DOCSLIB.ORG

Conceptualizations and Impacts of Multiculturalism in the Ethiopian Education System

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Conceptualizations and Impacts of Multiculturalism in the Ethiopian Education System Conceptualizations and Impacts of Multiculturalism in the Ethiopian Education System by Fisseha Yacob Belay A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Curriculum, Teaching and Learning Ontario Institute for Studies in Education University of Toronto © Copyright by Fisseha Yacob Belay 2016 Conceptualizations and Impacts of Multiculturalism in the Ethiopian Education System Fisseha Yacob Belay Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Curriculum, Teaching and Learning University of Toronto 2016 Abstract This research, using critical qualitative research methods, explores the conceptualization and impact of multiculturalism within the Ethiopian education context. The essence of multiculturalism is to develop harmonious coexistence among people from diverse ethnic, social and cultural backgrounds. The current Ethiopian regime has used the ethnic federalism policy to restructure Ethiopia’s geopolitical, social and education policies along ethnic and linguistic lines. The official discourse of Ethiopian ethnic federalism and multicultural policies has emphasized the liberal values of diversity, tolerance, and recognition of minority groups. However, its application has resulted in negative ethnicity and social conflicts among different ethnic groups. Two universities, one in Oromia and another in Southern Nations, Nationalities and People’s (SNNP) region, were selected using purposive sampling for this study. Document analysis and in-depth interviews were used to collect data from ten professors, ten students and three curricular experts. The findings of this study revealed that Ethiopian multiculturalism has stemmed from the ethnic federalism political system; however, participants’ conceptualizations ranged from unity to division and difference to allegiance. Data further revealed that the impact of multiculturalism in the Ethiopian education system has involved mother tongue usage, quality of education, lack of leadership and foreign policy, while the impact on inter-ethnic relationships ii includes the declining social cohesion, the rise of ‘narrow nationalism’ and the implication of ethnic conflicts. This study discusses the effects the politics on language use, the declining quality of education and policy transfer all have within the Ethiopian education system. In addition, the study addresses the proliferation of negative ethnicity and the path to genocide. Finally, it makes recommendations to educators and policy makers to improve the education system as well as provide an environment to cultivate ethnic harmonious coexistence. iii Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to thank the Almighty God, for I have been given the most precious family, education, and endless love from my wife and children. Without His grace and blessings, this journey would not have been possible. Next, I am deeply indebted to my wife Lisa and I do not have words to express how much you mean to me. Thank you for your patience and putting up with me throughout my highs and lows. Not only are you my wife, but you are also my best friend and the mother of my precious babies. I am forever grateful to my God that I have you in my life. I am also thankful for my precious babies, Kalkidan, Ezana, Blaine and Robel, who have inspired me to persevere and stay focused on this journey. Kalkidan, my promise, you gave me divine love and you became my inspiration to enjoy everyday and seek a better tomorrow. You brought endless love to our family. You are a kindhearted soul who taught me the secrets of fatherhood. I love you so much! Ezana, my king, you are precious and an inspiration to my success. You made me want to see tomorrow and filled my life with joy. Everyday, you have made me realize how blessed I am to have you. Blaine, the center of my eye, you are my ruling princess who sends me to heaven with your glowing smile and laughter every day. Your happiness lights up my world. You are the spice of my life and I cannot imagine a day without you. Thank you for inspiring me in life. Robel, my joy, I love you more than you can imagine. My precious little boy, you mean the world to me and encourage me to become a success. Your arrival has brought us so many blessings and you are my motivation. I love you dearly and thank you! I am also grateful to my mother Ehitabeba, my father Yacob, my sisters Sewasew, Fetle and Almaz; my brothers Chombe, Tedy, Cheru, Mamushye, and Yihuko; and my uncles Gash Amde and Silo. Thank you for your unconditional love and support. I love you all. Etabiye, you iv are my teacher, my mentor and above all you are my precious mother. You are my foundation and you sacrificed your life and raised a blessed family. Thank you for your unconditional love, prayers and support. Dad, I love you and miss you so much. I am so grateful to complete my PhD and honour your wishes. I know how much my success means to you. Your words of wisdom and endless love paved the way for my success. Thank you! I