Friedrich Blume (Kassel, 1949-1968), VIII, 1111. 3 Robert Eitner, editor, "Lowe," Quellen-Lexicon, 10 vols. (Leipzig, 1898-1904), VI, 205. 4 Walter, op. cit., 1112. 1 1 - - e * - m a lul a CH SKII 0 Q t: 0 OH -4 -P *i) I 4-) C4-1 1 0 I.I HIH4 C\Q * C S 4 I 'S I t$ C * 4 I. 4 I p6l l I I r-l- , - --- -- - - Alw - --- - - - --- WVA vii 2 from Heinrich Schuitz, with whom he studied organ and compo- sition in Dresden in 1652. The relationship between the two men surpassed that of teacher and pupil, and they became good friends.5 Schutz once described Lowe as being "noble, faithful, able, a particular friend, and beloved as a son." 6 Later in 1652, on SchUtz's recommendation, Lbwe became a resident ambassador and successor to his father in the Kaiser's court. In 1655, again on the recommendation of Schutz, L6we was called as Kapellmeister to the Wolfenbuttel Court of Herzog August the Younger. It was in this capacity that Lowe engaged in his most productive compositional ac- tivities. As Kapellmeister at Wolfenbiuittel, Ldwe collabo- rated with one of the court musicians, Julius Johann Weiland, on the work edited in this study, the Zweyergleich-gesinnten Freunde Tugend- und Schertz-lieder, published by Jacob Kdhler in Bremen in 1657. Thirteen operas supposedly composed by Lbwe were per- formed during his duties in Braunschweig-Wolfenbuttel. The first of these was an opera called Amelinde (1657), with a libretto by a well-known contemporary dramatist, Duke Anton Ulrich. Ulrich provided Lbwe with texts for most of his 5Loewenberg, op. cit., 410. 6 John Weeks Moore, editor, "Lbwe, Complete Encyclopedia of Music (Boston, 1880), p. 529. 7 Walter, O. cit., 1112. 8 Loewenberg, op. cit., 410. 3 singspiels; of these only one libretto remains, and none of the music has survived.9 Of Lo*we's early Braunschweig operas, only one, Qgrphusaus Thracien (1659), can be au- thenticated as a composition by Lowe.1 0 During the Easter season of 1663, again at Schitz's behest, Lowe became Kapellmeister at the newly-established court chapel of Herzog uMoritz in Zeitz. A rivalry with an- other court musician, M. Clemons Thieme, created discontent with the new post, and in ay of 1665, Lzwe submitted his resignation. Herzog Moritz sent a letter of recommendation on behalf of Liwe to the court of Frankfurt am Main as well as to the Elector of Brandenburg, but Lwe failed to obtain either position. From 1665 until 1682, Lowe apparently had no permanent position, although several works composed and printed during this period indicate that he remained active musically. In 1681, the Hanover Kantor, Johann Georg Braun, requested that Lowe compose the musical examples for his rzen AnleItunLzr edlenMusikkunst, and in 1682 Braun contributed the secular texts for Lowe's EinstimmeyNeuen 9 Percy M. Young, "From Schuitz to Telemann," Xerman Music, Of edited by Hans-Hubert Scho-nzeler (London, 19,77 P. 31. 10 Loewenberg, op. cit., 410. 4 Arien.11 Lwe also set texts of several members of the ori- ginal Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft.12 In 1682 Ldwe became the organist at St. Nicolas and St. Marian Churches in Luineburg, remaining there until his death in September, 1703. From more than twenty years of musical activity there, no certificates or documents exist to give evidence of his significance in the musical life of the city.13 In the district archives at Dresden, only the following information is on record; no further details are known: While at the Braunschweig Court in 1655, Lbwe received a salary of 300 Thalers, plus 52 Thalers for each singer in his choir, in addition to extra fees for laundry and cloth- ing. In 1660, Lbwe demanded a salary of 450 Thalers, which resulted in payment of the sum, but not on a regular basis. In 1663 he left Wolfenbiittel to go to Zeitz.14 Lwe moved to Luneburg in 1682 to become the organist at St. Nicolas and St. Marian Churches in that city. During Lowe's period of employment in Lineburg, J.S. Bach was a student at St. Michael's Church (from 1700 to 1702) in the same city.15 A contemporary report indicates llWalter, Op. cit., 1113. 1 2 Young, op. cit., 31. 1 3 Walter, p.Jit., 1113. 14Eitner, op. cit., 205. 1 5 Young, op. cit., 31. ) and Georg Bhm, that Bach had made the acquaintances of Lo'we 1 6 Phillip Spitta, another prominent organist in the city. that in his biography of the Bach family, even suggested but this ac- Bac-h may have studied with L'owe at this time, count is not compatible with L Swe's own, when, in 1699, he 7 wrote that he no longer took students.' His death came in LUneburg in 1703. The destitution letters of of the last years of his life forced him to send physical deteriora- request begging for work. His increasing tion becomes evident in these letters.18 In 1713, ten years after Lowe's death, his widow, Anna Lwe, surrendered thirteen bundles of her husband's notebooks to the city of Ldneburg in thanks for certain subsidies.