would also like to extend my gratitude to my supervisor professor Njoki Wane for her guidance, mentorship and assistance throughout my journey. Professor Njoki, you are a wonderful human being with excellent mentorship skills. I do not think that I can thank you enough for your dedications and commitment to my success. Above all, thank you for believing in me and making me see the possibilities during my most distressed times. Your scholarly engagement taught me to persevere and has uplifted my spirits. Thank you for your love from within. Asante Sana! I am also thankful to my academic support from OISE, specifically Professors Sarfaroz Niyozov, Julie Kerekes, and Rinaldo Walcott for their assistance throughout my study. Sarfaroz you helped me begin my journey and saw me through many difficult times. I missed you on your move but will forever be grateful for your guidance and dedication to my goal. Thank you for walking this journey with me. Your scholarly guidance and advice has shaped my work and kept me in focus. You have always provided me with insightful and thought-provoking ideas. From the bottom of my heart, thank you very much. Julie and Rinaldo, thank you sincerely for your feedback and support throughout this journey. Julie, you have brought great contextual insight into this study. Your knowledge, time and ongoing support has been really appreciated and means more than you will ever know. Betam Ameseginalhu! v Finally, I like to thank the wider OISE community and my dear friends Yonas, Mourad, Asia, Wangui, Fana, Shife, Wonde, Ase, Dawit, Tayu and others who are not mentioned here. From the bottom of my heart I thank everyone who has assisted me on my journey. Thank you! Ameseginalhu! vi Table of Contents Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................... iv Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................ vii Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. viii List of Tables, Maps and Figure ................................................................................................. xi List of Appendices ........................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Chapter One: Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1 Rationale ................................................................................................................................... 3 Significance of the Study ......................................................................................................... 5 Personal Location .................................................................................................................... 6 Research Questions ................................................................................................................. 7 Outline of the Dissertation ...................................................................................................... 8 Chapter Two: Context .................................................................................................................. 9 Ethiopian Context .................................................................................................................... 9 Study Context ......................................................................................................................... 12 The Southern Nations, Nationalities People's Region ........................................................ 13 The Oromia Region ............................................................................................................... 16 History of Education in Ethiopia ......................................................................................... 18 Traditional Education ........................................................................................................... 18 Modern Education ................................................................................................................. 18 Education Structure in Ethiopia .........................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • OCHA East Hub Easthararghe Zone of Oromia: Flash Floods 290K 13
    OCHA East Hub East Hararghe Zone of Oromia: Flash floods Flash Update No. 1 As of 26 August 2020 HIGHLIGHTS Districts affected by flash floods as of 20 August 2020 • 290,185 people (58,073HHs) were affected due to the recent flood and landslide • 169 PAs in 13 districts (Haromaya, Goro Muxi, Kersa Melka Belo, Bedeno, Meta, Deder, Kumbi, Giraw, Kurfa Calle, Kombolcha, Jarso and Goro Gutu) were affected. • Over 42,000IDPs in those affected woredas were also affected including secondary displacement in some areas like the 56HH IDPs in Calanqo city of Metta woreda • 970 houses were damaged out of which 330 were totally damaged resulting to the displacement for 1090 people. Moreover,22,080 hectares of meher plantations were damaged impacting 18885 people in 4 districts and landslides on 2061 hectares affected 18785 people. A total of 18 human deaths as well as 135 livestock deaths reported. • 4 roads with total length of 414kms were partially damaged which might cause physical access constraints to 4-5 woredas of the zone. 290K 13 affected Districts affected people SITUATION OVERVIEW East Hararghe zone is recurrently affected by flood impact. Chronically,9 woredas of the zone, namely, Kersa, Melak Belo, Midhega Tola, Bedeno, Gursum, Deder, Babile, Haromaya ad Metta were prone to flooding. The previous flood in May affected 8 of the these woredas were 10,067 HHs (over 60,000 people) in 62 kebeles were affected. During this time, over 2000 hectares of Belg plantations were damaged. Only Babile woreda was reached with few assistances from some partners. The NMA predicted that above normal rainfall will likely to happen in the Eastern part after June.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopians and Somalis Interviewed in Yemen
    Greenland Iceland Finland Norway Sweden Estonia Latvia Denmark Lithuania Northern Ireland Canada Ireland United Belarus Kingdom Netherlands Poland Germany Belgium Czechia Ukraine Slovakia Russia Austria Switzerland Hungary Moldova France Slovenia Kazakhstan Croatia Romania Mongolia Bosnia and HerzegovinaSerbia Montenegro Bulgaria MMC East AfricaKosovo and Yemen 4Mi Snapshot - JuneGeorgia 2020 Macedonia Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Italy Albania Armenia Azerbaijan United States Ethiopians and Somalis Interviewed in Yemen North Portugal Greece Turkmenistan Tajikistan Korea Spain Turkey South The ‘Eastern Route’ is the mixed migration route from East Africa to the Gulf (through Overall, 60% of the respondents were from Ethiopia’s Oromia Region (n=76, 62 men and Korea Japan Yemen) and is the largest mixed migration route out of East Africa. An estimated 138,213 14Cyprus women). OromiaSyria Region is a highly populated region which hosts Ethiopia’s capital city refugees and migrants arrived in Yemen in 2019, and at least 29,643 reportedly arrived Addis Ababa.Lebanon Oromos face persecution in Ethiopia, and partner reports show that Oromos Iraq Afghanistan China Moroccobetween January and April 2020Tunisia. Ethiopians made up around 92% of the arrivals into typically make up the largest proportion of Ethiopians travelingIran through Yemen, where they Jordan Yemen in 2019 and Somalis around 8%. are particularly subject to abuse. The highest number of Somali respondents come from Israel Banadir Region (n=18), which some of the highest numbers of internally displaced people Every year, tensAlgeria of thousands of Ethiopians and Somalis travel through harsh terrain in in Africa. The capital city of Mogadishu isKuwait located in Banadir Region and areas around it Libya Egypt Nepal Djibouti and Puntland, Somalia to reach departure areas along the coastline where they host many displaced people seeking safety and jobs.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopia – Flooding Flash Update 3
    Ethiopia – Flooding Flash Update 3 22 May 2018 On 21 May, the National Disaster Risk Management Commission (NDRMC)-led Flood Task Force issued a revised Flood Alert1, based on the monthly National Meteorology Agency (NMA) forecast for the month of May 2018. The latest NMA forecast informs of a shift of the heavy rainfall from south eastern Ethiopia (mainly Somali region) to the central, western and parts of northern Ethiopia, including Afar, Amhara, Gambella, southern Oromia, parts of SNNP and Tigray region. Accordingly, average to above average rainfall is expected in Zones 3, 4 and 5 of Afar region; North and South Wello, North and South Gonder, Bahir Dar Zuria, Western and Eastern Gojam, and Awi zones of Amhara region; Benishan- gul Gumuz region; Gambella region; Harari region; Arsi, Bale, Borena, Guji, eastern, northern and western Shewa, East and West Hararge zones of Oromia region; most zones of SNNPR; most of Somali region; Tigray region; as well as Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa cities. The rains are expected to benefit agricultural activities by improving moisture forbelg and long cycle meher crops and perennial plants; and to help pasture regeneration and water source replenishment. However, flash floods are anticipated in areas along river banks and areas with low soil water percolation capacity. The first Alert was issued on 27 April following the reactivation of the National Flood Task Force on 19 April, to co- ordinate flood mitigation, preparedness and response efforts. Another revision will be conducted based on NMA’s forecast for the 2018 summer kiremt rains and new developments on the ground.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopia COI Compilation
    BEREICH | EVENTL. ABTEILUNG | WWW.ROTESKREUZ.AT ACCORD - Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation Ethiopia: COI Compilation November 2019 This report serves the specific purpose of collating legally relevant information on conditions in countries of origin pertinent to the assessment of claims for asylum. It is not intended to be a general report on human rights conditions. The report is prepared within a specified time frame on the basis of publicly available documents as well as information provided by experts. All sources are cited and fully referenced. This report is not, and does not purport to be, either exhaustive with regard to conditions in the country surveyed, or conclusive as to the merits of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Every effort has been made to compile information from reliable sources; users should refer to the full text of documents cited and assess the credibility, relevance and timeliness of source material with reference to the specific research concerns arising from individual applications. © Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD An electronic version of this report is available on www.ecoi.net. Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD Wiedner Hauptstraße 32 A- 1040 Vienna, Austria Phone: +43 1 58 900 – 582 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.redcross.at/accord This report was commissioned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Division of International Protection. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it endorse, its content. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ 4 1 Background information ......................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Geographical information .................................................................................................... 6 1.1.1 Map of Ethiopia ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Wfp Ethiopia Cfsva Report June
    © World Food Program Ethiopia Office and Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia All Rights reserved. Extracts may be published given source is duly acknowledged. This summary report and a report are available online: www.wfp.org and www.csa.gov.et For further information on this report please contact: World Food Program Ethiopia Office, P.O. Box 25584, code 1000: Phone: +251 115 51 51 88 Website: www.wfp.org Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia, P.O. Box 1143: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Phone: +251 111 55 30 11 Website: www.csa.gov.et Design and Layout: Berhane Sisay Email: [email protected], bssinna@gmail. com Phone: +251 918722510 +251 913506462 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATION AGP: Agricultural Growth Project HCES: Household Consumption Expenditure Survey BMI: Body Mass Index HDDS: Household Dietary Diversity Score CARI: Consolidated Approach for Reporting on Food Security IFPRI: International Food Policy Research Indicators Institute CFSAM: Crop and Food Security IOD: Indian Ocean Dipole Assessment Mission LEAP: Livelihoods, Early Assessment and CFSVA: Comprehensive Food Security and Protection Project Vulnerability Analysis MDER: Minimum Dietary Energy CPI: Consumer Price Index Requirement CSA: Central Statistical Agency MICS: Multiple Indicators DHS: Demographic and Health Survey MT: Metric ton EA: Enumeration Area MW: Mega Watt ECX: Ethiopian Commodity Exchange NBE: National Bank of Ethiopia EDHS: Ethiopia Demographic and PAE: Per capita and Per Adult Equivalent Health Survey PCA: Principal Component Analysis EGTE:
    [Show full text]
  • The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Sustainable Tourism Master Plan 2015 2025
    THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA SUSTAINABLE TOURISM MASTER PLAN 2015 2025 THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA SUSTAINABLE TOURISM MASTER PLAN 2015 – 2025 MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND TOURISM Copyright ©2015 United Nations Economic Commission for Africa www.uneca.org All rights reserved. The text and data in this publication may be reproduced as long as the source is cited. Reproduction for commercial purposes is forbidden. Disclaimer This report is the result of the analysis of a study commissioned by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), Eastern Africa Sub-Region Office (SRO-EA) . However, the report does not purport to represent the views or the official policy of the institution. MAP OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA 5 THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA TABLE OF CONTENTS Map of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia 5 List of figures 10 List of tables 11 Foreword 12 Acknowledgement 13 List of acronyms and abbreviations 14 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 18 1. INTRODUCTION 26 2 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS 32 2.1 Global Tourism Outlook 32 2.1.1 World Tourism Receipts 35 2.2 The Tourism Industry in Ethiopia 36 2.3 Competitive Analysis of Ethiopia’s Travel and Tourism Industry 37 2.4 Tourism Trends and Markets 40 2.5 The Current Tourism Supply in Ethiopia 45 2.5.1 Tourism Resources and Products 45 2.5.2 Current Tourism Routes and Products 56 2.5.3 Some Segmented Tourism Products 57 2.5.4 Summary of Key Issues 63 2.6 Tourism Marketing and Promotion 63 2.7 Tourism Infrastructure 66 2.7.1 Summary of
    [Show full text]
  • Updated Mapping Study on Non State Actors Sector in Ethiopia
    Framework Contract Benef. Lot N° 7 2007/146027 UPDATED MAPPING STUDY ON NON STATE ACTORS SECTOR IN ETHIOPIA Final Report July 2008 By William Emilio Cerritelli Akalewold Bantirgu Raya Abagodu Volume II Regional Reports This report has been prepared with the financial assistance from the European Commission. The views expressed herein are those of the consultants and therefore in no way reflect the official opinion Mayof the 2008 Commission. Table of Contents 1. Regional Report Afar...................................................................................................... 3 2. Regional Report Somali................................................................................................ 14 3. Harari Regional Report................................................................................................. 28 4. Regional Report Dire Dawa.......................................................................................... 44 5. Regional Report Oromia............................................................................................... 63 6. Regional Report SNNPR ............................................................................................. 78 7. Tigray Regional Report................................................................................................. 92 8. Amhara Regional Report ............................................................................................ 106 9. Benishangul Gumuz Regional Report .......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Over View of Socio Economic Data on Eastern Ethiopia Region (Harar Biodiversity Center Working Zone)
    ACTA SCIENTIFIC AGRICULTURE (ISSN: 2581-365X) Volume 3 Issue 4 April 2019 Case Report Over View of Socio Economic Data on Eastern Ethiopia Region (Harar Biodiversity Center Working Zone) Yeneayehu Fenetahun Mihertu* Ethiopian Biodiversity Center (EBI) Harar Biodiversity Center, Ethiopia *Corresponding Author: Yeneayehu Fenetahun Mihertu, Ethiopian Biodiversity Center (EBI) Harar Biodiversity Center, Ethiopia. Received: November 23, 2018; Published: March 19, 2019 Abstract Eastern part of Ethiopia has diversified socio-economic structure and the Harar Biodiversity center is assigned to do on the issue of biodiversity resource conservation, sustainable utilization and fair and equitable benefit sharing in the eastern part of the country. the region biological resource and focus on the spices that needs to give priority for conservation and to generate the general data And as result the center need to assess the general socioeconomic data of the region and classified accordingly in order to identify how it becomes from time to time. Based on the above objective the socio economic data of each region of eastern part of Ethiopia are presented below. Keywords: Socio-Economic; Eastern Ethiopia; Region Introduction Socio-Economic Data Ethiopia has Avery hug biodiversity resource and this biologi- Traditional Agro Ecological Zones Climate Condition. cal resource is found distributed throughout the four direction of No. Condition Size (%) from total area of the region the country. And Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute is the main re- 1 Dega 10% sponsible institute focus on conservation, sustainable utilization 2 Weyna Dega 38% 3 Kola 52% resource. And harar Biodiversity center was established in 2015 as well as fair and equitable benefit sharing from that biological 4 Desert to manage and conserve the eastern part of the country biological - resource and there are Five (5) basic regions in the eastern part of 5 other - Ethiopia found in the working area of Harar biodiversity Center.
    [Show full text]
  • Maize Technology Popularization in Selected Agricultural Growth Program-II Districts of Harari Region and Dire Dawa Administration
    ISSN: 2455-815X DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ijasft LIFE SCIENCES GROUP Received: 08 August, 2020 Research Article Accepted: 26 October, 2020 Published: 28 October, 2020 *Corresponding author: Ibsa Aliyi Usmane, Oromia Maize technology Agricultural Research Institute, Fedis Agricultural Research Centre, P.O. Box 904, Harar, Ethiopia, E-mail: popularization in selected Keywords: Melkassa maize; Improved varieties; Dire dawa and Harari districts Agricultural Growth Program- https://www.peertechz.com II districts of Harari region and Dire Dawa administration Ibsa Aliyi Usmane*, Abdulaziz Teha, Nasir Siraj and Oromiya Magersa Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Fedis Agricultural Research Centre, P.O. Box 904, Harar, Ethiopia Abstract Now days food and nutrition insecurity is a key challenge of small holder farmers faces in Ethiopia in general and study area in particular. Based on this notion the research was conducted with objectives of objectives of promoting and popularize improved maize technologies, create awareness, improving farmers’ knowledge and skills through giving training, improve farmers’ livelihood and enhance stakeholders’ participation. A total of fi fteen (15) trial farmers were selected from two potential Maize growing kebeles of Dire Dawa administration and one from Harari region. Three Farmers Research Groups having 45 farmers were established at each kebele. Two improved maize varieties (Melkassa-2 and Melkassa-6) were planted on a plot of 40mx40m per variety and trial farmers were used as replication. Training on which a total of 39 participants and fi eld day on which 107 participants took part were also organized at Dire Dawa and Harari region. Melkassa maize varieties were evaluated based on their early maturity, yield and disease tolerance.
    [Show full text]
  • Anemia and Associated Factors Among Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Public Hospitals in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Anemia and associated factors among type-2 diabetes mellitus patients attending public hospitals in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia 1 2 3 3 Astarekegn Bekele , Kedir Teji Roba , Gudina Egata , Berhe GebremichaelID * 1 Shekosh Health Center, Somali Regional State, Shekosh, Ethiopia, 2 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia, 3 School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract a1111111111 a1111111111 Background Anemia is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, therefore having a major impact on OPEN ACCESS the overall health and survival of diabetic patients. However, there is a paucity of evidence Citation: Bekele A, Teji Roba K, Egata G, of anemia among diabetic patients in Ethiopia, particularly in Harari Region. Therefore, this Gebremichael B (2019) Anemia and associated study aimed to assess the magnitude of anemia and associated factors among Type 2 Dia- factors among type-2 diabetes mellitus patients betes Mellitus (T2DM) patients attending public hospitals in Harari Region, Eastern attending public hospitals in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia. Ethiopia. PLoS ONE 14(12): e0225725. https://doi. org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225725 Editor: Naeti Suksomboon, Mahidol University, THAILAND Methods Received: August 26, 2019 A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 25 to March 30, 2019. Accepted: November 11, 2019 Probability proportion to size sampling, followed by simple random sampling, was utilized to select 374 T2DM patients. To collect the data, mixed methods were applied using question- Published: December 5, 2019 naires and checklist. Participants were tested for anemia based on World Health Organiza- Peer Review History: PLOS recognizes the tion (WHO) criteria.
    [Show full text]
  • S40249-020-00773-5.Pdf
    Esayas et al. Infect Dis Poverty (2020) 9:160 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00773-5 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Malaria epidemiology and stratifcation of incidence in the malaria elimination setting in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia Endashaw Esayas1,2* , Asefa Tufa1, Fekadu Massebo3, Abdulhamid Ahemed1, Ibssa Ibrahim1, Dereje Dillu4, Eyuel Asemahegn Bogale2, Solomon Yared5 and Kebede Deribe6,7 Abstract Background: Ethiopia has shown notable progress in reducing the burden of malaria over the past two decades. Because of this progress, the country has shifted eforts from control to elimination of malaria. This study was con- ducted to analyse the malaria epidemiology and stratifcation of incidence in the malaria elimination setting in eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyse the epidemiology of malaria by reviewing the district health ofce data from 2013 to 2019 in Harari Region. In addition, three years of sub-district level malaria data were used to stratify the malaria transmission intensity. Malaria interventions (Long-lasting insecticidal nets [LLIN] and indoor residual spraying [IRS]) employed were reviewed to analyse the intervention coverage at the Regional level. Descriptive statistics were used to show the malaria transmission in terms of years, season and species of the malaria parasite. Incidence rate per 1000 population and death rate per 1 000 000 population at risk were computed using the total population of each year. Results: In the Harari Region, malaria incidence showed a more pronounced declining trend from 2017 to 2019. Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax and mixed infections accounted for 69.2%, 30.6% and 0.2% of the cases, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Expenditures and Rural Welfare in Ethiopia
    The Bang for the Birr Public Expenditures and Rural Welfare in Ethiopia Tewodaj Mogues, Gezahegn Ayele, and Zelekawork Paulos RESEARCH REPORT 160 INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE sustainable solutions for ending hunger and poverty IFPRI® Copyright © 2008 International Food Policy Research Institute. All rights reserved. Sections of this material may be reproduced for personal and not-for-profit use without the express written permission of but with acknowledgment to IFPRI. To reproduce material contained herein for profit or commercial use requires express written permission. To obtain permission, contact the Communications Division <[email protected]>. International Food Policy Research Institute 2033 K Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20006-1002, U.S.A. Telephone +1-202-862-5600 www.ifpri.org DOI: 10.2499/9780896291690RR160 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Tewodaj Mogues. The bang for the birr : public expenditures and rural welfare in Ethiopia / Tewodaj Mogues, Gezahegn Ayele and Zelekawork Paulos. p. cm.—(IFPRI research report ; 160) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-89629-169-0 (alk. paper) 1. Government spending policy—Ethiopia. 2. Rural poor—Ethiopia. 3. Social service, Rural—Ethiopia. I. Gezahegn Ayele. II. Zelekawork Paulos. III. International Food Policy Research Institute. IV. Title. V. Title: Public expenditures and rural welfare in Ethiopia. VI. Series: Research report (International Food Policy Research Institute) ; 160. HJ7928.T49 2008 336.3′90963—dc22 2008042166 Contents List of Tables iv List of Figures vi Foreword vii Acknowledgments viii Acronyms and Abbreviations ix Summary x 1. Public Spending and Rural Welfare in Ethiopia 1 2. Empirical Approaches to Assessing the Impact of Public Spending 4 3.
    [Show full text]